Monografias, Dissertações e Teses
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Item Síntese, determinação estrutural, análise dos orbitais naturais de ligação e estudo espectroscópico vibracional e eletrônico do composto de coordenação BIS (Dietilditiocarbamato) Ferro(II) [Fe(DDTC)2].(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Télles Zepeda, Claudio Andrés; Pessoa, Rodrigo SávioWe performed the synthesis, computational molecular modeling and vibrational/electronic spectroscopic analysis of the coordination complex Iron(II) Bis(Diethyldithiocarbamate) [Fe(DDTC)2]. The optimization of the molecular structure was performed using Density Functional Theory with the functional B3LYP and basis set 6-311G(d,p). The experimental FT-IR and Raman spectra of the complex were recorded in the range 4000 – 0 cm-1, in order to correlate them with the calculated spectra. Most of the DFT calculated frequencies were found to agree with the experimental results. In order to investigate the internal electronic mobility of the complex, we performed the natural bond orbital analysis (NBO), which provides information regarding intramolecular charge transfer interactions that result from the overlapping of bonding and antibonding orbitals, as well as information about the electronic distribution between the HOMO and LUMO orbitals due to charge transfers. We also correlated the calculated and experimental UV-Vis spectra in order to investigate the configurations of several excited states of the complex that involve intra-ligand transitions. The results corroborate the existence of several Ligand to Metal and and Metal to Ligand charge transfer transitions, as well as metal-centered d-d transitions.Item Uso da Ozonioterapia em fungos causadores de Onicomicoses: estudo in vitro(Universidade Brasil, 2024) Del Castilo, Denise Vivianni Ferreira; Assis, Lívia; Tim, Carla Roberta: Onychomycosis is a common fungal infection of the nails, predominantly caused by dermatophytes such as Trichophyton rubrum (T. rubrum) and Microsporum gypseum (M. gypseum) and is a notoriously difficult condition to treat. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate and compare, in vitro, the effectiveness of different times of ozone therapy on the main fungi that cause onychomycosis. Dermatophyte fungi T. rubrum (ATCC 28188) and M. gypseum (ATCC 24102) were incubated at 28° C for 14 days. Subsequently, the fungi were divided into 9 experimental groups according to the experimental time: Control Group (CG): the fungi were cultivated and did not receive any treatment; Cultivated fungi and received ozone therapy for a time of 2 min (G2”); 4 min (G4”); 6 min (G6”); 8 min (G8”); 10 min (G10”); 12 min (G12”); 14 min (G14”) and 16 min (G16”). The ozone concentration used was 2 µg/mL, oxygen flow of 1/4 L/min and applied dosages of 157, 314, 451, 628, 785, 943, 1100 and 1257 mg/m2, respectively. The main results show that the use of topical ozone therapy was effective in reducing the germination percentage of T. rubrum and M. gypseum in all experimental periods, presenting complete eradication with a treatment time of 6 min for T. rubrum and 14 min for M. gypseum. In conclusion, ozone therapy used topically, with emphasis on the treatment time of 6 min for T. rubrum (628 mg/m2) and 14 min (1257 mg/m2) for M. gypseum, promoted antifungal action on the main dermatophytes responsible for critical complications of onychomycosis, and may be proposed as a adjuvant in dermatological treatments.Item Membranas eletrofiadas a partir de poliácido láctico e mesocarpo de buriti (Mauritia flexuosa): produção, caracterização e potencial antimicrobiano(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Furtado, Dênis Rômulo Leite; Costa, Adriana Pavinatto da; Rodrigues, Bruno Vinícius ManzolliMedicinal plants have always been widely used as a preventive or curative form for diseases. Among them, we can mention buriti, a fruit widely used in folk medicine for the treatment of dermatological diseases, wound healing and as an antimicrobial agent. After the emergence of nanotechnology, the development of biomaterials that associate different materials, including medicinal plants, has been growing a lot. Among the nanostructuring techniques used, electrospinning stands out for producing membranes at nanometer scales with interesting properties for biomedical applications. In this context, the objective of this work was to produce, characterize and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of electrospun membranes formed from poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and buriti mesocarp (Mauritia flexuosa) (MESOBU). The membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy (FTIR) and contact angle measurements. Antimicrobial evaluation (in vitro), was performed using bacterial Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Echerichia coli, as well as Candida albicans fungus, using disk diffusion and microdilution methods.The data obtained were analyzed in a statistical program Graphpad Prism software, version 8.0.1, considering a significance level of 5% (p < 0.05). SEM images demonstrated the formation of homogeneous fibers, randomly organized and without the presence of defects. The FTIR spectra showed the main vibrational bands for chemical groups forming PLA, and hydrophilicity measurements show that the formed