Engenharia Biomédica
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorioacademico.universidadebrasil.edu.br/handle/123456789/33
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Efeitos agudos da fotobiomodulação sobre variáveis respiratórias e a capacidade funcional em tabagistas e ex-tabagistas: ensaio clínico randomizado, triplo-cego e placebo controlado(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Macedo, Thaline; Ferraresi, CleberIntroduction: Smoking, in addition to affecting the functionality of the respiratory muscles, can increase resistance to airflow and reduce the individual's functional capacity, impairing their quality of life. Photobiomodulation (FBM) has gained prominence for being an effective resource in promoting the improvement of muscle performance in athletes and in the face of some diseases. However, studies on the acute effects of FBM on respiratory variables and functional capacity in smokers and ex-smokers are scarce in the literature. Objectives: To evaluate the acute effects of FBM applied to respiratory muscles, on lung function and respiratory muscle strength. Material and methods: A randomized, crossover, triple blind and placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted. 16 volunteers participated in the study, 10 smokers and 06 ex-smokers. All volunteers were randomly subjected to two intervention sessions: 1) an effective FBM session applied to the region of the main respiratory muscles through a cluster of 69 LEDs (light-emitting diodes) with a total power of 690 mW and energy total of 62 Joules, containing 35 LEDs in the red range (630 ± 10 nm; 10 mW; 0.2 cm2; 31.5 J) and 34 LEDs in the infrared range (830 ± 20 nm; 10 mW; 0.2 cm2; 30.6 J); irradiation time in each treatment region was 90 seconds. 2) a placebo FBM session, in which the same procedures as the effective session were followed, but the equipment did not emit light. All volunteers were assessed at 3 times: 1) pre intervention, 2) 1 hour after the intervention and 3) 24 hours after the intervention. A one-week washout was performed between the FBM and placebo sessions. All volunteers underwent pulmonary function assessment using spirometry, thoracoabdominal mobility using axillary, xiphoid and abdominal levels. In the post intervention moments, functional capacity was also assessed using the 6-minute walk test. For data analysis, a 5% significance level was adopted. Results: There were no significant differences for any of the variables of spirometric outcome, cirtometry and 6MWT minutes (p> 0.05) in the comparison between groups. Conclusion: the main results of this study showed that a single FBM session with the parameters used, applied to the respiratory muscles was not effective in improving lung function, respiratory muscle strength, thoracoabdominal mobility and functional capacity in smokers and ex-smokers.Item Desenvolvimento de uma manta de LEDs em formato de fita ajustável para aplicações de terapia de fotobiomodulação(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Silva Filho, Francisco do Nascimento; Costa, Mardoqueu Martins da; Ferraresi, CléberLight emitting diodes (LEDs) are photobiomodulatory devices formed by solid semiconductors joined together and that generate a reliable and high power light source in narrow ranges of light bands (between 20-50 nm) and that have been gaining prominence in the context of health and aesthetics. In this context, the objective of the work was to develop an LED strip in an adjustable ribbon format for photobiomodulation applications and an application (App) for mobile device and equipment control via Bluetooth. The device was formed by an irradiation blanket, electronic control equipment using the Arduino platform and the control app with an MIT App Inventor for Android software interface (Massachusetts Institute of Technology). Based on what was found in this study, it appears that the development of an LED mat for this purpose proved to be feasible. It was also observed that the features of the App were compatible with the platform in question. Thus, the present research found that the LED blanket developed with photobiomodulation proved to be viable, and future work is essential, adding new features and functions, optimizing its usability to professionals working in the aesthetic and physical education fields.Item Uso da terapia por fotobiomodulação a laser no tratamento do paciente com covid-19 em unidade de terapia intensiva(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Neves Neto, Messias Augusto das; Tim, Carla Roberta; Garcia, Lívia AssisThe pandemic context ended up causing the exploration of new treatment methods in the face of the conditions presented by patients in this period. In this bias, photobiomodulation therapy has been characterized as a viable therapeutic aspect for the treatment of patients with COVID-19 in the Intensive Care Unit, since it has great potential for biological alteration. To demonstrate the feasibility of the treatment, a case report was carried out that aimed to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation as an adjuvant treatment in a patient with COVID-19 admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). A 68-year-old man with severe COVID-19 received 5 sessions of PBMT by laser, once daily. The treatment protocol consisted of the association of the application of local PBMT with 808 nm laser and the application of a transdermal laser in the radial artery with a 660 nm laser. The patient was evaluated before and after treatment through radiological evaluation, blood tests and oxygen requirement. Oxygen saturation (SpO2) increased from 92% in the support of oxygen with a mask without rebreathing 13 L/min to 95% in the delivery of O2 2 L/min in a nasal catheter, tolerating the withdrawal of oxygen therapy for 20 minutes. This case report showed that the use of photobiomodulation therapy in the adjuvant treatment of a patient with COVID-19 decreases oxygen needs over several days and without the need for a ventilator. Future controlled clinical trials are needed to assess the effects of PBMT on clinical outcomes in patients with acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Item Estudo clínico randomizado controlado do efeito da fotobiomodulação vascular na