Ciências Ambientais
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorioacademico.universidadebrasil.edu.br/handle/123456789/32
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Pagamentos por serviços ambientais: instrumento de pôr serviço ambientais de municípios do Noroeste Paulista(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Baldan, Gustavo Antonio Nelson; Vazquez, Gisele HerbstThe unbridled economic growth that occurred mainly in the last century, to the detriment of the quality of environmental goods, led society and states to be concerned with protecting the environment in order to avoid resource scarcity. At first, this protection took place through traditional methods of command and control, imposing sanctions on those who caused environmental degradation. However, this method did not prove to be sufficient, with the need to foresee the possibility of granting benefits to those who practiced expected and desired environmental measures. Thus, in Brazil, in the environmental area, alongside the traditional method of command and control, the premium right has been adopted, because there is no need only for environmental preservation, but also for the recovery of degraded areas, one of these instruments being the policy of payment for environmental services. The work was based on documentary research in official sources (official websites of the municipalities in northwest São Paulo), analyzing the doctrine and legislation of these municipalities. 34 municipalities, randomly chosen, were analyzed regarding the value of resources destined to the environmental harvest, as well as the existence of a law regulating the local policy of payment for environmental services in the year 2022. It was concluded that Auriflama, Cardoso, Catanduva, Fernandópolis, Guzolândia , Mesópolis, Mirassol, Nhandeara, Pereira Barreto, Tanabi, Valentim Gentil and Votuporanga have legislation regulating this instrument. And, among them, only Fernandópolis has a program in the implementation phase. On the other hand, Andradina, Araçatuba, Catanduva, Dracena, Cosmorama, Fernandópolis, Guzolândia, Indiaporã, Ilha Solteira, Mesópolis, Pereira Barreto, Santa Fé do Sul and Valentim Gentil have compatible budget revenue for the concrete development of environmental policies.Item Educação ambiental e direito ambiental: proposta de planos de aula(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Appoloni, Alex Lopes; Campato Jr., João AdalbertoThe necessity of adopting a biocentric perspective, which should guide all human activities to avoid environmental collapse, requires clear direction. This guidance can be found in the analysis of principles aimed at the environment, capable of promoting reflection and action on the relationships between a critical environmental education and human activities. In this way, the importance of environmental education in disseminating these principles becomes clear, especially among high school and technical education students. With education on environmental principles, it is possible to foster awareness of the need to preserve and conserve the environment, as well as to seek sustainable living alternatives, forming ecological citizens. In this context, the goal of this article is to elaborate a proposal for an Environmental Law Education Program, based on the creation of a lesson plan on environmental principles, aimed at high school and technical education teachers. The proposal aims to offer thematic, methodological, and bibliographical suggestions for their classes on the subject. As a methodology, a qualitative approach and a bibliographical and documental design were adopted, with the reading of scientific articles, books, doctrines, codes, and other documents, to collect programmatic content and elaborate a lesson plan that will be made available free of charge to interested teachers and schools.Item Recomposição de área de reserva legal no estado de São Paulo com uso de sistemas agroflorestais(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Delega, Dimas Cabral; Vazquez, Gisele HerbstLegal Reserve is an area located inside a property or rural property that can be used under a sustainable forest management regime, making it possible to selectively extract wood, fruits, oils, produce honey, etc. In the State of São Paulo, the area that must be allocated to the Legal Reserve is at least 20% of the total property. The restoration of the legal reserve is understood by the producer as a loss of area and consequently a loss of income and its restoration by itself becomes quite expensive which has no attraction for its adoption. The objective of this work was to analyze the Brazilian legislation regarding the implantation of the agroforestry system in the Legal Reserve. It is intended to publicize that the use of this crop consortium mechanism can generate a financial return to the producer, bringing sustainability to the rural property, mainly in the northwest of São Paulo, the main Brazilian region for rubber production. It is intended to identify that the possibility of using this crop consortium mechanism can bring a better use of the area, which would normally be forgotten within the property and which would not generate any kind of financial return to the producer. This system is provided for in the Forest Code, and provides for ways to recompose through the SAFs (Agroforestry System). A survey will also be carried out on the current situation regarding the number of rural landowners in the northwest region of São Paulo who are not aware of the possibility of managing native trees in a Legal Reserve area, their legislation and profitability, as well as their interest in this type of cultivation.