membranes have hydrophobic characteristics. In the disk diffusion and microdilution test, the PLAMESOBU 1% membrane showed antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms; the PLAMESOBU 0.5% membrane only showed antimicrobial activity in the microdilution test. In view of the observed results, PLAMESOBU membranes showed a promising potential for use as a biomaterial.Item Ozonioterapia: regulamentação jurídica(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Paez, Thalita Toffoli; Tim, Carla Roberta; Santos, Laurita dosThe present work aims to address the use of ozone therapy for treatment in humans, combined with the need to provide specific and complete legal guidelines. Ozone is a highly toxic gas, but it has an important antioxidant, bactericidal, anti-inflammatory characteristic and helps in the repair process. For this reason, the artificial production of this gas was started, for its therapeutic use, whose technique is called ozonotherapy. However, it is questioned whether the technique is a safe and effective treatment, since application in inadequate doses or routes of application can bring serious results to the patient. Currently, when the chosen route is auto-hemotherapy, it is possible that it is administered in a judicious and personal way, making the analysis of the individual's biomarkers and their tolerance to ozone, given the fact that the levels of gas tolerance are different in each subject. It turns out that, there is no specific legislation that ensures which professionals can prescribe and use ozone therapy, having several class councils already positioned themselves favorably. In 2018, the Ministry of Health incorporated ozone therapy as an integrative and complementary practice of the Unified Health System, provided it is applied in precise therapeutic doses, without, however, establishing criteria for the definition of the dose to be applied. Health is a social right that must be safeguarded in order to preserve a healthy and dignified life, which is why any health treatment can only be prescribed and carried out under appropriate conditions of safety and inspection, supported by scientific research and its own legislation. It is necessary to have specific and complete legislation on the subject, able to bring parameters and application protocols, in order to provide guarantees to professionals and patients who intend to treat. Thus, a research of the literature was carried out on electronic bases in the health and legal areas, there was no restriction on languages or publication data. Several articles were found, eliminating a duplication of titles and after reading abstracts, selected those that best fit the theme of this work. In a next step, perform a complete reading of all articles and the theoretical framework of this thesis was created. After reading and selecting the few and incomplete regulations on ozone therapy, he made a published work, which is a proposal for a complete review of the legislative content on ozone therapy. The proposed regulation brings the main parameters for the application of the technique, as well as the contraindicated routes, training of the professional who will manage the therapy, the qualified professionals, cautionary exams when due to auto-hemotherapy, care and responsibilities. In this sense, the present proposal of legislative content, was delivered to members of the Legislative Power, so that, observing the constitutional requirements, it can be used as a basis for the project, and eventually a future law, which will contain adequate and complete content regarding the theme.Item Utilização de quitosana e piperina na alimentação de animais: análise da eficácia no reparo de lesões cutâneas em ratos(Universidade Brasil, 2024) Carvalho, Conceição de Maria Aguiar; Costa, Adriana Pavinatto da; Tim, Carla RobertaThe skin, known as the largest organ in the human body, stands out for its unique role in maintaining the integrity of the organism. Disruptions in the epithelial layers are called skin lesions or wounds. Wound repair consists of a mechanism consisting of the phases of hemostasis and inflammation, proliferation and remodeling, starting immediately after the injury occurs. The need for efficient therapy to care for a population affected by injuries is a growing challenge that demands innovative, efficient and affordable strategies. In this scenario, the present study aims to the evaluation of the association of the antimicrobial and reparative action of Chitosan (Chi) with the anti-inflammatory action of Piperine (PIP) in the process of repairing skin lesions. To this end, lyophilized microparticles of Chi and PIP were produced and characterized for subsequent administration to animals with lesions induced via gavage. After freeze-drying, 2.4g of QUI and 2.7g of Chi/PIP were obtained. The spectra obtained through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) showed vibration bands characteristic of the chemical groups that form the material and corroborate the literature. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) of the powdered samples showed particles with relatively rough surfaces, while the freeze-dried samples presented thinner surfaces with greater surface area. Both materials do not present a thermal degradation process at temperatures below 60ºC, indicating that they remain active (not degraded) when subjected to animal body temperature. The qualitative analysis of the lesions, obtained from in vivo results, revealed no signs of necrosis, odor or liquid in the lesion cavity, nor did it indicate the presence of fibrosis. The morphometric analysis of the wound repair index showed no statistically significant difference between the experimental groups in all periods studied. Likewise, through histological analysis of the injured tissue, it was not possible to observe significant changes between the experimental groups.Item Impacto do desassoreamento nos recursos hídricos de reservatório de importância socioturística em Fernandópolis-SP(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Ramos, Elise Baroni; Vanzela, Sergio; Menegasso, Cleber FernandoDesilting is an important work in reservoir’s recovery, however, even if temporary, it disturbs the environment and can become a process of potential pollution in water resources. The objective was to evaluate the silt excavation operation impact in an important sociotouristic reservoir in Fernandópolis-SP. For this purpose, qualitative water variables were monitored, and the evolution of the service was accompanied. Completely randomized experimental design in 2 x 3 x 4 factorial scheme was used, and the main effects were runoff periods (with and without runoff), the level of second were excavation periods (before, during and after) and the level of third were monitoring points (points upstream E1, E2 and E3 and point S downstream, in relation to the reservoir). 100 water samples were collected, in a total of 25 biweekly/monthly sampling campaigns, and 13 aerial drone surveys were carried out between July 2020 and March 2022. To evaluate the qualitative water variables, analysis of variance was performed for the analyzed effects, followed by the mean comparison test. To evaluate the excavation progress effect, the Pearson correlation test was performed, followed by regression analysis. It was observed that the dynamics of sediment removal presented two distinct periods, which terrain instability, associated with precipitated rainfall, reduced the operational yield by 59.6%. During the desilting work, there was negative impact in the ammonium and ammonia concentration, increasing the averages by 154.1% and 151.9%, respectively. The excavation dynamics correlated only with water conductivity, resulting in an expected average increment of 1 µScm-1 for every 175 m3 removed. Considering those results and the reservoir historical, landscape, cultural and tourist importance, the desilting operation was adequate. However, it is necessary to carry out restoration and maintenance works in the reservoir contribution basin to minimize future problems with siltation.Item Avaliação da descontaminação de máscaras de proteção facial utilizando radiação UV-C(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Mota, Mara Soares de Almeida; Navarro, Ricardo Scarparo; Baptista, AlessandraInfectious respiratory diseases (IRD) are predominantly transmitted by airborne droplets or aerosols between people with close interactions. IRDs have a high rate of mortality and transmission between populations. The use of face protection masks (FPM) are effective in reducing the transmission of IRDs. Different methods are used for surface decontamination. The physical method of decontamination with UV-C radiation has shown effective results in different areas. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate FPM decontamination using UV-C radiation. Quadrangular samples from the masks were contaminated with a suspension of 108 CFU/ml of E. coli, in exponential phase, with the aid of a spray bottle inside the laminar flow. Three types of masks were evaluated (n=9): Tricoline (cotton) (T), Surgical (S) and N95 (N) at different times of UV-C irradiation, with portable SURFACE UV® equipment (MMOptics, São Carlos, Brazil, ƛ= 254 nm), the distance of 1 cm from the surface of the samples, scanning mode, at times of 30s, 45s and 60 s. To evaluate the microbial reduction, the samples were immersed in a test tube containing sterile saline solution, submitted to mechanical agitation for microbial recovery, and subsequently performed serial dilutions in the order of 1:10. Aliquots of the suspensions were seeded on Mueller Hinton agar for final microbial counts. The experiment was carried out in triplicate. All data were analyzed for their distribution by the Shapiro-Wilk test. Parametric data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey test. Nonparametric data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon test (p< 0.05). The study showed that UV-C radiation promoted effective decontamination of different models of FPM contaminated with E. coli. In Tricoline and Surgical the microbial reduction was observed in the time of 30 s and total decontamination in the times of 45 s and 60 s. In N95, total decontamination was observed at all irradiation times. The type of face protection mask influenced the effects of UV-C. The UV-C irradiation from 30 s onwards reduced the microbial load and from 45 s onwards promoted total decontamination in all types of masks tested.Item O IPTU verde no município de Jales/SP(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Celes, Natália Carolina Castanheira; Américo-Pinheiro, Juliana Heloísa PinêThe green IPTU is a tax that is levied