Ciências Ambientais
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorioacademico.universidadebrasil.edu.br/handle/123456789/32
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Impacto do desassoreamento nos recursos hídricos de reservatório de importância socioturística em Fernandópolis-SP(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Ramos, Elise Baroni; Vanzela, Sergio; Menegasso, Cleber FernandoDesilting is an important work in reservoir’s recovery, however, even if temporary, it disturbs the environment and can become a process of potential pollution in water resources. The objective was to evaluate the silt excavation operation impact in an important sociotouristic reservoir in Fernandópolis-SP. For this purpose, qualitative water variables were monitored, and the evolution of the service was accompanied. Completely randomized experimental design in 2 x 3 x 4 factorial scheme was used, and the main effects were runoff periods (with and without runoff), the level of second were excavation periods (before, during and after) and the level of third were monitoring points (points upstream E1, E2 and E3 and point S downstream, in relation to the reservoir). 100 water samples were collected, in a total of 25 biweekly/monthly sampling campaigns, and 13 aerial drone surveys were carried out between July 2020 and March 2022. To evaluate the qualitative water variables, analysis of variance was performed for the analyzed effects, followed by the mean comparison test. To evaluate the excavation progress effect, the Pearson correlation test was performed, followed by regression analysis. It was observed that the dynamics of sediment removal presented two distinct periods, which terrain instability, associated with precipitated rainfall, reduced the operational yield by 59.6%. During the desilting work, there was negative impact in the ammonium and ammonia concentration, increasing the averages by 154.1% and 151.9%, respectively. The excavation dynamics correlated only with water conductivity, resulting in an expected average increment of 1 µScm-1 for every 175 m3 removed. Considering those results and the reservoir historical, landscape, cultural and tourist importance, the desilting operation was adequate. However, it is necessary to carry out restoration and maintenance works in the reservoir contribution basin to minimize future problems with siltation.Item Estudo para implantação de estado compacta de esgoto sanitário(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Martins, Noelen Muriel Doimo Prado; Pinheiro, Juliana Heloisa Pinê AméricoThe correct destination and treatment of effluents generated in homes, businesses, industries, and rural areas is a potential sanitation problem. The solutions available for this adversity consist of collection and treatment systems managed by municipalities and city halls, own systems such as septic tanks and, in the absence of resources or negligence of the public power and/or the waste generator, there is the discharge of sewage directly into the soil and water courses. The objective of this work was to present a model of a compact sewage treatment plant (ECTE) composed of septic tanks in lines, reactor and anaerobic filter with ascending flow and fixed bed, flow divider boxes, disinfection unit and gas filter; and preparing and publishing a Technical Manual for the Implementation of a Compact Sewage Treatment Station. The ECTE project presented was developed by the technical team of the Basic Sanitation Company of the State of São Paulo (SABESP) and given by the responsible engineer to Universidade Brasil to use it as a model and implement it in the Fernandópolis Campus. For the development of this work, a bibliographic review was carried out seeking research in the areas of sanitation for the basis of the preparation of the technical manual, the ECTE of the district of Onda Branca - SP and its documentation made available by SABESP was also used as a reference. The images and flowcharts developed to illustrate the manual were created on the CANVA website. The technical manual received an ISBN registration and will be distributed free of charge, intended for professionals in the areas of sanitation, engineering or related areas and people interested in implementation of ECTE in order to solve the lack of access to public sewage collection and treatment systems. ECTE is intended to serve small population centers and must be licensed by the relevant environmental agencies and can only be used for the treatment of domestic effluents. ECTE presents efficiency results within the required regulatory parameters and proves that the developed system is technically, economically, and environmentally sustainable.Item Simulação temporal e espacial do aporte de sedimentos em bacia agrícola no município de Fernandópolis-SP = simulation of time and space sediment aporte in agricultural bowl on county Fernandópolis-SP(Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco, 2015) Siqueira, Elaine Cristina; Vanzela, Luiz SergioItem Projeto de ocupação dos fundos de vale no perímetro urbano de Fernandópolis/SP = proposal for occupation of the valley bottoms in the urban perimeter of Fernandópolis/SP(Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco, 2015) Corrêa, Ricardo Henrique Alves; Vazquez, Gisele HerbstItem O descarte de medicamentos e a percepção dos danos ao Meio ambiente pela população de Frutal - MG(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Heitor, Camilla Cortes Carvalho; Pinheiro, Juliana Heloisa Pinê AméricoThe increase in the production and consumption of medicines associated with their incorrect disposal can compromise human and environmental health. This research aimed to evaluate household disposal of medicines and perception of damage to the environment by the population of Frutal - MG, Brazil. As a methodology, a questionnaire was created via Google Forms (free and free platform) with multiple choice questions about age group; sex; income; schooling; disposal of packaging, medication, expired drugs; return to pharmacies; storage; knowledge of the population about damage to the environment. The study made it possible to achieve an inference of 3.20% confidence and 99% reliability within the collected sample. The questionnaire was answered by 1,561 people in the municipality. The results showed that the prevalent age group was between 18 and 29 years old (32.9%). They observed that 70.5% of the answers were female, income of 1 to 2 wages (27.3%), most with higher education (27.8%); 92.7% of the population makes the incorrect disposal and only 7.3% they do it properly; 62.7% of people said they caused damage to the soil by improperly disposing of drugs, 62.3% caused damage to water, 47.5% damage to health and the population and 1.7% there is no contamination when improperly disposing of medicines. They concluded that the population demonstrated understanding about the damage caused to the environment in relation to incorrect disposal, but an intervention is necessary mainly on how to do this disposal properlyItem Qualidade da água de chuva no município de Fernandópolis – São Paulo(Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco, 2014) Martins, Douglas Costa; Sanches, Andrea CristianeItem CF-SPEED 20 - medidor de velocidade de escoamento em canais por diferencial de pressão(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Andrade Júnior, Jales; Vanzela, Luiz SérgioThe river basins developments are very important for the water cycle, the entry of water is through precipitation, while the exit occurs through runoff and evapotranspiration. This flow can be monitored by means of probabilistic calculations and precision algorithms. In streams and rivers, flow monitoring is carried out by various methods and techniques, such as hydrometric windlass, gutters, acoustic doppler or even methods with floats. Today with the new technologies, the importance of technological innovation has become something important, thinking about it, the present work aims to develop a device for measuring flow velocity in channels by means of pressure, called CF-SPEED 20. The meter it was developed at Universidade Brasil - Campus Fernandópolis and consists of sensors (pressure), digital amplifier modules (HX711) and memory card, connected to the Arduino platform. The structure where the sensors and electronic circuits are located was built using low cost material and the plastic base. To provide greater balance and accuracy during measurement, a bubble level T-shape was installed on the upper part of the structure. In five tests performed by the CF-SPEED 20, flow velocity data was collected and stored in a given stretch of the stream, allowing calculate the amount of water passing through that location. The calibration of the CF-SPEED 20 was performed by regression, with one variable being the flow rate measured by the hydrometric reel and the variable with the voltage difference measured in the pressure sensors. The results obtained from the calibration of the sensors and the application of the meter, show an excellent reliability in obtaining data of the flow velocity. It can be concluded that the CF-SPEED 20 meter is functional to capture the flow velocity using the differential pressure and at a low cost.Item Maquete de bacia hidrográfica aplicada ao ensino da matemática associada a educação ambiental.(Universidade Brasil, 2017) Miguelão, Marcelo da Silva; Vanzela, Luiz Sérgio