Bioengenharia

URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorioacademico.universidadebrasil.edu.br/handle/123456789/31

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Doenças tropicais negligenciadas: caracterização dos indivíduos e distribuição espacial em um município no semiárido do Piauí
(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Macedo, Juliana Bezerra; Costa, Adriana Pavinatto da; Rodrigues, Bruno V. M.
The study of the occurrence of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) based on the location of cases and local epidemiology provides data on their distribution, allowing the identification of clusters and understanding at an expanded level, constituting a important management tool in the control and elimination programs. Considering that the majority of NTDs found in the worldoccur in Brazil, a country that has millions of people living at the level of extreme poverty concentrated in Northeast region, this study aimed to perform spatial analysis and characterize individuals diagnosed with NTDs from 2013 to 2018 in the city of Picos, which is a municipality in the semi-arid region of the state of Piauí, northeast region of Brazil. Thus, this research is an ecological, analytical and exploratory study carried out through access to compulsory notification forms contained in the municipality's Epidemiological Surveillance.The final population consisted of 1,532 cases in which descriptive statistics were performed, such as absolute and relative frequencies, proportion ratios and incidence calculations. After verifying the global autocorrelation through the Moran index, the local autocorrelation was evaluated through the LISA (Local Indicators of Spatial Association) using Moran Maps for the spatial representation of the Moran scattering diagram.The results were presented in four axes according to methodological specifications and analyzed diseases. A higher percentage of notified cases of dengue was observed, followed by leprosy and tuberculosis. There was a predominance of cases in female in the reports of dengue, leprosy and schistosomiasis. As for the age group, there is a predominance among adults (20 - 59 years). Most of the notifications pointed out as incomplete elementary schooling, however, the high percentage of ignored in the notifications of dengue cases stands out. The brown race was identified as the majority in all NTD notifications. Only for dengue cases were reported in pregnant women. The reported cases of NTD were concentrated in the urban residence area; however, the incidence is higher in the rural area. Although the highest percentage of cases of tuberculosis and leprosy has been verified in primary care points, thelarge number of notifications in secondary care points stands out. The municipality of showed hyper endemic for leprosy. Regarding dengue, most notifications occurred at the tertiary level. The spatial analysis of the cases located in the urban network showed a cluster of neighborhoods with similar incidence rates in neighborhoods close to the city center. A high-risk cluster was identified in the central neighborhoods of the city, which can help to define the priority areas for specific interventions. The information evidenced in the study on local epidemiology and spatial analysismay contribute to the definition of actions aimed at improving the control and reducing the incidence of NTD cases in the city.
Presença de canais mesio mediais em primeiros molares inferiores: um estudo tomográfico
(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Dantas, Raphaela Rodrigues; Baptista, Alessandra
Recognizing variations in the anatomy of the root canal is essential for a successful diagnosis and successful endodontic treatment. The objective of this study was to identify the incidence of the middle mesial canal in the lower first molars, through Cone Beam Computed Tomography. The sample consisted of 200 tomographic examinations of lower first molars used from the tomographic image file of aradiology clinic in the city of Itabuna-BA. No patient was submitted to the examination for the purpose of research. CT scans were purchased on the i-Cat Classic ® device (Imaging Science International, Hatfield, Pennsylvania, United States of America) with voxel between 0.4-0.2 mm, and image acquisition and analysis were formed using XoranCat software , version 3.0.34 (Xoran Technolo-gies, Ann Arbor, MI). The identification of the middle mesial canal, as well as its location and union with adjacent canal, was determined by multiplanar reformatting (MPR) in axial reconstruction. All analyzes were performed in the R Core Team program (2018), with a significance level of 5%. The prevalence of patients with middle mesial canal in lower first molars was 8.0% (16 molars), with no significant association between the presence of anatomical variation with sex and age. Of the 16 molars, five (31.2%) were mesialized, nine (56.3%) centralized and two (12.5%) were distalized. In addition, 68.8% had union of the root thirds. Therefore, It can be concluded then that the study of the presence of the middle mesial canal, in populations from different locations, is extremely important to assist the dentistry in the diagnosis and planning of the success of the endodontic treatment. This study was carried out in the city of Itabuna-BA and showed a low prevalence of the medial mesial canal in the evaluated population, with no significant association between the presence of anatomical variation with sex and age.
