Engenharia Biomédica

URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorioacademico.universidadebrasil.edu.br/handle/123456789/33

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Avaliação dos efeitos fototérmico do laser de diodo λ1470 nm na pele em modelo experimental de ratos.
(Universidade Brasil, 2024) Godoi, Silvana Aparecida Girão de; Assis, Lívia; Tim, Carla Roberta
The subdermal high-power diode laser is a therapy that has been frequently used as a treatment for skin aging. However, there is a need for studies to verify morphological and molecular changes in the skin triggered by this light technology. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the photothermal effects of diode laser wavelength (λ) 1470 nm on the skin of rats. 20 male Wistar rats were used, randomized into 2 groups: placebo laser (LP): treatment with subdermal laser turned off; active laser (LA): subdermal laser treatment was used. For therapy, high-power diode laser equipment was used (λ = 1470 nm; P = 2 W; beam area = 240 μm; beam divergence in rad: 0.227; continuous mode), applied in 5 subdermal vectors in the region of the animal's back in an area of 24 cm2 depositing an average of energy of 85 J/cm2, in a single session and the tissue was evaluated 15 days after the intervention. To evaluate the effects of the treatment, histological, morphometric analyzes and immunoexpression of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were performed. The results demonstrated that active laser animals showed a better arrangement of collagen fiber bands and an increase in the thickness of the dermis and the number of vessels. Furthermore, animals treated with active laser showed an increased immunoexpression of TGF-β and VEGF compared to placebo. Thus, we can conclude that the subdermal high-power diode laser proves to be a promising option in aesthetic dermatology, as it was capable of increasing vascularization and the expression of factors that enhance skin rejuvenation.
Avaliação in vitro do potencial antimicrobiano e da viabilidade celular de diferentes concentrações de Ozonioterapia
(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Morais, Jynani Pichara; Assis, Lívia; Tim, Carla Roberta
Cutaneous wound is a clinical condition with high prevalence and represents a public health problem. Although ozone therapy (O3), ozone therapy, is widely used in clinical practice due to its antimicrobial and restorative effects, evidence on ideal dosimetries is still scarce. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare, in vitro, the cytotoxicity of different concentrations of ozone therapy in keratinocyte (NOK) and fibroblast (L929) lines, as well as the antimicrobial potential for Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). NOK and L929 cells were seeded at a concentration of 1x104 and strains of gram-positive bacteria S.aureus and gram negative bacteria E. coli at a concentration of 1x108 and divided into 7 experimental groups treated with ozone at doses of 0 (G0), 5 (G5), 10 (G10), 20 (G20), 30 (G30), 40 (G40) and 50 μg/mL (G50). The effect of ozone on cell viability/cytotoxicity was determined using the alamarBlue® assay, the Live/Dead® assay, and morphometric analysis of the percentage of live and dead cells. The effect of the gas on the microorganisms was evaluated by counting the colony forming unit (CFU). The results obtained show that ozone at concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 μg/mL presented the highest viability values of NOK (keratinocytes) and L929 (fibroblasts) cells, as well as a higher density and percentage of live cells in the experimental period of 72 hours when compared to other concentrations. However, it was not possible to observe the difference between the percentage of dead cells between the experimental groups. Furthermore, ozone promoted a reduction in CFUs at all concentrations tested. With the results obtained in the present study, it is possible to confirm the reparative potential of ozone therapy in a dose-dependent response, as well as its antimicrobial potential. However, studies are needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which it exerts such biological effects.
Plasma rico em plaquetas: investigação da efetividade de diferentes protocolos para aplicação em pé diabético
(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Cruz, Cecília Penha Dall'orto; Tim, Carla Roberta; Assis, Lívia
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized as a metabolic disorder of persistent hyperglycemia. Diabetic foot is one of the first complications identified in diabetic patients and causes major negative manifestations in their quality of life. These wounds are prone to infection, and when, moderate or severe, they suffer some level of limb amputation. Platelet-rich Plasma (PRP) is a biological product produced from an autologous blood centrifugation process, allowing plasma extraction with a concentration of three to five times higher than that of platelets without basal blood. In this perspective, this study aimed at a systematic review to assess the effectiveness of different PRP recovery protocols for wound treatment and to verify the feasibility of PRP recovery protocols by varying the strength / speed and the centrifugation time. For this purpose, a search was performed in the articles of the Virtual Health Library (VHL) with the descriptors in English and Portuguese “chronic ulcers, Platelet-rich plasma, Deep Soft Tissue Repair, Chronic Wounds, Wound Healing, Regenerative Medicine, Therapeutics and wound healing. Use a combination of descriptors as a search strategy. The publication period was delimited between the years 2010 to 2019. Other productions that were not included in the scientific article category were excluded, such as thesis, dissertations as well as inconclusive work, case reports, review of narrative literature and study on animals. 66 articles were selected, after exclusion, only 13 composite articles or corpus of the study. In 61.5 % of the studies, a PRP autologous gel application was used; and 38.4 % opted for injecting PRP, either subcutaneously or intradermally. Total of 13 studies analyzed, all proven that the PRP assist in the healing and tissue regeneration process. In 23 % of the studies analyzed there was an investigation of the pain variable, with improvements in it and in the patient's quality of life. Clinical trials continue to be of great importance for the case in question, as well as the analysis of systematic literature for recruiting information and increasing the occurrence of subjects. PRP has a great optional therapeutic potential in the treatment and healing process of chronic ulcers. Therefore, the second study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the reproduction of two PRP recovery protocols, varying strength / speed and centrifugation time. Twenty trained volunteers were recruited, with platelet count within the reference range 150 - 450.10/³ uL. Two different centrifuges were used to prepare the PRP: 1) CE1161 digital laboratory model centrifuge, adjustable speed - 0 to 5000 rpm with a radius of 14 cm and fixed rotor; with 10 patients; 2) Kasvi digital mod. Ce800, adjustable speed from 100 to 4000 rpm with a radius of 14 cm and variable angle, with 10 patients. The present study found that the preparation of the PRP using the highest force / speed and the centrifugation time, promoting the concentration of coatings statistically higher when compared to the protocol of lower force / speed. It was not possible to reproduce the protocols in different centrifuges. The results pointed out beyond the force of gravity and the centrifugation time, or the rotor angle can also influence the preparation of the PRP.
