Bioengenharia

URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorioacademico.universidadebrasil.edu.br/handle/123456789/31

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A relação entre a irradiação transcutânea do sangue – ILIB modificada e os níveis de cortisol salivar em cuidadores de idosos saudáveis
(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Trindade, Monaiza Moura; Baptista, Alessandra
Formal caregivers usually have exhaustive work scale that can trigger emotional changes and a decrease in the quality of life of these professionals. The use of ILIB (Intravascular Laser Irradiation of Blood) can improve the immunological activity of the blood, in addition to facilitating blood circulation and has been used in the treatment of different diseases. The aim of this study was to verify the effects of ILIB, applied transcutaneous, in relation to the levels of salivary cortisol of caregivers of formal elderly in long-term care institutions, who work during the day and night. Forty-two caregivers of formal elderly people were divided into 6 groups: Day Group (DG) (n=7); Day ILIB Group (DILIBG) (n=7); Day ILIB/placebo group (DPG) (n=7); Night Group (NG) (n=7); ILIB Night Group (NILIBG) (n=7); and Night ILIB/placebo Group (NPG) (n=7). Volunteers in the ILIB and ILIB / placebo groups received ILIB, in the radial artery region, by means of a low-power laser (Laser Duo, MMOPTICS, São Carlos, Brazil), l= 660 nm, P = 100 mW / 30 min, every other day, for 2 weeks, totaling 8 sessions of treatment/placebo, while the groups: GD and GN performed salivary collection on the day off and on the workday. All participants answered the quality of life questionnaire (QLQ) before any procedure and saliva collections for volunteers in the ILIB and ILIB/placebo groups were performed before any procedure; 24 h and 48 h after 8 treatment/placebo sessions, while the groups: DN and NG performed salivary collection on the day off and on the workday. The QLQ results did not show statistically significant differences between daytime and nighttime workers (p>0.05). Regarding cortisol quantification, the results showed statistically significant decreases (p<0.05) in salivary cortisol levels, both in the ILIB groups and in the placebo groups. Therefore, we can conclude that it was possible to measure the salivary cortisol levels of caregivers of formal elderly in long-stay institutions, who work day and night, treated or not with ILIB. However, ILIB cannot help to reduce salivary cortisol levels in caregivers of elderly people in long-term care facilities.
Análise da permeação de óleos em cabelo humano utilizando Espectroscopia Raman confocal.
(Universidade Brasil, 2024) Grassi, Liliane Trivellato; Martin, Airton Abrahão
With the different forms of hair treatments that exist today, hair suffers a lot of damage from physical and chemical procedures. So the challenge is to find oils that better permeate the hair fiber up to the inner layer, allowing protection against the aggressions promoted, as natural lipids have a protective function. Copaiba oil is a mixture of light and heavy terpenes and medium-chain fatty acids, which acts as a shine-giving agent and hair recovery agent. Andiroba oil is composed of triglycerides and saturated, monounsaturated and unsaturated fatty acids and coconut oil is composed of saturated fatty acids, giving it great potential to penetrate the hair fiber. The Raman spectroscopy technique allows identifying, with high resolution and specificity, the depth and concentration with which the oils penetrate the fiber. The study aimed to analyze the permeation of copaíba, andiroba and coconut oils in the hair fiber in human hair using the confocal Raman spectroscopy technique. Five untreated hair fibers were considered as control (CTR) and five treated fibers (TTD) for each oil tested. The treatment consisted of depositing 10 µl of the test oil on the five fibers (TTD). Raman spectra were collected before and after 30 minutes of treatment with the oils, from the surface to a depth of 40 µm, corresponding to the cuticle, cortex and medulla every 2 µm. Data pre-processing was done by removing fluorescence, followed by smoothing (Savitzky-Golay filter, grade 5) and vector normalization. After processing the data, the biochemical characterization of the oils was carried out, the marker peaks were identified and, through the calculation of the area under the curve, the permeation profile of each oil was detected. Quantification of the concentration of permeated oil showed proximity between the permeation of copaíba oil (30.14 a.u.) and coconut oil (27.85 a.u.), however, andiroba oil, despite permeating to the deepest layer (medulla), the concentration was lower (14. 09 a.u.) in relation to other oils. This study demonstrated the efficiency of copaíba, coconut and andiroba oils with regard to permeation in hair fibers, generating information for the development of products capable of permeating even the innermost layer of hair fibers, thus providing recovery of damaged hair, ensuring a healthy hair fiber.
Análise do Desempenho Laboral de Deficientes Intelectuais Inseridos em uma Rede Varejista nos Municípios de Itabuna e Ilhéus: pesquisa de campo, com abordagem investigativa de caráter qualitativo e quantitativo
(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Matos, Rebeca Rodrigues Faislon; Baptista, Alessandra
Companies seek, within a technical and human complexity, to build work processes that meet the expectations of customers who request specific quality services and adapted to their needs. The objective of this work was to evaluate the productivity and adaptability of employees with intellectual disabilities (ID) inserted in the labor market in a retail chain in the municipalities of Itabuna and Ilhéus. Twenty individuals with ID and 20 individuals without such impairment were evaluated, inserted in the organizational context as a packager. The assessments were made by managers and co-workers without intellectual commitment, in order to assess how the interpersonal relationships of these employees with ID and their contribution to the company are established, and finally an interview was conducted with employees with ID to assess the profile of these employees and the degree of satisfaction in being inserted in the labor market. The results of the managers' assessment showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) in relation to behavioral characteristics, interpersonal relationships and productivity between employees with and without ID. With regard to attendance and customer service, the managers' assessment did not show statistically significant differences between those assessed (p>0.05). The questionnaire among the peers showed that employees with ID perform well at work, in interpersonal relationships with other employees and with customers, and that the hiring of these individuals is highly regarded by society and by co-workers. And finally, the interviews with employees with ID showed that 95% of those hired with ID, by the evaluated institutions, are male and the results showed positive unanimity of employees with ID in relation to their role and the help of other employees. Therefore, we can conclude that the evaluations performed showed the relevance of the work in terms of reducing the social stigma of the employee with ID, as well as expanding the possibility of hiring these individuals.
Análise qualitativa do cortisol salivar por espectroscopia no infravermelho
(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Carvalho, Conceição de Maria Aguiar; Mendes, Thiago de Oliveira
Widely used to diagnose and monitoring of different diseases, such as Addison's disease, Parkinson's disease and stress association, the cortisol is a glucocorticoid, belonging to the steroid family has a special interest for the medical community. The present work includes the study of infrared spectrum of the cortisol molecule and performs a qualitative analysis of the level of salivary cortisol. For this, the infrared spectrum of the cortisol molecule was obtained by computational methods, based on the Theory of Functional Density, using Avogadro, Gaussian and VEDA software. The stretching of the double CO in 1744 cm-1 e 1776 cm-1 bonds as highlights as a more intense region of the infrared spectrum of the cortisol molecule. A set of ways of using major vibrators in 1776, 1744, 1664, 3824, 3688, 3064, 3096, 1440, 1248, 1120, 1296, 928 e 888 cm-1 has been suggested. The experimental spectra of the analytical standard of cortisol, artificial saliva and artificial saliva with cortisol addition was obtained in the reflectance mode with ATR accessory. The theoretical spectral profile was compared with the experimental values of the vibratory modes. Finally, an unsupervised analysis of a set of artificial saliva with and without cortisol addition evidenced as vibrational bonds in 2912, 1706 and 1642 cm-1 as vibratory markers of salivary cortisol, showing that a infrared spectroscopy can be used for evaluation qualitative analysis of salivary cortisol levels.
Aplicativo móvel multiplataforma para gestão de cuidados de idosos
(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Chagas, Renata Kelen; Nuñez, Silvia Cristina
The aging of the world population has been taking place in recent decades as result of the decrease in birth rates and better health care that allows for an increase in life expectancy. Senile dementias are examples of diseases that can affect the elderly, reducing independence and self-care. With the presence of women in the labor market and the reduced number of children, the elderly must often live under the care of others who have professional experience to provide appropriate medical care, but lack of contact with the family and unfamiliarity with habits and tastes can reduce the quality of life of the elderly. Technological advances must be used to reduce the distance between families, caregivers, doctors and the elderly. The objective of this work is to develop an application for mobile devices that facilitates communication between health service providers for the elderly residing in long-stay institutions. The CuidaLife application was developed for a software operating system with input modules for registering elderly people, family members, doctors and caregivers. The developed application can be accessed through any smartphone, tablet or computer, as long as it has internet access. Its layout is responsive, that is, it adjusts according to the screen size of the equipment. The elderly registration modules were designed to allow the exchange of information about the elderly not only medical, but also including food preferences, habits that are important for daily well-being and exchange of personal photos between family and elderly. The caregivers module allows the exchange of information between caregivers' shifts, with information relevant to the care of the elderly, and the medical module allows access to health information relevant to the monitoring of the elderly. The application worked well and can represent an easy and safe way to improve the quality of life of individuals who depend on third parties for their care.