Efeito da fotobiomodulação e da cinesioterapia na expressão de índices hematológicos em pacientes com osteoartrose de joelho
(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Rebelato, Fabio Luiz; Baptista, Alessandra
Photobiomodulation (PBM: English-photobiomodulation) is a treatment that involves the use of a monochromatic light source, non-thermal effect, which has been proposed in the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthrosis (OAJ), due to these analog, action effects anti-inflammatory and regenerative. However, the systemic effects of PBM, especially those referring to monomorphonuclear blood cells, are still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the number of white series cells and the number of patients diagnosed with OAJ published through PBM and kinesiotherapy, associated or not. The number of cells in the white and platelet series of 28 patients, between 45 and 80 years old, were randomly divided into 4 groups: Kinesiotherapy Group (CG); PBM Group (GL); Cinesioterapia + PBM Group (GCL); and PBM + Cinesioterapia Group (GLC). All groups receive treatment 3 times a week on alternate days for 4 weeks. Groups using treatment with physical activity (CG, GLC and GCL) perform supervised exercises and groups using treatment with PBM (GL, GCL and GLC) receive 9 irradiation points (Therapy XT-DMC, São Carlos, Brazil - 808nm P = 100mW - 3J / point). The evaluations were performed before the start of treatment (AV0) and 48 h after the end of the 10th session (AV1). Our results show that the initial and final count is not the number of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and platelets, the GC, GCL and GLC do not significantly alter cell counts (p0.05). The GL showed a significant increase only in the monocyte count (p0.05) after 4 weeks of treatment. The comparison between cell relationships between lymphocytic neoplasms (RNL), monocyte lymphocytes (RML) and coated lymphocytes (RPL), did not significantly affect the use of any method used. However, an RML in the intergroup evaluation showed an increasing trend only in the group treated with PBM. Therefore, we can conclude that PBM alone, without OAJ treatment, was the only treatment capable of promoting white cell and platelet count, mainly in monocytes. And an RML relationship was also a single cellular relationship capable of differentiating the proposed procedures, suggesting that PBM alone can increase the inflammatory response, in the tests tested.
Tempo de permanência na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva e o uso de Redes Bayesianas como ferramenta de gestão
(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Santos, Patrícia Couto Macedo dos; Baptista, Alessandra; Magalhães, Daniel Souza Ferreira
The lack of beds in intensive care units (ICU) is a public health problem. The length of stay in these units contributes to reducing bed turnover, which slows down the admission of other critical patients who end up receiving inadequate care, increasing hospital mortality rates. The general objective of this work is to statistically analyze the possible causal relationships using probabilistic inferences between factors related to the length of stay in an intensive care environment through the use of Bayesian Networks for management strategies and support to decision making. A retrospective study was carried out in the general ICU of Hospital Calixto Midlej Filho de Itabuna, with a qualitative and quantitative approach with 49 patients aged between 14 and 92 years. Data collection was performed through the patients' medical records via the hospital's audit department and / or Medical and Statistical File Service (SAME). The variables collected were: gender, age, APACHE II (English: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II), presence of mechanical ventilation, development of infection and length of stay in the unit. The collected data were inserted and tabulated in an Excel® spreadsheet. and used in the manufacture of Bayesian Networks (RB) using GeNIe 2.0 software. The results showed that gender, age, mechanical ventilation and APACHE II classification factors influence the length of stay in the ICU. Therefore, the use of Bayesian methods that, through probabilistic reasoning, have a good performance to work with causes and effects relationships, can be used as a tool to support management for decision making and optimization of the time spent in critical ICU patients.
Análise qualitativa do cortisol salivar por espectroscopia no infravermelho
(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Carvalho, Conceição de Maria Aguiar; Mendes, Thiago de Oliveira
Widely used to diagnose and monitoring of different diseases, such as Addison's disease, Parkinson's disease and stress association, the cortisol is a glucocorticoid, belonging to the steroid family has a special interest for the medical community. The present work includes the study of infrared spectrum of the cortisol molecule and performs a qualitative analysis of the level of salivary cortisol. For this, the infrared spectrum of the cortisol molecule was obtained by computational methods, based on the Theory of Functional Density, using Avogadro, Gaussian and VEDA software. The stretching of the double CO in 1744 cm-1 e 1776 cm-1 bonds as highlights as a more intense region of the infrared spectrum of the cortisol molecule. A set of ways of using major vibrators in 1776, 1744, 1664, 3824, 3688, 3064, 3096, 1440, 1248, 1120, 1296, 928 e 888 cm-1 has been suggested. The experimental spectra of the analytical standard of cortisol, artificial saliva and artificial saliva with cortisol addition was obtained in the reflectance mode with ATR accessory. The theoretical spectral profile was compared with the experimental values of the vibratory modes. Finally, an unsupervised analysis of a set of artificial saliva with and without cortisol addition evidenced as vibrational bonds in 2912, 1706 and 1642 cm-1 as vibratory markers of salivary cortisol, showing that a infrared spectroscopy can be used for evaluation qualitative analysis of salivary cortisol levels.