hipertensão arterial(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Silva e Lima, Veridiana Palmiro da Silva; Parizotto, Nivaldo AntonioSystemic arterial hypertension (SAH) constitutes a serious public health problem due to its magnitude, risk, and difficulties in control, and is associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality due to its promotion of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). It is suggested that endothelial dysfunction associated with SAH is related to local and systemic inflammation. Inflammation is known to be a protective physiological response to harmful and/or pathogenic stimuli, and endothelial dysfunction is a pro-inflammatory state with altered endothelial functions, which is associated with SAH, a multifaceted disease. This study evaluates the effect of this technique in humans, as large animal studies have yielded positive results in reducing heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP). The objective was to analyze the effect of laser photobiomodulation on the radial artery on hemodynamic variables in uncontrolled hypertensive patients. It was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial with a longitudinal design and a quantitative approach, conducted in a public hospital. Volunteers were randomly allocated between Group A (laser intervention) and Group B (placebo control), of both sexes, aged between 29 and 83 years, with uncontrolled SAH and difficulties in controlling blood pressure. Participants underwent weekly sessions of low-intensity laser photobiomodulation in the radial artery region, using red light (660 nm) and radiant energy of 180 J per session, lasting 30 minutes, over a period of six weeks, totaling six sessions (1/week). The results showed a reduction in arterial hypertension when active photobiomodulation was performed compared to the placebo group, with a decrease of approximately 12,22% in SBP and 5,43% in DBP, while in the placebo group, there was an approximate reduction of 5,13% in SBP and 3,18% in DBP. It is hoped that photobiomodulation may be used as a new alternative for the treatment of systemic arterial hypertension.Item Comparação dos efeitos da fotobiomodulação a laser nos comprimentos de onda de 660 nm e 808 nm em queimaduras de espessura total em ratos: estudo pré clínico.(Universidade Brasil, 2024) Kuamoto, Juliana Narcizo; Andrade, Ana Laura Martins deBurns are defined as thermal injuries that affect organic tissues, and can be classified in degree, according to their severity, with grade 3 burns being the most serious form of the injury. Concern regarding the rehabilitation of burn patients is related to recovery time and the severity of the injury's sequelae. Photobiomodulation therapy (TFBM) has gained prominence in the treatment of skin lesions, but the selection and application of parameters is still controversial. This study aims to evaluate the effects of TFBM using Red (660 nm) and Infrared (808 nm) laser on the quality of tissue regeneration in 3rd Degree burns in rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were used, randomly divided into 3 groups (n=10): control groups (C), with laser applied turned off, red laser group (GLV), treated only with TFBM using the 660 nm red laser and, infrared laser group (GLI), treated with 808 nm infrared laser. The animals were treated three times a week, for 21 days, totaling nine applications, using parameters suggested in the literature (ANDRADE, 2016). Photographic documentation was carried out on the first and last day of treatment to analyze wound contraction. On the 21st day, after the last treatment, the animals were euthanized, and tissue samples were collected for histological analyses.After the analyses, it was observed that the GIV, when compared to the GC and GV, showed an advanced phase of recovery and revascularization, with a thinner epidermis, minimal inflammatory infiltrate, and a well-established collagen organization throughout almost the entire dermis.Item Influência da Terapia por Fotobiomodulação no tratamento de condições inflamatórias pulmonares e seu impacto sobre o Covid-19(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Macedo, Daniela Bezerra; Tim, Carla Roberta; Garcia, Lívia AssisToday we are facing a pandemic that continually causes high rates of deaths and catastrophic and countless economic and psychosocial consequences. Thus, this period requires a rapid search for viable procedures that can allow us to use safe and noninvasive clinical tools as prophylactic or even adjuvant methods in the treatment of COVID-19, thus constituting an important challenge to the medical clinic. Evidence shows that photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is shown to attenuate the inflammatory process and reduce respiratory disorders similar to acute lung injury (ALI), complications associated with infections, such as that caused by the new Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of laser PBMT on infrared length in the treatment of ALI, one of the main critical complications of COVID-19 infection, in an experimental model of rats. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into three experimental groups (n = 8): Control (CG); LPA (LPA); LASER-treated LPA (LPAL). For the treatment, a laser equipment (808 nm; 30 mw; 1.8 J) was applied at three points (anterior region of the trachea and in the venereal regions of the thorax bilaterally) in the period of 1 and 24 hours after lpa induction. Descriptive histopathological analysis, lung injury score, analysis of the number of inflammatory cells, interleukin 1 β (IL-1β) and interleukin 10 levels (IL-10) were performed for treatment evaluation. In the results, it was possible to observe that the treatment reduced inflammatory infiltrates, there was thickening of the alveolar septum and the pulmonary injury score when compared to the LPA group. In addition, laser PBMT showed lower immunoexpression of IL-1β, however, it did not alter the levels of pulmonary IL-10. Thus, it can be concluded with this experimental study that infrared laser PBMT was efficient in attenuating ALI, one of the main complications of COVID-19, since it was able to reduce the inflammatory process, as well as increase the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines.