Engenharia Biomédica
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorioacademico.universidadebrasil.edu.br/handle/123456789/33
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Síntese, determinação estrutural, análise dos orbitais naturais de ligação e estudo espectroscópico vibracional e eletrônico do composto de coordenação BIS (Dietilditiocarbamato) Ferro(II) [Fe(DDTC)2].(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Télles Zepeda, Claudio Andrés; Pessoa, Rodrigo SávioWe performed the synthesis, computational molecular modeling and vibrational/electronic spectroscopic analysis of the coordination complex Iron(II) Bis(Diethyldithiocarbamate) [Fe(DDTC)2]. The optimization of the molecular structure was performed using Density Functional Theory with the functional B3LYP and basis set 6-311G(d,p). The experimental FT-IR and Raman spectra of the complex were recorded in the range 4000 – 0 cm-1, in order to correlate them with the calculated spectra. Most of the DFT calculated frequencies were found to agree with the experimental results. In order to investigate the internal electronic mobility of the complex, we performed the natural bond orbital analysis (NBO), which provides information regarding intramolecular charge transfer interactions that result from the overlapping of bonding and antibonding orbitals, as well as information about the electronic distribution between the HOMO and LUMO orbitals due to charge transfers. We also correlated the calculated and experimental UV-Vis spectra in order to investigate the configurations of several excited states of the complex that involve intra-ligand transitions. The results corroborate the existence of several Ligand to Metal and and Metal to Ligand charge transfer transitions, as well as metal-centered d-d transitions.Item Uso da Ozonioterapia em fungos causadores de Onicomicoses: estudo in vitro(Universidade Brasil, 2024) Del Castilo, Denise Vivianni Ferreira; Assis, Lívia; Tim, Carla Roberta: Onychomycosis is a common fungal infection of the nails, predominantly caused by dermatophytes such as Trichophyton rubrum (T. rubrum) and Microsporum gypseum (M. gypseum) and is a notoriously difficult condition to treat. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate and compare, in vitro, the effectiveness of different times of ozone therapy on the main fungi that cause onychomycosis. Dermatophyte fungi T. rubrum (ATCC 28188) and M. gypseum (ATCC 24102) were incubated at 28° C for 14 days. Subsequently, the fungi were divided into 9 experimental groups according to the experimental time: Control Group (CG): the fungi were cultivated and did not receive any treatment; Cultivated fungi and received ozone therapy for a time of 2 min (G2”); 4 min (G4”); 6 min (G6”); 8 min (G8”); 10 min (G10”); 12 min (G12”); 14 min (G14”) and 16 min (G16”). The ozone concentration used was 2 µg/mL, oxygen flow of 1/4 L/min and applied dosages of 157, 314, 451, 628, 785, 943, 1100 and 1257 mg/m2, respectively. The main results show that the use of topical ozone therapy was effective in reducing the germination percentage of T. rubrum and M. gypseum in all experimental periods, presenting complete eradication with a treatment time of 6 min for T. rubrum and 14 min for M. gypseum. In conclusion, ozone therapy used topically, with emphasis on the treatment time of 6 min for T. rubrum (628 mg/m2) and 14 min (1257 mg/m2) for M. gypseum, promoted antifungal action on the main dermatophytes responsible for critical complications of onychomycosis, and may be proposed as a adjuvant in dermatological treatments.Item Efeitos agudos da fotobiomodulação sobre variáveis respiratórias e a capacidade funcional em tabagistas e ex-tabagistas: ensaio clínico randomizado, triplo-cego e placebo controlado(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Macedo, Thaline; Ferraresi, CleberIntroduction: Smoking, in addition to affecting the functionality of the respiratory muscles, can increase resistance to airflow and reduce the individual's functional capacity, impairing their quality of life. Photobiomodulation (FBM) has gained prominence for being an effective resource in promoting the improvement of muscle performance in athletes and in the face of some diseases. However, studies on the acute effects of FBM on respiratory variables and functional capacity in smokers and ex-smokers are scarce in the literature. Objectives: To evaluate the acute effects of FBM applied to respiratory muscles, on lung function and respiratory muscle strength. Material and methods: A randomized, crossover, triple blind and placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted. 16 volunteers participated in the study, 10 smokers and 06 ex-smokers. All volunteers were randomly subjected to two intervention sessions: 1) an effective FBM session applied to the region of the main respiratory muscles through a cluster of 69 LEDs (light-emitting diodes) with a total power of 690 mW and energy total of 62 Joules, containing 35 LEDs in the red range (630 ± 10 nm; 10 mW; 0.2 cm2; 31.5 J) and 34 LEDs in the infrared range (830 ± 20 nm; 10 mW; 0.2 cm2; 30.6 J); irradiation time in each treatment region was 90 seconds. 2) a placebo FBM session, in which the same procedures as the effective session were followed, but the equipment did not emit light. All volunteers were assessed at 3 times: 1) pre intervention, 2) 1 hour after the intervention and 3) 24 hours after the intervention. A one-week washout was performed between the FBM and placebo sessions. All volunteers underwent pulmonary function assessment using spirometry, thoracoabdominal mobility using axillary, xiphoid and abdominal levels. In the post intervention moments, functional capacity was also assessed using the 6-minute walk test. For data analysis, a 5% significance level was adopted. Results: There were no significant differences for any of the variables of spirometric outcome, cirtometry and 6MWT minutes (p> 0.05) in the comparison between groups. Conclusion: the main results of this study showed that a single FBM session with the parameters used, applied to the respiratory muscles was not effective in improving lung function, respiratory muscle strength, thoracoabdominal mobility and functional capacity in smokers and ex-smokers.Item Efeito do selante de fibrina heterólogo associado ao exercício aquático no processo de reparo tendíneo em ratas(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Hidd, Silvia Maria Cardoso Magalhães; Amaral, Marcelo Magri; Tim, Carla RobertaAcute rupture of the calcaneus tendon is a very common type of injury, its increasing is generally related to sports practices. Its treatment is a controversial topic, involving several methods, conservative and surgical. These techniques can trigger problems that harms their complete regeneration. Currently, several studies have been carried out looking for new therapies to provide a low-cost fast tissue repair and reduced negative effects on population health conditions. Among different approaches, biomaterials have presented an excellent alternative for this regeneration process. Fibrin sealant derived from snake venom (SFDVS) has been used successfully in different surgical methods, both in animal’s and humans’ models, due to its hemostatic and adhesive potential. Aquatic exercise is one of the therapeutic strategies for rehabilitation, it consists of physical exercises to improve muscle properties, helping to reduce pain and edema, stimulating the repair process. Thus, the present study aimed to value the use of SFDVS associated or not with aquatic exercise as a form of treatment in the process of repair of the calcaneus tendon of rats. For this, 84 rats of the Wistar strain underwent surgical induction with partial transection of the calcaneus tendon. The animals were randomly divided into four treatment groups and subdivided into three periods (7.14 and 21 days) containing 7 animals in each: Control (L); SFDVS (LS); and aquatic exercise (LE); SFDVS associated with aquatic exercise (LSE). The volume of edema was evaluated 24 h, 7, 14 and 21 days after the surgical procedure. Histological sections of the calcaneus tendon were evaluated for quantification of collagen (Masson's Trichrome and Picrosirius Red) and pathological changes by the analysis of slides stained with HE. The Bonar score was used to evaluate cell morphology, cellularity, vascularization and accumulation of fundamental substance. The comparison between the experimental groups was performed using Kruskal-Wallis and ANOVA tests, with a significance level of 0.05. A greater reduction in animal edema was observed from the seventh day on in all treatments (p < 0.002), when compared to the control group. After 7 and 14 days of treatment, the LE presented the greatest reduction in the volume of edema (p = 0.03041) compared to the control. After 21 days of treatment (LS) it was the one that presented the greatest reduction of edema compared to the control group. By quantifying collagen, it was possible to verify an increase in its concentration for LSE not the period evaluated after 21 days of treatment. Histopathological analysis using Bonar score showed a significant improvement in histopathological characteristics in tendons of animals treated with (LSE21), presenting statistically lower score values when compared to the other groups. Thus, the SFDVS associated with aquatic exercise positively influenced the repair of the calcaneus tendon, becoming a promising treatment for future clinical applications.Item Caracterização de Eletroencefalograma utilizando análise de quantificação da recorrência(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Mendes, Antônio de Pádua; Santos, Laurita dos; Rybarczyk Filho, José LuizThe application of techniques for processing, analyzing and extracting features of electroencephalographic signals collaborate in understanding brain activities. Based on this, we can also mention the creation of diagnostic and monitoring tools allowing the development of brain-computer interface devices. Among the diagnostic tools there are several mathematical methods that can be considered, such as, the spectral analysis of the signal using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). In this study we investigated the applicability of a non-linear method already known for the analysis of biomedical signals and its comparison with a conventional analysis method, the FFT. The recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) was used as a method to characterize the alpha rhythm of electroencephalogram signals during the Berger effect (eyes closed). Electroencephalogram signals were obtained from 60 study participants, of both sexes, were analyzed using the electrodes of the occipital region (O1 and O2). The experimental protocol involved two distinct moments: rest (eyes open) and activity (eyes closed). For the application of the non-linear method, the optimized value for the parameters (time delay, embedding dimension and threshold) were obtained for classification. After parameterization, 9 measurements were obtained: recurrence rate, determinism, average of diagonal line, Shannon entropy, laminarity, trapping time, clustering coefficient, transitivity and maximum size of vertical lines. The results found were compared with results of the FFT, which considered as the gold standard of analysis. This combination was performed by multivariate analysis of principal components analysis. The results suggested that the use of RQA is capable of detecting significant statistical differences between the moments studied and that some RQA features may contribute to the analysis provided by the FFT. Thus, the RQA method can be considered for the analysis of alpha rhythm during the Berger effect. For future work, other brain regions can be studied and the methodology extended to analyze other brain waves during the performance of more complex activities.Item Análise da perda de massa muscular esquelética a partir dos achados de bioimpedância em uma coorte de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Azevedo, Bruna Santos Silva; Almeida, Vilson Rosa deDespite the benefits from bariatric surgery, the techniques employed are not exempt from complications; among them, malnutrition stands out, which can cause important losses of muscle mass. The proposed research aims to investigate the development of Skeletal Muscle Mass (SMM) loss in individuals subjected to bariatric surgery, by means of bioimpedance analysis, since it is a simple and reproducible method. Retrospective and observational cohort type study was realized; data were only collected and after approval by the Research Ethics Committee (CAE: 37663019.8.0000.5494). The patients included in the study were attended between January 2019 and January 2020, sought service within 12 months after the surgery, and were followed up with clinical and serial bioimpedance evaluations for, at least, 6 months. The variables of interest were: epidemiological, anthropometric, pre- and post-surgery data, and results of serial bioimpedances. The average survival time until the development of low SMM was estimated by means of the Kaplan-Meier model. α = 5% was defined. Overall, 29 patients were included in the research, 79.3% of whom were female, and the sample had an average age of 38 years. An average difference of 27.6 kg in body mass was found, when compared to the last anthropometric assessment with the values prior to surgery, which proved to be statistically significant (p < 0.001). The average SMM in the first post-surgical bioimpedance was 27.5 kg. After a period of 6 months, the individuals were again evaluated and an average of 26.7 kg was obtained; the loss of SMM was statistically significant (p = 0.033). It was observed that 17.2% of the individuals presented lower SMM values below the lower limit of normality; the Kaplan-Meier survival model estimated a 40% incidence of this outcome in 40 weeks of follow-up. Therefore, the difficulty in losing weight was evidenced, since many patients maintained the body fat percentage above normal after surgery. In addition, a risk of developing SMM loss over time was observed, due to protein deficiencies imposed by the restrictive components of surgery.Item Estudo dos efeitos bioquímicos da luz azul na pele humana por Espectroscopia Raman Confocal(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Bello, Larissa Karoline Zago Rogoni; Fávero, Priscila Pereira; Martin, Airton AbrahãoIntroduction: Raman spectroscopy is a recent and non-invasive technique that can be used to assess a biochemical structure of the skin under different conditions. This technique is already useful in several contexts, although additional studies are still being published. The effect of blue light on the skin and its clinical functions, such as photoaging, have been described in the literature. In addition, the light component of solar radiation is shown to be a risk factor for several diseases, such as melanoma, such as skin patches, pigmented nevi and other skin lesions. Thus, an investigation of the effects of blue light using Raman spectroscopy is useful and necessary for the current scenario. Objective: To understand biochemical changes in human skin due to the incidence of blue light, using Raman Conforcal Spectroscopy. Method: This is a monocentric, retrospective study, based on the analysis of a database with prospective collection carried out in accordance with DermoProbes' operational procedure. Results: After irradiation of the blue LED for 15 minutes (100 J / cm2), damage was observed in the stratum corneum, which corresponds to disulfide, tyrosine, phenylanine and beta-carotene bonds, and damage to Amide I in the viable epidermis. After subsequent irradiation, in the same area, for another 15 minutes (totaling 200 J / cm2), an increase in the damage to the viable epidermis was observed. For this irradiation the signatures in the bands of felilalanine, L-glutamano, valine, lipoic acid and beta-carotene stand out. When compared to irradiated skin with virgin skin for 45 minutes (corresponding to 3 incidences of 15 minutes, totaling 300 J / cm2), it was observed that the separation by cluster of virgin and irradiated skin is complete, for this irradiation, it stands out as signatures of oleic acid and Amide III. It was found that different doses act on different molecular groups of the stratum corneum and dermis. When the damage is intense as proteins are the most affected and when the damage is less, the antioxidant beta carotene and amino acids such as tyrosine and phenylalanine are activated. Conclusion: The present study, from the analysis of Raman spectroscopy, as the main biochemical changes in the skin after different intensities of blue light irradiation. From the results obtained, it was possible to verify that the damage to the biochemistry of the skin increases as the exposure to blue light increases, at a wavelength similar to the visible component of sunlight.Item Diagnóstico de alterações refracionais em crianças com microcefalia, presumidamente por síndrome congênita do Zika vírus, na região oeste do estado do Mato Grosso(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Miura, Heloisa; Almeida, Vilson Rosa de; Oliveira, Helder Cássio deRefractive errors are among the most common vision disorders in childhood. The objective of this study is to diagnose refractive errors in microcephaly’s children, presumably due to Zika virus congenital syndrome, in western Mato Grosso. Clinical, cross-sectional and observational study, approved by the research ethics committee under the opinion nº 3.825.537 CAAE: 26629819.6.0000.5494 was performed an active search for patients with microcephaly treated at the Specialized Rehabilitation Center in Cáceres city, a reference in multiprofessional microcephally care in western Mato Grosso. Ophthalmological assessments were made of 30 children with microcephaly presumably due to congenital Zika virus syndrome, 14 males and 16 females with a mean age at the time of assessment of 2 years and 4 months. The children were referred to an ophthalmologist, where anamnesis was performed, a refractive examination by retinoscope equipament and schioscopy’s rules, using cyclopentolate eye drops. After the diagnosis of refractive errors, glasses were prescribed. It was possible to diagnose refractive errors in 96,7% of the cases, the most found refractive error was astigmatism, diagnosed in 45 eyes, followed by hyperopia in 43 eyes and, finally, a myopia diagnosed in 12 eyes. Thus it is concluded that the diagnosis of refractive errors was found in all 30 children, the absence of diagnosis and treatment can negatively affect the child development of this population; thus, public policies for early and continuous ophthalmological monitoring maximizes the visual quality and, consequently, the quality of life of patients and their families.Item Lasers aplicados à frenectomia em pacientes pediátricos com anquiloglossia: uma revisão sistemática da literatura com metanálise(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Nunes, José Edson Pavini; Navarro, Ricardo ScarparoAnkyloglossia, or tongue stuck, is a condition in