Aplicativo móvel multiplataformas para gestão de cuidados para idosos
(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Chagas, Renata Kelen; Nunez, Silvia Cristina
The aging of the world population has been taking place in recent decades as result of the decrease in birth rates and better health care that allows for an increase in life expectancy. Senile dementias are examples of diseases that can affect the elderly, reducing independence and self-care. With the presence of women in the labor market and the reduced number of children, the elderly must often live under the care of others who have professional experience to provide appropriate medical care, but lack of contact with the family and unfamiliarity with habits and tastes can reduce the quality of life of the elderly. Technological advances must be used to reduce the distance between families, caregivers, doctors and the elderly. The objective of this work is to develop an application for mobile devices that facilitates communication between health service providers for the elderly residing in long-stay institutions. The CuidaLife application was developed for a software operating system with input modules for registering elderly people, family members, doctors and caregivers. The developed application can be accessed through any smartphone, tablet or computer, as long as it has internet access. Its layout is responsive, that is, it adjusts according to the screen size of the equipment. The elderly registration modules were designed to allow the exchange of information about the elderly not only medical, but also including food preferences, habits that are important for daily well-being and exchange of personal photos between family and elderly. The caregivers module allows the exchange of information between caregivers' shifts, with information relevant to the care of the elderly, and the medical module allows access to health information relevant to the monitoring of the elderly. The application worked well and can represent an easy and safe way to improve the quality of life of individuals who depend on third parties for their care.
Avaliação comparativa entre as técnicas All-on-four e Four-on pillars em planejamentos virtuais 3D associadas a cirurgias guiadas em maxilas atróficas
(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Maia, Marcelo do Lago Pimentel; Magalhães, Daniel Souza Ferreira
Thorough technical knowledge and anatomical understanding are critical for optimal surgical results. The difficulty of complete maxillary surgery can vary significantly depending on the complexity of the anatomy or bone defect. Guided surgery is currently a relevant option for bringing to the patient fewer surgical complications and is directly related to 3D virtual planning for the success of the case. In this work, we analyze and compare two methods of planning guided in software for the manipulation of dental implants, associated with the All-on-four (A.F.) and Four-on-pillars (F.P.) techniques used in patients with atrophic maxillae. Forty-two images of totally edentulous patients were analyzed, 30 of which were planned using ImplantViewer software for volume assessment and ImageJ software for area assessment. The volumes were acquired in a CRANEX 3D volumetric tomograph model from the Soredex brand. In each planning, the height and width of the bone remnant was used as guidance and the implants were installed virtually. The average area of the Four on-pillars technique was 4.9x (p<0.0001) greater than the average area with the All on-four technique, this represents a difference of 489%, which in the same force applied by the jaw we have a 4.9x lower pressure, that is, a better distribution of forces on the jaws. It was not possible to notice a statistical difference between the success proportions (p=0.2542), showing that the techniques have a non-different (similar) success proportion. We conclude that the area formed in the Four-on-pillars surgical planning is larger than in the All-on-four planning and also that there is no technique with successful advantages over another, therefore the Four-on-pillars technique becomes an excellent option as a treatment for atrophic jaws.
Avaliação comparativa entre as técnicas All-on-four e Four-onpillars em planejamentos virtuais 3D associadas a cirurgias guiadas em maxilas atróficas
(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Maia, Marcelo do Lago Pimentel; Magalhães, Daniel Souza Ferreira
Thorough technical knowledge and anatomical understanding are critical for optimal surgical results. The difficulty of complete maxillary surgery can vary significantly depending on the complexity of the anatomy or bone defect. Guided surgery is currently a relevant option for bringing to the patient fewer surgical complications and is directly related to 3D virtual planning for the success of the case. In this work, we analyze and compare two methods of planning guided in software for the manipulation of dental implants, associated with the All-on-four (A.F.) and Four-on-pillars (F.P.) techniques used in patients with atrophic maxillae. Forty-two images of totally edentulous patients were analyzed, 30 of which were planned using ImplantViewer software for volume assessment and ImageJ software for area assessment. The volumes were acquired in a CRANEX 3D volumetric tomograph model from the Soredex brand. In each planning, the height and width of the bone remnant was used as guidance and the implants were installed virtually. The average area of the Fouron-pillars technique was 4.9x (p<0.0001) greater than the average area with the Allon-four technique, this represents a difference of 489%, which in the same force applied by the jaw we have a 4.9x lower pressure, that is, a better distribution of forces on the jaws. It was not possible to notice a statistical difference between the success proportions (p=0.2542), showing that the techniques have a non-different (similar) success proportion. We conclude that the area formed in the Four-on-pillars surgical planning is larger than in the All-on-four planning and also that there is no technique with successful advantages over another, therefore the Four-on-pillars technique becomes an excellent option as a treatment for atrophic jaws.