on urban properties and makes up what is called the tax burden. It was implemented in the municipality of Jales/SP on November 11, 2009, to serve as a bonus for taxpayers, granting tax discounts to those who adopt certain sustainable practices provided for in Municipal Law No. 3,686/2009. Through this research, the Technical Manual for requesting Green IPTU in the municipality of Jales/SP was developed with the aim of covering all Urban Territorial Property Tax (IPTU) taxpayers in the municipality of Jales/SP, who seek a reduction in their burden. tax, as well as improving quality of life, minimizing environmental impacts. The purpose of the Manual is to inform the taxpayer what Green IPTU is about, what measures must be adopted to grant the discount, the advantages of this tax incentive and the procedure to be adopted to request the benefit. Its objective is to promote an incentive for owners to fulfill the social function of the property, benefiting society and the public sphere, through small ecological and environmentally friendly adaptations. To develop this work, a bibliographical review was carried out on IPTU, sustainability, municipal legislation and municipal data. The images and pictures used in the manual were created with the help of the CANVA website and artificial intelligence. The reduction in the value of IPTU is the main incentive to join the program, but the benefits of an ecological home extend to saving water and energy, which has a positive effect on the budget in the long term. It is concluded that the tax benefit presents both economic and environmental efficiency results.Item Inspeção de bovinos: prevalência de condenações em frigorífico SIE - Porto Velho / Rondônia(Universidade Brasil, 2024) Tenório, Tony Edgley Catão; Bertipaglia, Liandra Maria Abaker; Melo, Gabriel Maurício Peruca deThe work aimed to identify and document the main causes of head, tongue, foot, lips, liver, lung and heart condemnations of cattle in slaughterhouses under the State Inspection Service (SIE) in Porto Velho, Rondônia, as well as to determine the economic losses resulting from inadequate handling of the animal during pre-slaughter and failures related to the inexperience of the technician responsible. The research was carried out at the Areia Branca Frigorific, located in the Municipality of Porto Velho, in the State of Rondônia, through documentary analysis of official health inspection reports and official data referring to the condemnations of slaughtered cattle. The data were tabulated in an electronic spreadsheet and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that during the year 2023, there were several occurrences of injuries and convictions, with the highest incidences for the liver (3988 cases), caused by teleangiectasia, the lungs (11885 convictions), with the main cause being contamination and for the kidneys (19,443 convictions), of which 13,149 were due to contamination. There was a total of R$124,866.52 in economic losses, with the highest values relating to the liver with R$116,146.51 and the feet with a total of R$7,900.20. Therefore, it is concluded that it is extremely necessary to strictly implement hygiene, care and appropriate management measures that cover all phases of the slaughter process, in order to minimize and prevent contamination, the main reason for condemnations, as well as, carrying out training for everyone involved in the management of animals in the pre-slaughter phase, aiming to minimize financial losses, to provide quality products with lower losses.Item Desenvolvimento de plataforma digital para avaliar a ambiência em instalações de aves de produção(Universidade Brasil, 2024) Marini, Marina Tabalipa; Sgavioli, Sarah; Pereira, Luiz Arthur MaltaA importância da avaliação da ambiência em instalações de aves de produção é inegável na avicultura. Aves criadas fora da ambiência adequada podem sofrer queda de produtividade, comprometimento do bem-estar e problemas no desenvolvimento biológico dos sistemas. Portanto, é crucial mensurar, avaliar e qualificar a ambiência no interior dessas instalações para garantir o sucesso da avicultura. Este trabalho propôs a criação de uma plataforma acessível e prática para produtores rurais. Por meio da web (rede) usada em dispositivos como smartphones e tablets, os produtores podem acompanhar os cálculos dos índices de ambiência, verificar se os valores encontrados para os índices e variáveis bioclimáticas estão de acordo com o recomendado e identificar possíveis soluções para desvios encontrados. A plataforma fornece informações em tempo real, geradas por dispositivos instalados em galpões de aves de produção (frangos de corte, poedeiras comerciais e matrizes). Todo o software desenvolvido foi hospedado em um servidor web terceirizado. As funcionalidades administrativas da plataforma, que incluem gerenciamento de conteúdo e visualização de gráficos, entre outras, estão disponíveis para acesso no endereço eletrônico www.pmppa.com.br/aves. Essas funcionalidades podem ser acessadas de qualquer dispositivo com conexão à internet. Este trabalho possibilitou a avaliação, monitoramento e identificação de problemas relacionados à ambiência das instalações, além do armazenamento dos dados encontrados. Isso auxilia o produtor através de sugestões de ações sobre os manejos necessários para manter as aves na ambiência adequada.