Análise do Desempenho Laboral de Deficientes Intelectuais Inseridos em uma Rede Varejista nos Municípios de Itabuna e Ilhéus: pesquisa de campo, com abordagem investigativa de caráter qualitativo e quantitativo
(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Matos, Rebeca Rodrigues Faislon; Baptista, Alessandra
Companies seek, within a technical and human complexity, to build work processes that meet the expectations of customers who request specific quality services and adapted to their needs. The objective of this work was to evaluate the productivity and adaptability of employees with intellectual disabilities (ID) inserted in the labor market in a retail chain in the municipalities of Itabuna and Ilhéus. Twenty individuals with ID and 20 individuals without such impairment were evaluated, inserted in the organizational context as a packager. The assessments were made by managers and co-workers without intellectual commitment, in order to assess how the interpersonal relationships of these employees with ID and their contribution to the company are established, and finally an interview was conducted with employees with ID to assess the profile of these employees and the degree of satisfaction in being inserted in the labor market. The results of the managers' assessment showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) in relation to behavioral characteristics, interpersonal relationships and productivity between employees with and without ID. With regard to attendance and customer service, the managers' assessment did not show statistically significant differences between those assessed (p>0.05). The questionnaire among the peers showed that employees with ID perform well at work, in interpersonal relationships with other employees and with customers, and that the hiring of these individuals is highly regarded by society and by co-workers. And finally, the interviews with employees with ID showed that 95% of those hired with ID, by the evaluated institutions, are male and the results showed positive unanimity of employees with ID in relation to their role and the help of other employees. Therefore, we can conclude that the evaluations performed showed the relevance of the work in terms of reducing the social stigma of the employee with ID, as well as expanding the possibility of hiring these individuals.
Efeitos da fotobiomodulação e cinesioterapia no tratamento da osteoartrite de joelho: estudo clínico, prospectivo e randomizado
(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Lima, Geovane Elias Guidini; Baptista, Alessandra
Osteoarthritis is a chronic joint disease characterized by gradual destruction of cartilage, which can generate pain, muscle weakness, deficit in the range of motion, stiffness and impairment in function. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of kinesiotherapy associated or not with photobiomodulation on the intensity of pain, range of motion, physical function and muscle strength of the quadriceps femoris and hamstrings in patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). 28 patients participated in this study, randomly divided into 2 treatment groups, performed 3 times a week, for 6 weeks: Kinesiotherapy Group (KG), submitted to stretching, self mobilization, muscle strengthening and sensorimotor training and Kinesiotherapy and Photobiomodulation Group (KPG), submitted to the same program as the KG followed by infrared laser irradiation (808 nm, 100mW - 5 points in the medial joint region of Joelho and 4 points lateral, 3J / point; 30 s per point). Blinded evaluators assessed pain at rest and movement and range of motion using the visual analog scale (VAS) and goniometry, respectively. To assess physical function, the WOMAC questionnaire (Western Ontario and MacMaster University Osteoarthritis Index) and functional tests were used: Sit and stand test; 2 min walk test. The muscular strength of the quadriceps and hamstrings were measured using an isometric dynamometer. The evaluations were performed in 4 moments: before (EV0), during (EV1: 3 weeks of treatment), at the end (EV2: after 6 weeks of treatment) and 30 days after the end of treatment (follow-up). When comparing treatments, the combination of treatments showed a reduction in joint pain intensity at rest, an increase in knee flexion amplitude, an improvement in physical function and an increase in muscle strength of quadriceps femoris when compared to KG (p <0.05). In the intra-group analysis, our results showed a significant improvement in all variables studied (p <0.05), and in some variables only after 3 weeks of intervention. we can conclude that a kinesiotherapy associated with photobiomodulation can be a good adjunctive treatment in OAJ.
