Pagamentos por serviços ambientais: instrumento de pôr serviço ambientais de municípios do Noroeste Paulista

Abstract

The unbridled economic growth that occurred mainly in the last century, to the detriment of the quality of environmental goods, led society and states to be concerned with protecting the environment in order to avoid resource scarcity. At first, this protection took place through traditional methods of command and control, imposing sanctions on those who caused environmental degradation. However, this method did not prove to be sufficient, with the need to foresee the possibility of granting benefits to those who practiced expected and desired environmental measures. Thus, in Brazil, in the environmental area, alongside the traditional method of command and control, the premium right has been adopted, because there is no need only for environmental preservation, but also for the recovery of degraded areas, one of these instruments being the policy of payment for environmental services. The work was based on documentary research in official sources (official websites of the municipalities in northwest São Paulo), analyzing the doctrine and legislation of these municipalities. 34 municipalities, randomly chosen, were analyzed regarding the value of resources destined to the environmental harvest, as well as the existence of a law regulating the local policy of payment for environmental services in the year 2022. It was concluded that Auriflama, Cardoso, Catanduva, Fernandópolis, Guzolândia , Mesópolis, Mirassol, Nhandeara, Pereira Barreto, Tanabi, Valentim Gentil and Votuporanga have legislation regulating this instrument. And, among them, only Fernandópolis has a program in the implementation phase. On the other hand, Andradina, Araçatuba, Catanduva, Dracena, Cosmorama, Fernandópolis, Guzolândia, Indiaporã, Ilha Solteira, Mesópolis, Pereira Barreto, Santa Fé do Sul and Valentim Gentil have compatible budget revenue for the concrete development of environmental policies.