Avaliação da descontaminação de máscaras de proteção facial utilizando radiação UV-C
(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Mota, Mara Soares de Almeida; Navarro, Ricardo Scarparo; Baptista, Alessandra
Infectious respiratory diseases (IRD) are predominantly transmitted by airborne droplets or aerosols between people with close interactions. IRDs have a high rate of mortality and transmission between populations. The use of face protection masks (FPM) are effective in reducing the transmission of IRDs. Different methods are used for surface decontamination. The physical method of decontamination with UV-C radiation has shown effective results in different areas. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate FPM decontamination using UV-C radiation. Quadrangular samples from the masks were contaminated with a suspension of 108 CFU/ml of E. coli, in exponential phase, with the aid of a spray bottle inside the laminar flow. Three types of masks were evaluated (n=9): Tricoline (cotton) (T), Surgical (S) and N95 (N) at different times of UV-C irradiation, with portable SURFACE UV® equipment (MMOptics, São Carlos, Brazil, ƛ= 254 nm), the distance of 1 cm from the surface of the samples, scanning mode, at times of 30s, 45s and 60 s. To evaluate the microbial reduction, the samples were immersed in a test tube containing sterile saline solution, submitted to mechanical agitation for microbial recovery, and subsequently performed serial dilutions in the order of 1:10. Aliquots of the suspensions were seeded on Mueller Hinton agar for final microbial counts. The experiment was carried out in triplicate. All data were analyzed for their distribution by the Shapiro-Wilk test. Parametric data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey test. Nonparametric data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon test (p< 0.05). The study showed that UV-C radiation promoted effective decontamination of different models of FPM contaminated with E. coli. In Tricoline and Surgical the microbial reduction was observed in the time of 30 s and total decontamination in the times of 45 s and 60 s. In N95, total decontamination was observed at all irradiation times. The type of face protection mask influenced the effects of UV-C. The UV-C irradiation from 30 s onwards reduced the microbial load and from 45 s onwards promoted total decontamination in all types of masks tested.
Avaliação da efetividade da genotipagem na triagem da infecção pelo Papilomavírus Humano (HPV) – Análise de resultados
(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Freitas, Giulia Pinheiro de; Zonta, Marco Antonio; Nunez, Silvia Cristina
Cervical cancer is a serious public health problem and is directly associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide and has a high potential to evolve into malignancy, when arising from persistent and recurrent infections by types of high oncogenic potential. The main objective of this study is to evaluate a primary screening model for HPV infection based on the detection of viral DNA through the molecular microarray technique and to evaluate the main genotypes expressed, in order to establish a well-defined relationship between the incidence of high- oncotic potential with the presence of cytological alterations. This is a retrospective observational study analyzing the database of the Inside Diagnostics, Research and Development S.A laboratory, in São Paulo, in which the results of 1951 patients who underwent the HPV genotyping exam and oncotic cytology concomitantly, in the period from January to December 2022. The prevalence of HPV infection in the study population was 19.99%, with high-risk HPV infection being the most frequently found, present in 61.53% of cases. Genotype 16 (21.51%) was the most common among high-risk infections and type 54 (21.02%) the most common in low-risk HPV infections. HPV infections were more commonly observed in patients who presented lesions on cytology and the absence of infection by this virus was more common in patients with normal and inflammatory cytology. However, the presence of HPV was identified in 13.55% of cases with normal cytology. HPV genotyping is of paramount importance for the fight against cervical neoplasia, since this methodology makes it possible to assess the risk of developing precursor lesions and cervical cancer, anticipating the appearance of cervical lesions in up to ten years, therefore, it is essential to integrate this technique to cytological examinations. In addition, the identification of predominant genotypes in the precursor lesions that precede the oncogenic state allows drawing an epidemiological profile in order to increase the effectiveness of prevention and health promotion actions related to cervical cancer.