Desenvolvimento e avaliação de software para acompanhamento de gestantes com sífilis
(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Markus, Glaucya Wanderley Santos; Baptista, Alessandra; Magalhães, Daniel Souza Ferreira
Gestational syphilis is a worldwide problem and can be controlled through effective public health actions and measures. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a mobile application (app) in order to facilitate the monitoring of pregnant women with syphilis during the prenatal period until the postpartum period. This is a technological production aimed at building a mobile application. The Gestisífilis app allows you to obtain treatment data for the pregnant woman, including data regarding the tests performed, clinical stage of the disease, therapeutic scheme, VDRL examination tracking during the 9 gestational months, through the generation of reports that can be accessed and sent via email. The data entered is password protected by the system administrator, safeguarding patients' privacy. The app was installed on 23 smartphones with the Android system, from different nurses, to assess the compatibility of the system, and to evaluate the functionality of the app. The user's profile and degree of satisfaction were assessed using a QUIS questionnaire (Questionnaire for User Interaction Satisfaction), which was applied by the Google Form platform. The downloads on different smartphones showed that the synchronization and sending of the app's data works correctly. The results of the questionnaire showed that the majority of the evaluators were women (82.6%), under the age of 30 years (47.8%), with a specialist title (87%) professional experience between 1-2 years ( 52%). Regarding the usability of the app, the results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between professionals with up to 2 years and more than 2 years of experience (p 0.05), with average and median scores very close to the maximum value (10) . We concluded that the Gestisífilis app showed efficiency in the reception and transmission of information and approval of usability by the evaluators and can be a great tool in the monitoring of pregnant women with syphilis.
Efeito clínico da fotobiomodulação transcraniana em paratletas com paralisia cerebral
(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Garcez, Edna de Morais; Baptista, Alessandra
Transcranial photobiomodulation (t-PBM) is a non-invasive therapy modality that promotes increased of cerebral energy metabolism and antioxidant defenses. This therapy uses light, usually from a laser or LED to stimulate mitochondrial metabolism, promoting a higher energy supply in the cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of t-PBM on motor and intralimbal coordination of brain-damaged parathletes. Six parathletes were evaluated, classified according to the parameters defined by the International Paralympic Committee, in BC1, BC2 and BC3, aged between 23 and 41 years. Each parathlete was submitted to t-PBM of the whole head through a helmet composed of 204 LEDS, with interspersed wavelengths of 660 and 850 nm (CAPELLUX I9, Comedical, Mauá / SP, Brazil), 3 times per week on alternate days, for 15 min, for 2 weeks. To assess the effects of t-PBM, manual dexterity and intralimbal coordination tests (ILC) were performed before the start of treatment, 7 days and 14 days after. The results showed how the continuous movements for the evaluation of manual dexterity and tested ILC, seem to have the capacity to distinguish the motor limitations of the players, confirming the classification of the International Paralympic Committee. The evaluation of the manual dexterity showed a significant gradual improvement in the manual dexterity, after t-PBM sessions, for both the dominant and non-dominant hands (p<0.05). The evaluation tests of the ILC showed that there was no reduction in the time to perform horizontal movements in both the dominant and non-dominant hands, after 3 and 6 sessions of t-PBM (p>0.05). However, the evaluations of the vertical movements showed that there was a reduction in the execution time of the exercise in the dominant hand, between the initial and the final evaluation and in the non-dominant hand, the reduction in time occurred only between the second and the third evaluation (p <0.05). Finally, the continuous vertical touch test showed a gradual and significant increase in the number of vertical movements in the two groups tested, when compared to the initial and final values (p<0.05). Therefore, we can conclude that t-PBM presents itself as an effective alternative in the improvement of motor coordination, assessed through tests of manual dexterity and intralimbal coordination, in practicing athletes of adapted bocce.