Uso da Ozonioterapia em fungos causadores de Onicomicoses: estudo in vitro
(Universidade Brasil, 2024) Del Castilo, Denise Vivianni Ferreira; Assis, Lívia; Tim, Carla Roberta
: Onychomycosis is a common fungal infection of the nails, predominantly caused by dermatophytes such as Trichophyton rubrum (T. rubrum) and Microsporum gypseum (M. gypseum) and is a notoriously difficult condition to treat. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate and compare, in vitro, the effectiveness of different times of ozone therapy on the main fungi that cause onychomycosis. Dermatophyte fungi T. rubrum (ATCC 28188) and M. gypseum (ATCC 24102) were incubated at 28° C for 14 days. Subsequently, the fungi were divided into 9 experimental groups according to the experimental time: Control Group (CG): the fungi were cultivated and did not receive any treatment; Cultivated fungi and received ozone therapy for a time of 2 min (G2”); 4 min (G4”); 6 min (G6”); 8 min (G8”); 10 min (G10”); 12 min (G12”); 14 min (G14”) and 16 min (G16”). The ozone concentration used was 2 µg/mL, oxygen flow of 1/4 L/min and applied dosages of 157, 314, 451, 628, 785, 943, 1100 and 1257 mg/m2, respectively. The main results show that the use of topical ozone therapy was effective in reducing the germination percentage of T. rubrum and M. gypseum in all experimental periods, presenting complete eradication with a treatment time of 6 min for T. rubrum and 14 min for M. gypseum. In conclusion, ozone therapy used topically, with emphasis on the treatment time of 6 min for T. rubrum (628 mg/m2) and 14 min (1257 mg/m2) for M. gypseum, promoted antifungal action on the main dermatophytes responsible for critical complications of onychomycosis, and may be proposed as a adjuvant in dermatological treatments.
Utilização de gerador de alta frequência no tratamento do envelhecimento cutâneo
(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Santos, Ana Keila Ferreira dos; Tim, Carla Roberta; Assis, Lívia; Sávio, Rodrigo
Given the exposure to damage that affects the essential components of the skin, it is necessary treatment to minimize all the weakness that occurred. Today, aesthetic dermatology dispenses with several resources to improve cell revitalization, thus delaying facial aging. In this context, the present study aims to evaluate the effect of the high frequency generator in the treatment of skin aging in adult women. The study included 26 participants aged between 50 and 60 years. The candidates received high frequency generator application 3 times a week for 8 weeks. The evaluation occurred through photographs and evaluation instruments, such as self-esteem assessment, Rosenberg scale, evaluation of perception with treatment, satisfaction with treatment, overall aesthetic improvement scale, modified Fitzpatrick scale. With the results, mean age of the participants 54.4 years, marital status, 47% are married, 23% reported having completed higher education and 19% incomplete elementary school. As for the occupation exercised, 15% are from the home, and the others perform other work activities. Regarding the clinical and dermatological history, 92% are in climacteric period. Half of the participants practice physical activities, and 77% of them do not smoke. Most have mixed skin, use sunscreen sometimes and the most used sun protection factor is SPF 30 represented by 42%. Most candidates have type III skin phototypes. Regarding the perception and satisfaction with the treatment, both evaluated satisfactorily and positively by the volunteers. The overall aesthetic improvement, assessed by the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale, was significant, in which 50% of the candidates presented a much better scale, 42% of much better and 8% of the best. The evaluation of nasolabial wrinkles by the Modified Fitzpatrick Wrinkle Scale showed that HF promoted statistical improvements after 8 weeks, this also happened for periorbital wrinkles on both sides. Thus, it is observed that the high frequency generator can be a therapeutic resource for the treatment of skin aging of the face, because it presented satisfactory results in the skin, allowing a good appearance and increasing the self-esteem of the candidates.