Avaliação da eficácia da auriculoterapia a laser para tratamento de falta de olfato e paladar Pós-COVID-19: relatos de casos
(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Silva, Aline Roman Lima; Barros, Amanda Farage Frade; Navarro, Ricardo Scarparo
COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the new coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The most common symptoms are: fever, dry cough, tiredness, muscle aches, sore throat, headache, nasal congestion, conjunctivitis, rashes, loss of smell and/or taste (anosmia and/or ageusia). The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of laser in acuriculotherapy to treat patients with COVID-19 who presented with anosmia and/or ageusia. In this project to establish a clinical protocol, volunteers (n=12) with a rapid test or PCR test for COVID-19, treated, aged over 18 years, both genders, who had post-COVID-19 anosmia as sequelae, participated in this project. and/or ageusia. The volunteers were treated in the laser auriculotherapy group (ATL, n=6) or in the traditional auriculotherapy control group (ATT, n=6), once a week, for 10 weeks, totaling 10 sessions. In the ATL group, using portable low power diode laser equipment (Laser Duo®, MMOptics, São Carlos, Brazil), semiconductor diode active medium (GaAlAs and InGaAlP), with emission in the infrared wavelength (808 nm), energy of 3 J, fixed power of 100 mW, tip area of 0.03 cm2, dose of 100 J/cm2, time of 30 s in contact with the skin at each acupoint. In the ATT group using rapeseed or mustard fixed by adhesive tape, both groups in the points: SHEN MEN, KIDNEY, SYMPATHETIC, TONGUE, MOUTH, EXTERNAL NOSE, INTERNAL NOSE/PHARYNX, HEART AND LUNGS. They answered the clinical evaluation form and quality of life questionnaires (SF36) in the first and last session. Odor and taste tests composed of sweet, salty, sour, bitter and spicy foods were applied from a questionnaire with the “Likert” scale before and after each session. The ATL group, in the analysis of the mental health parameter related to the SF36, showed a statistically significant difference (p< 0.05) and it was possible to observe improvements in smell and taste of bitter and sour foods after treatment. The ATT group showed significant improvements regarding smell and salty taste. The treatments promoted an improvement and general well-being in the volunteers in both evaluated groups, and in the laser group it was possible to observe better statistically significant results. Laser auriculotherapy has the advantage of being a non-pharmacological, painless therapy with minimal side effects.
Avaliação da fototerapia com diferentes comprimentos de onda no tratamento da Alopécia androgenética
(Universidade Brasil, 2024) SILVA, Leandro Ferreira da; BAPTISTA, Alessandra
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a hair dysfunction that promotes the transformation of terminal hairs into vellus hairs and consequent baldness. Phototherapy (FT) uses light, usually laser or LED, to stimulate, heal and/or regenerate damaged tissues and has been identified as a safe and promising resource for the treatment of AGA. The purpose of this study is to compare different wavelengths in the treatment of AGA. 10 volunteers were selected, randomly divided into 2 groups: Red Light Group (GLV, n=5) and Blue Light Group (GLA, n=5). The groups received point irradiation (4J/point), respectively, with the Venus equipment (MMOptics, São Carlos, Brazil), GLV (l= 660nm, P= 100 mW, for 40 s) and GLA (l= 440 nm, P = 150 mW, for 26.6 s). The interventions were carried out once a week, for 90 days, totaling 12 treatment sessions. The emergence of new hairs was analyzed by comparing the photographic record before any intervention (T1) and at the end of treatment (T2). The relationship between vellus threads and terminal threads was analyzed by trichoscopy with polarized light, before and at the end of treatment. A specific quality of life assessment questionnaire for androgenetic alopecia (Women's Androgenetic Alopecia Quality of Life Questionnaire -WAA-QoL) before and after the end of the interventions. The results showed that both red light and blue light, in the parameters tested in this study, led to an increase in the number of terminal strands after treatment (p< 0.05), which allowed a reduction in the central parting of the treated hair. The evaluation of the WAA-QoL questionnaire showed a lower percentage of responses with a higher degree of dissatisfaction after both treatments. Therefore, we can conclude that the use of phototherapy is an effective therapeutic resource in the treatment of AGA with red or blue light, in the parameters tested in this study.
Avaliação da integridade estrutural por modelos computacionais de ossos humanos através de imagens de Microtomografia Periférica de Alta Resolução – HRpQCT
(Universidade Brasil, 2024) Cerqueira, Jones Salustiano de; Silva, Alessandro Márcio Hakme da; Magalhães, Daniel Souza Ferreira
Changes in bone mineral density (BMD) directly compromise bone quality, increasing the risk of fragility and fractures. This study investigated the effects of changes in BMD on bone microarchitecture and mechanical integrity, using volumetric parameters obtained by microtomography. The objective was to evaluate the structural and functional differences between bone samples with normal and altered BMD. The methods involved obtaining high-resolution three-dimensional images to quantify mineral density, porosity, cortical and trabecular thickness, in addition to mechanical stiffness. It was possible to quantify BMD differences in trabecular and cortical density, increased porosity and significant decrease in structural rigidity in samples with altered BMD. It is concluded that microtomography is an effective tool for identifying structural changes associated with BMD loss, with relevant implications for diagnoses and clinical interventions.
Avaliação da razão dímero/monômero nas formulações comerciais de Azul de Metileno empregados na terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana.
(Universidade Brasil, 2024) Campos, Rosimari Mariano de; Nunes, Silvia Cristina
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been extensively studied in dentistry as an effective approach for treating localized infections, including periodontal and endodontic infections. Among the available photosensitizers (PS), methylene blue (MB) stands out as a widely recognized option in scientific literature due to its photodynamic efficiency. This efficiency, however, is directly influenced by the proportion of dimeric and monomeric forms of MB, which are significantly affected by the ionic interactions present in the solution, thereby impacting the PS's performance in photodynamic applications. This study employed spectroscopic methods to evaluate different commercial formulations of MB intended for aPDT in dentistry, comparing them with analytical-grade MB. The analyzed formulations included various commercial presentations, such as liquid solution, gel, lollipop, and laboratory prepared aqueous solution. The investigated concentrations ranged from 0.005% (w/v) to 0.01% (w/v), corresponding to 156.3 µM and 312.5 µM, respectively. The results revealed significant spectroscopic variations compared to the analytical-grade MB standard, with a marked trend toward the predominance of the dimeric form in almost all evaluated commercial formulations. This predominance of the dimeric form suggests a favoring of Type I photochemical reactions, which may be particularly relevant for antimicrobial efficacy. The study highlights the importance of optimizing commercial MB formulations to maximize their clinical efficiency in aPDT, especially in scenarios where antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges. Furthermore, the findings contribute to the advancement of identifying more effective formulations, offering a promising alternative for managing dental infections and expanding the therapeutic arsenal available for antimicrobial treatments.
Avaliação da razão dímero/monômero nas formulações comerciais de azul de metileno empregados na terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana
(Universidade Brasil, 2024) CAMPOS, Rosimari Mariano de; NUNEZ, Silvia Cristina
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been extensively studied in dentistry as an effective approach for treating localized infections, including periodontal and endodontic infections. Among the available photosensitizers (PS), methylene blue (MB) stands out as a widely recognized option in scientific literature due to its photodynamic efficiency. This efficiency, however, is directly influenced by the proportion of dimeric and monomeric forms of MB, which are significantly affected by the ionic interactions present in the solution, thereby impacting the PS's performance in photodynamic applications. This study employed spectroscopic methods to evaluate different commercial formulations of MB intended for aPDT in dentistry, comparing them with analytical-grade MB. The analyzed formulations included various commercial presentations, such as liquid solution, gel, lollipop, and laboratory- prepared aqueous solution. The investigated concentrations ranged from 0.005% (w/v) to 0.01% (w/v), corresponding to 156.3 μM and 312.5 μM, respectively. The results revealed significant spectroscopic variations compared to the analytical-grade MB standard, with a marked trend toward the predominance of the dimeric form in almost all evaluated commercial formulations. This predominance of the dimeric form suggests a favoring of Type I photochemical reactions, which may be particularly relevant for antimicrobial efficacy. The study highlights the importance of optimizing commercial MB formulations to maximize their clinical efficiency in aPDT, especially in scenarios where antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges. Furthermore, the findings contribute to the advancement of identifying more effective formulations, offering a promising alternative for managing dental infections and expanding the therapeutic arsenal available for antimicrobial treatments.
Avaliação de equipamento portátil na desinfecção rápida de diferentes tipos de máscaras faciais
(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Souza, Helen Patrícia de Oliveira Duarte; Baptista, Alessandra
The use of masks to minimize environmental transmission of pathogens has been one of the main strategies to protect health professionals and the general population in times of airway-transmitted diseases. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the efficacy of ultraviolet light (UV-C), with different exposure times, in microbial reduction in diverse types of face masks: tricoline, surgical and N95. The masks were contaminated with 108 UFC/mL suspension of Staphylococcus aureus, with the aid of a spray and submitted to UV-C light exposure, by means of portable equipment (254 nm). Irradiation was performed at 1 cm from the samples, in sweep mode, for 30 s, 45 s and 60 s. To evaluate microbial reduction, pieces of the masks, about 1 cm2 were placed in a test tube containing sterile saline solution and submitted to mechanical agitation, before and after disinfection procedures. To facilitate the final counting, serial dilutions were performed in the order of 1:10, and 10 µL of the suspensions were seeded in Mueller Hinton agar for the final microbial count. All data were analyzed on its distribution using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Parametric data were analyzed using the ANOVA test, followed by the Tukey test. Non-parametric data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by the Wilcoxon test. The significance level was considered for p<0.05. The use of UV-C radiation promoted effective microbial reduction in face protection masks, contaminated with S. aureus, in the three models of face protection masks tested in this study (p>0.05) and even 60 s of irradiation was more effective in all types of masks. However, the types of face protection masks evaluated in this study did not influence the effectiveness of disinfection promoted by irradiation with UV-C light, at any irradiation time tested (p<0.05). Therefore, we can conclude that the use of UV-C radiation can promote effective microbial reduction in face protection masks, contaminated with S. aureus, in the three models of masks tested in this study: Tricoline, Surgical and N95, and the microbial reduction is density of dependent energy.
Avaliação do conhecimento sobre fotobiomodulação dos fisioterapeutas no Brasil
(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Arruda Neto, Euler; Nunez, Silvia Cristina
Physiotherapy is the profession that assesses, rehabilitates, prevents, recovers, as well as restores, develops, and conserves the individual's capacity through physical resources such as ultrasound, heat and light. Electrophysical resources are described and recommended in undergraduate courses and among these we find the use of low power lasers. Brazil is one of the countries with the most publications in the world in the area known as Photobiomodulation (PBM), however, it is not clear the access that physiotherapy clinicians have to the advances obtained in scientific research. The purpose of this study is to verify, through an electronic form, the knowledge of physical therapists enrolled in class councils about PBM in daily practice. An electronic questionnaire Google Form was developed, and it was sent by email, WhatsApp social networks, SMS, and printed forms were also distributed. The distribution started in the region of Goiás and the Federal District with the support of CREFITO 11 and then expanded to other regions. In total 106 physiotherapists answered the questionnaire. Of these 50% used lasers in the clinic, while 10.4% had never used lasers. After obtaining the data and according to the responses obtained, we observed 50% that physiotherapy professionals. 81.4% said they did not use it because they did not have the equipment and 10.2% indicated the cost as a reason for not using it. Among the participants, 62.3% said they had not made any updates in the area in the last 3 years and of those who said they had updated the courses up to 1 hour in duration were the majority. 76.5% also never calibrated their equipment and 45.7% said they used the protocols they learned at graduation. Based on the results, we conclude that there is a need for greater dissemination of the scientific knowledge obtained in the field of PBM in physical therapy so that the advances are effectively passed on to professionals who work clinically in the area.
Avaliação do conhecimento sobre fotobiomodulação dos fisioterapeutas no Brasil
(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Arruda Neto, Euler; Nuñez, Silvia Cristina
Physiotherapy is the profession that assesses, rehabilitates, prevents, recovers, as well as restores, develops, and conserves the individual's capacity through physical resources such as ultrasound, heat and light. Electrophysical resources are described and recommended in undergraduate courses and among these we find the use of low power lasers. Brazil is one of the countries with the most publications in the world in the area known as Photobiomodulation (PBM), however, it is not clear the access that physiotherapy clinicians have to the advances obtained in scientific research. The purpose of this study is to verify, through an electronic form, the knowledge of physical therapists enrolled in class councils about PBM in daily practice. An electronic questionnaire Google Form was developed, and it was sent by email, WhatsApp social networks, SMS, and printed forms were also distributed. The distribution started in the region of Goiás and the Federal District with the support of CREFITO 11 and then expanded to other regions. In total 106 physiotherapists answered the questionnaire. Of these 50% used lasers in the clinic, while 10.4% had never used lasers. After obtaining the data and according to the responses obtained, we observed 50% that physiotherapy professionals. 81.4% said they did not use it because they did not have the equipment and 10.2% indicated the cost as a reason for not using it. Among the participants, 62.3% said they had not made any updates in the area in the last 3 years and of those who said they had updated the courses up to 1 hour in duration were the majority. 76.5% also never calibrated their equipment and 45.7% said they used the protocols they learned at graduation. Based on the results, we conclude that there is a need for greater dissemination of the scientific knowledge obtained in the field of PBM in physical therapy so that the advances are effectively passed on to professionals who work clinically in the area.