which the lingual frenulum is short, which can lead to problems with the nutritional suction of infants, inadequate breastfeeding, and which can cause fissures in the maternal nipples. Frenotomy or frenectomy can correct the restriction on the movement of the tongue and allow effective breastfeeding. Surgical intervention is performed with a scalpel, but in recent years the use of lasers in this procedure has increased. The aim of the study was to conduct a systematic review of high-powered lasers applied to frenectomy in pediatric patients diagnosed with ankyloglossia. In the methodology, a systematic literature review of randomized clinical studies with a score ≥ 6 on the PEDro scale (Physiotherapy Evidence Database) published in the PubMed, Cochrane and SciELO databases was performed. Studies were selected that evaluated the application of high-powered lasers in the surgical treatment of children with ankyloglossia, according to the PRISMA guidelines, using using descriptors: Ankyloglossia x Laser descriptors; Frenectomy x Laser; Phrenectomy x Ankyloglossia; Laser x Pediatric Dentistry; Ankyloglossia x treatment; Surgical Procedures x Ankyloglossia; Surgery x Lingual Frenulum; Surgery x Ankyloglossia, from clinical studies published from 2009 to 2019. The results showed that a total of 7 clinical studies were analyzed using high-power laser (diode or CO2) in frenectomy techniques. In 401 patients who underwent lingual frenectomy, superior benefits and results of the surgical technique with high-power laser compared to the conventional one with a scalpel were observed. It can be concluded that the lingual frenectomy surgery with high power lasers provides a more efficient and comfortable treatment for the infant patient compared to the conventional method, there is no consensus on the high power laser wavelength more suitable for the procedure and irradiation parameters.Item O impacto da realização do pré-natal nas condições clínicas de nascimento dos recém-nascidos atendidos no Hospital de São Luiz em Cáceres – MT(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Pieroni, Luiz Carlos; Fávero, Priscila Pereira; Oliveira, Helder Cássio dePrenatal care throughout the gestational period brings numerous health benefits to the pregnant woman; however, this is crucial for a healthy birth to occur for the newborn. At this stage, all care provided to the mother is necessary to guarantee the baby a problem-free development. However, the institution of prenatal care is not yet offered to all pregnant women, as recommended by the Ministry of Health. The lack of monitoring of pregnant women by professionals trained during prenatal care can prevent the detection of diseases or changes that will influence the outcome of childbirth and birth. Thus, conducting studies that assess the form of prenatal care with the characteristics of the newborn is of great importance. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical aspects of the birth of the babies of the study participants to correlate them with the type of prenatal care performed in the city of Cáceres - MT. The evaluation was performed by collecting information from the medical records of pregnant women who progressed to labor in a public hospital in the city of Cáceres - MT, present in the files of the hospital's obstetrics sector, as well as in the newborn's clinical information, contained in the hospital's pediatrics notes book. Data analysis was performed to classify the type of prenatal care according to the Kessner Index modified by Takeda (TAKEDA, 1993), in addition to the data recommended by the Ministry of Health, correlating the clinical characteristics of births with the type of prenatal care performed by the mother. The data were analyzed using multivariate analyses, in addition to the application of the chi-square test to obtain the level of significance (p <0.05) between the variables studied. Among the 600 newborns evaluated, according to the Kessner index, 64% were born from mothers with adequate prenatal care, 12.2% from inadequate ones and 20.6% from mothers with intermediate prenatal care. By the parameters of the Ministry of Health, 58.7% of the 600 newborns were born from mothers with adequate prenatal care, 15.8% from mothers with inadequate prenatal care and 22.3% with intermediate prenatal care. In both assessments, 2.2% were born from mothers without any attention during pregnancy, and 1% had their information ignored when filling out the medical record. Thus, it is expected that this study provides information so that it can establish a link between the characteristics of newborns after birth, with the type of prenatal care instituted with mothers assisted in a public hospital in the municipality of Cáceres - Mato Grosso, always aiming to improve the whole process.