Efeitos da fotobiomodulação no desempenho esportivo de paratletas de natação - uma série de casos
(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Garcez, Aguinaldo Silva; Baptista, Alessandra
Photobiomodulation (PBM) uses light, usually from a laser or LED, to stimulate, heal and / or regenerate damaged tissues. Recently, it has been used to increase sports performance in athletes. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effects of PBM on cardiorespiratory function and swimming performance in parathletes. Ten young adult parathletes, men and women, swimmers of the AACD team, São Paulo - Brazil, were tested before and after the PBM applied to the upper musculature. They are diagnosed with cerebral palsy, myelomeningocele and congenital malformation. Before the test, they performed a 10 min swim warm-up in a 50 m pool. They rested for 1 min and their heart rate was recorded. Parathletes performed 3 swimming sessions, in freestyle, with maximum effort, with an interval of 5 min between each series and the average performance time was recorded. After a recovery period of one week, the upper muscles: biceps, deltoid and trapezius were irradiated, bilaterally, for 10 min, with a set of LEDs, each area receiving 108 J. After every 50 m of swimming, performance time, peak heart rate and recovery after 1 min were recorded. Comparisons were made before, after irradiation with PBM and after placebo, in a crossover design. All the parathletes improved the time in the 50 m swim. On average, the time decreased about 4 s after PBM and about 1.5 s after placebo. The peak heart rate was 10% lower after irradiation, when compared to non irradiated placebo. The recovery heart rate was also better for all athletes. The results suggest that a muscle preconditioning regime, using PBM with low-power infrared laser, before intense exercise can modulate the function of the upper musculature and the recovery of heart rate, leading to a better swimming performance in young adult parathletes.
Avaliação comparativa entre as técnicas All-on-four e Four-onpillars em planejamentos virtuais 3D associadas a cirurgias guiadas em maxilas atróficas
(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Maia, Marcelo do Lago Pimentel; Magalhães, Daniel Souza Ferreira
Thorough technical knowledge and anatomical understanding are critical for optimal surgical results. The difficulty of complete maxillary surgery can vary significantly depending on the complexity of the anatomy or bone defect. Guided surgery is currently a relevant option for bringing to the patient fewer surgical complications and is directly related to 3D virtual planning for the success of the case. In this work, we analyze and compare two methods of planning guided in software for the manipulation of dental implants, associated with the All-on-four (A.F.) and Four-on-pillars (F.P.) techniques used in patients with atrophic maxillae. Forty-two images of totally edentulous patients were analyzed, 30 of which were planned using ImplantViewer software for volume assessment and ImageJ software for area assessment. The volumes were acquired in a CRANEX 3D volumetric tomograph model from the Soredex brand. In each planning, the height and width of the bone remnant was used as guidance and the implants were installed virtually. The average area of the Fouron-pillars technique was 4.9x (p<0.0001) greater than the average area with the Allon-four technique, this represents a difference of 489%, which in the same force applied by the jaw we have a 4.9x lower pressure, that is, a better distribution of forces on the jaws. It was not possible to notice a statistical difference between the success proportions (p=0.2542), showing that the techniques have a non-different (similar) success proportion. We conclude that the area formed in the Four-on-pillars surgical planning is larger than in the All-on-four planning and also that there is no technique with successful advantages over another, therefore the Four-on-pillars technique becomes an excellent option as a treatment for atrophic jaws.
Estudo do microrelevo cutâneo após o uso da dermaplanagem por meio da fotogrametria digital tridimensional
(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Ventura, Danielle Bastos da Silva; Frade-Barros, Amanda Farage
The skin surface is a barrier and can selectively communicate with the internal biological environment and the external environment, it is not flat and contains several straight grooves that can be classified according to depth, and therefore, these conditions that define its micro relief are related to its exchanges and its breathing, so the photogrammetric analysis instruments allow its amplification, making it possible and necessary to describe them. Dermaplaning is a technique used in qualified aesthetic protocols, facial rejuvenation and the treatment of atrophic scars, based on the concept of physically removing the superficial layers of the skin by dragging a blade of sterile, disposable butter from a scalpel. The three-dimensional photogrammetry analysis instruments are modern resources of current tissue bioengineering and allow a form of tissue enlargement in a precise and non-invasive way. Two dermaplaning intervals with 21-day intervals were performed in women between 18 and 38 years old, divided into 2 groups (control n = 21, test n = 21) with complaints of skin texture alteration. The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated using three-dimensional digital photogrammetry and photothermographic imaging before and after the preparations. The group showed decreased oiliness, local hydration and increased count of elastic and collagen fibers, as well as surface pigmentation, through arbitrary measures provided by the equipment. This study was of fundamental importance to verify, in addition to the changes in the biotype, that there were topographic changes in the cutaneous microrelief after the use of dermaplaning and showed that the technique is a possible effective dermatological or aesthetic therapy to improve the microrelief, but it is necessary its post-procedure skin management.
Avaliação microbiológica da associação do biopolímero de fibrina com nitrato de prata
(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Campos, Silvana; Nuñez, Silvia Cristina; Cogo, José Carlos
Fibrin sealants, also known as fibrin biopolymer (BPF), are biological matrixes from human plasma, fully resorbable, that mimic the last stages of the coagulation cascade during which fibrinogen is converted into a structured and insoluble fibrin clot. BPF developed from the snake venom Crotalus durissus terrificus, presents an excellent alternative for tissue engineering and cell modulation. Its use as a healer for venous ulcers in the lower limbs proved to be safe and potentially effective in a phase II clinical study. Objective: To investigate the antimicrobial effect of the association of fibrin biopolymer with silver nitrate. This association will allow its use in contaminated and colonized wounds, which currently leads to suspension of treatment with BPF. Methods: BPF is prepared from 2 active components and a diluent. Different concentrations of silver nitrate were mixed with the BPF components. The clots containing silver nitrate were inserted into the wells drilled on the agar in Petri dishes containing the culture medium of Mueller Hilton agar previously seeded with cultures of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Silver nitrate concentrations were used, forming the following groups: Control - NP1 = 1mg / mL; NP2 = 2.5mg / mL and NP3 = 5mg / mL silver nitrate; Experimental group: the same concentrations used in the control group associated with BPF and positive control with antibiotics. The presence was verified and the inhibition halo present in each of the tested plates was measured. Tests of minimum inhibitory concentration (CIM) and minimum bactericide (CBM) were carried out to establish the lowest concentration of BPF + NP and NP capable of inhibiting the tested strains. Mean and median values of diameters with measures of central tendency and standard deviation and interquartile range were considered as measures of sample dispersion and verification of antimicrobial efficacy. Results: A significant difference was observed in the halos of inhibition of treatments with NP when compared with BPF + NP. There was a statistical difference in the inhibition halos of the gram-negative bacteria in relation to the gram-positive bacteria, in the treatment with NP, NP3 showed a significant difference in relation to NP2 compared to E. coli while S. aureus did not present a statistically significant difference. BPF alone did not form an inhibition halo. BPF + NP had an inhibitory effect on the antimicrobial action of NP by 18.2% for E. coli and 13.5% for S. aureus when compared to NP treatment. The CIM found for E. coli and S. aureus when tested with GMP + NP were 7.81 and 250 µg / mL and with NP 3.9 and 7.81 µg / mL. While CBM found for BPF + NP they were 15.62 and 1000 µg / mL and for treatment with NP 7.81 and 15.62 µg / mL respectively. Conclusion: It was possible to verify by the results that the NP and BPF + NP showed antibacterial effect on the species of gram-negative and grampositive bacteria, demonstrating greater efficacy for E. coli and that the antibacterial activity of the NP was more effective than the BPF + NP. He observed that GMP when isolated has no antibacterial effect.
Luz UV-C na descontaminação de diferentes superfícies
(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Soares, Roseane Débora Barbosa; Baptista, Alessandra
A suplementação de vitamina C inibe hiperativação de células de Leucemia Mielóide Crônica induzidas por Lipopolysaccarídeo: envolvimento da sinalização purinérgica
(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Pires, Daniela Alves; Vieira, Rodolfo de Paula
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm, characterized by overproduction of white blood cells, with the patients presenting anemia, fatigue, infections, bleeding, and other problems. Thus, an important goal for CML patients is to prevent infections and inhibit the exacerbation of inflammatory processes. In this context, the present study investigated whether vitamin C could inhibit hyperinflammatory activation of K562 cells induced by LPS and whether purinergic signaling is involved in such response. Two doses of vitamin C were used (5 µg/mL and 10 µg/mL) for 2 hours prior LPS (10ng/mL) for 22 hours in K-562 cells (3x105 cells/mL/well). The results demonstrated that both doses of vitamin C significantly reduced LPS-induced the release of IL-6 (5 µg/mL, p<0.01 and 10µg/mL p<0.01) and TNF-alpha (5 µg/mL, p<0.01 and 10µg/mL p<0.01). In contrast, both doses of vitamin C induced the release of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (5 µg/mL, p<0.01 and 10µg/mL p<0.01). In addition, 10µg/mL of vitamin C induced the release of klotho(10µg/mL p<0.01), an anti-aging and antiinflammatory protein. Importantly, vitamin C (5 µg/mL, p<0.01 and 10µg/mL p<0.01) reduced ATP release and accumulation in the extracellular milieu as well as reduce the expression at mRNA levels of P2X7 receptor, suggesting a possible mechanism of action. Therefore, we conclude that vitamin C inhibits hyperinflammatory state induced by LPS in K-562 cells involving purinergic signaling.
Ensaio clínico cego e randomizado para avaliação de dois protocolos de fotobiomodulação para a prevenção das complicações orais em pacientes transplantados de medula óssea
(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Marski, Roberta Silveira da Silva; Nuñez, Silvia Cristina
Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) or hematopoietic cell transplantation requires high doses of chemotherapy in patients who will undergo HSCT (Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation), this chemotherapy regimen causes the destruction of cells with a high mitotic index leading to damage to the oral and gastric mucosa called Mucositis. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of Photobiomodulation (PBM) in the prevention of oral complications in hematopoietic transplant patients applying PBM daily and comparing it to the application every other day, totalizing 4 weekly applications from the beginning of conditioning to neutrophilic engraftment (bone marrow engraftment) in gender-independent, halogen and/or haploidentical transplant recipients. The volunteers were randomly divided into 2 groups: Daily Laser Group (DLG) P=13; LG4 (4x a week) P=17. All groups were evaluated daily by a trained nursing staff., from the beginning of conditioning D-7 to D+21, the results were cataloged and analyzed in a blind, longitudinal study, according to the WHO scale for evaluation of oral mucositis and pain degree (VAS scale). The groups were submitted to low power laser treatment (Therapy XT-DMC, São Carlos, Brazil) with a wavelength of 660nm, Power of 100mW, exposure time of 20 s delivering 2J per point throughout the oral cavity. Data related to xerostomia, odynophagia and degree of mucositis were analyzed over 21 days and the data were compared statistically using the Mann-Whitney test. The statistical comparison results for xerostomia (D+8 p=0.4434), odynophagia (D+8 p=0.8560) and mucositis (D+8 p=0.7285) showed no significant differences at any time during the study. According to the results, the PBM protocol on alternate days is as efficient as the daily application for the prevention of oral complications in patients who underwent HSCT.
A relação entre a irradiação transcutânea do sangue – ILIB modificada e os níveis de cortisol salivar em cuidadores de idosos saudáveis
(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Trindade, Monaiza Moura; Baptista, Alessandra
Formal caregivers usually have exhaustive work scale that can trigger emotional changes and a decrease in the quality of life of these professionals. The use of ILIB (Intravascular Laser Irradiation of Blood) can improve the immunological activity of the blood, in addition to facilitating blood circulation and has been used in the treatment of different diseases. The aim of this study was to verify the effects of ILIB, applied transcutaneous, in relation to the levels of salivary cortisol of caregivers of formal elderly in long-term care institutions, who work during the day and night. Forty-two caregivers of formal elderly people were divided into 6 groups: Day Group (DG) (n=7); Day ILIB Group (DILIBG) (n=7); Day ILIB/placebo group (DPG) (n=7); Night Group (NG) (n=7); ILIB Night Group (NILIBG) (n=7); and Night ILIB/placebo Group (NPG) (n=7). Volunteers in the ILIB and ILIB / placebo groups received ILIB, in the radial artery region, by means of a low-power laser (Laser Duo, MMOPTICS, São Carlos, Brazil), l= 660 nm, P = 100 mW / 30 min, every other day, for 2 weeks, totaling 8 sessions of treatment/placebo, while the groups: GD and GN performed salivary collection on the day off and on the workday. All participants answered the quality of life questionnaire (QLQ) before any procedure and saliva collections for volunteers in the ILIB and ILIB/placebo groups were performed before any procedure; 24 h and 48 h after 8 treatment/placebo sessions, while the groups: DN and NG performed salivary collection on the day off and on the workday. The QLQ results did not show statistically significant differences between daytime and nighttime workers (p>0.05). Regarding cortisol quantification, the results showed statistically significant decreases (p<0.05) in salivary cortisol levels, both in the ILIB groups and in the placebo groups. Therefore, we can conclude that it was possible to measure the salivary cortisol levels of caregivers of formal elderly in long-stay institutions, who work day and night, treated or not with ILIB. However, ILIB cannot help to reduce salivary cortisol levels in caregivers of elderly people in long-term care facilities.
Manual técnico em biossegurança na paramentação e desparamentação dos equipamentos de proteção individual dos profissionais de saúde que atuam na linha de frente à Covid-19
(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Abreu, Regiane Cristina Santos; Navarro, Ricardo Scarparo; Frade-Barros, Amanda Farage
The pandemic triggered by the new Corona virus (SARS-CoV-2), which causes COVID-19, has affected many healthcare professionals worldwide who have been infected, some of them progressing to death. The use of personal protective equipment is ensured as a measure to protect the health and safety of the worker. The preparation of this study aimed to build a technical manual for the attire and undressing of health professionals in the correct execution of the removal and placement of personal protective equipment in patient care with COVID19. The development of the study took place from August 2020 to May 2021. For systematization, the following inclusion criteria were established: article publications and scientific journals from 2015 to 2021 with contextualization on the proposed topic. As exclusion criteria: studies that did not cover the topic in question, articles that were outside the delimited years. Searches were also carried out in the journal Database and CAPES theses database for dissertations and theses on the proposed topic. Six articles were selected, 1 from 2015 and another 15 from 2020. An analysis was made of the materials found, texts and illustrations, allowing the selection of updated contents in the context and illustration, enabling the construction of informative texts. In this study, the “Technical manual on biosafety in the use of PPE for healthcare professionals who work on the front line in combating Covid-19” was developed, aimed at health professionals working on the front line in the fight against COVID-19. This manual will be made available in an e-book allowing the use of health professionals such as doctors, nurses, nutritionists, pharmacists, and physiotherapists.
Aplicativo móvel multiplataforma para gestão de cuidados de idosos
(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Chagas, Renata Kelen; Nuñez, Silvia Cristina
The aging of the world population has been taking place in recent decades as result of the decrease in birth rates and better health care that allows for an increase in life expectancy. Senile dementias are examples of diseases that can affect the elderly, reducing independence and self-care. With the presence of women in the labor market and the reduced number of children, the elderly must often live under the care of others who have professional experience to provide appropriate medical care, but lack of contact with the family and unfamiliarity with habits and tastes can reduce the quality of life of the elderly. Technological advances must be used to reduce the distance between families, caregivers, doctors and the elderly. The objective of this work is to develop an application for mobile devices that facilitates communication between health service providers for the elderly residing in long-stay institutions. The CuidaLife application was developed for a software operating system with input modules for registering elderly people, family members, doctors and caregivers. The developed application can be accessed through any smartphone, tablet or computer, as long as it has internet access. Its layout is responsive, that is, it adjusts according to the screen size of the equipment. The elderly registration modules were designed to allow the exchange of information about the elderly not only medical, but also including food preferences, habits that are important for daily well-being and exchange of personal photos between family and elderly. The caregivers module allows the exchange of information between caregivers' shifts, with information relevant to the care of the elderly, and the medical module allows access to health information relevant to the monitoring of the elderly. The application worked well and can represent an easy and safe way to improve the quality of life of individuals who depend on third parties for their care.
Efeito antibacteriano do óleo de girassol ozonizado em diferentes concentrações
(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Ficher, Ester; Nuñez, Silvia Cristina
The world is currently facing a crisis regarding microorganisms and microbial resistance. The evaluation of alternative antimicrobial therapies has been a constant search in recent decades. Ozonized oil can be an alternative within this field. The present study aims to analyze the antimicrobial efficacy of commercially available ozonated sunflower oil in different concentrations. A gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and the gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli were used. The microorganisms were grown in BHI broth (Brain and Heart Infusion) for 24h. Plates containing BHI agar were prepared for the inhibition halo test with a 3 mm diameter central well and contaminated with 50 µL of bacterial suspension. The wells made in the plates were filled with ozonated sunflower oil in concentrations ranging from 80 mmol-Eq / kg to 1290 mmol-Eq /. The plates were taken to the incubator at 37°C for 24h and the inhibition zone was measured with a millimeter probe, two control groups one with non-ozonated sunflower oil and one with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution were also evaluated. The results demonstrated that the efficacy for E.coli increases linearly with increasing concentration, however, only the concentrations of 702 mmol-Eq / kg and 1290 mmol-Eq / kg were significantly different (p<0.004). For S.aureus, the results showed significant differences only in the concentration of 1290 mmol-Eq / kg, but with a similar effect between the intermediate and higher concentrations (p<0.0001). The chlorhexidine group demonstrated to have a more effective action for both microorganisms under the conditions of this study (p<0.001). According to the results ozonized sunflower oil has less antimicrobial effect than chlorhexidine, the result is dependent on the concentration and only concentrations above 702 mmol-Eq / kg showed some efficacy.