Avaliação dos efeitos da auriculoterapia e auriculoterapia a laser no tratamento das alterações de olfato e paladar pós Covid-19 - estudo clínico
(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Oliveira, Andreia de; Navarro, Ricardo Scarparo; Baptista, Alessandra
COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the new coronavirus, also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). There are characteristic systemic changes during the disease process, and post-COVID-19, called long COVID, we can highlight the sensory changes in smell and taste that directly interfere with individuals' quality of life. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of auriculotherapy (AT) and laser auriculotherapy (LAT) in the treatment of post-COVID- 19 changes in smell and taste. After approval by the CEP (5,357,603), acceptance and signing of the TCLE by the participants, with a positive PCR exam or self-test for COVID-19, treated, aged over 18 years, of both sexes, were randomly divided into groups : G1 (AT) (n=12) AT with mustard seeds; G2 (LAT) (n= 12) AT with low power laser (Laser Duo, MMOptics, São Carlos, Brazil) (808 nm, 3 J, 100 mW, 30 s, tip area 0.03 cm2, 3.33 W/cm2, 100 J/cm2); G3 (LAT placebo) (n= 12) LAT as in group 2, with a barrier at the exit of the laser beam emission; G4 (LAT tip) (n= 12) as in group 2, using acupuncture tip (808 nm, 3 J, 100 mW, 30 s, tip area 0.07 cm2, 1.43 W/cm2, 42.9 J/cm2) (MMOptics, São Carlos, Brazil). In all groups, AT was performed in contact with the skin on the ear at different acupoints (Shen Men, Kidney, Sympathetic, Tongue, Mouth, External Nose, Internal Nose/Pharynx, Heart, Lung), once a week, totaling 10 sessions. Participants were evaluated by anamnesis, Sensory Assessment Tests (SAT) of Smell and Taste before and after each session. The results showed for SAT smell and taste in the intragroup analysis in G1-AT, G2-LAT and G4-LAT tip there was a significant difference before and after treatments (p<0.05), in G3-LAT placebo smell there was no difference for sweet and salty (p>0.05) and there was a difference for bitter, sour, spicy (p>0.05); in G3-LAT placebo taste there was no significant difference (p>0.05) for all variables. For the intergroup analysis for SAT smell and taste: between the auriculotherapy groups (G1 AT, G2 LAT, G4 LAT tip) and G3 LAT placebo there were significant differences (p<0.05), between the auriculotherapy groups they were no differences (p>0.05) and the treatments promoted an effective increase in smell and taste values (p<0.05), the G3 LAT placebo group presented lower results than the treatments groups. It can be concluded that auriculotherapy and laser auriculotherapy were effective in treating changes in smell and taste after COVID-19; the different modalities of auriculotherapy - AT, LAT, LAT tip promoted recovery of smell and taste, with no differences between treatments; there were no placebo effects, the study proposes new therapeutic protocols of auriculotherapy and laser auriculotherapy in the treatment of changes in smell and taste after COVID-19; no side effects, non- pharmacological, non-invasive, painless, with greater patient acceptability.
Avaliação dos efeitos da desinfecção química e com radiação ultravioleta na estabilidade dimensional de diferentes materiais de moldagem odontológicos
(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Santos Neto, Antonio Vinicios dos; Navarro, Ricardo Scarparo
The disinfection of molds obtained with dental impression materials is within the biosafety protocols, in the control of cross-infection of microorganisms in dental offices, prosthesis laboratories, professionals and patients, being currently the target of greater attention due to the pandemic of COVID-19, with the implementation of alternative disinfection protocols and methods. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of disinfection by ultraviolet radiation and chemical disinfection on dimensional stability of different dental molding materials. Acrylic resin mannequin molds with irreversible hydrocolloidal materials (alginate) (n = 25) and elastomer (condensation silicone) (n = 25) were used with different disinfection methods (n = 5): G1- negative control: no treatment, G2- Glutaraldehyde 2% (10 min), G3- Sodium hypochlorite 1% (10 min), G4- UV-C radiation (λ = 254 nm) (30 s), G5- Autoclave (positive control) (15 min). The molds after the treatments were cast with special plaster. After 24 h, the plaster models were measured by a calibrated, blinded researcher, with a caliper in determined places on the upper first molar: mesio-distal (MD-O) and vestibulo-lingual (VL-O) and buccal cervical-occlusal face (CV-B) and mesio-distal (MD-V). The data were tabulated and analyzed using the statistical tests of Kolmogorov-Smirnov, ANOVA one-way and Tukey tests (p <0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the linear values of plaster models between chemical (Glutaraldehyde 2%, sodium hypochlorite 1%) and physical (UV-C radiation) disinfection methods with the control (p> 0.05), the autoclave showed a significant difference in relation to the control and the different methods of disinfection (p <0.05) with greater dimensional change for both impression materials. It can be concluded that the methods of chemical disinfection (Glutaraldehyde 2%, Sodium hypochlorite 1%) and physical (UV-C radiation) maintained the dimensional stability of the dental impression materials alginate and elastomer (condensation silicone).