Engenharia Biomédica
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorioacademico.universidadebrasil.edu.br/handle/123456789/33
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Item Análise temporal da incidência de hanseníase e suas reações em Cáceres-MT(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Dias, Bárbara Klein Bisinella Dias; Amaral, Marcelo Magri; Cortela, Denise CostaLeprosy is a highly prevalent infectious disease in tropical regions and in low to medium income countries, with social inequality and poverty being important risk factors. As it is a contagious infectious disease whose prolonged contact is a primary factor for the transmission of this communicating pathway, the analysis of the distribution of the disease and its determinants in populations, space and time are fundamental aspects. The aim of the present study was to analyze the incidence of leprosy and its reactions in an endemic area of the disease. This is a retrospective observational cross-sectional cut, with data obtained from the Health Surveillance Database, from the National Medical Service System, in the municipality of Cáceres between 2008 to 2018. The variables analyzed were: sex, age, type of leprosy (Paucibacillary or Multibacillary), type of leprosy reaction and location of the notified patient for geoprocessing. In all, 398 cases were reported, 59.11% were male, mean age 44,7 ± 16,9 years and the most common clinical form was multibacillary (53,3%), mostly male (58,8%). Of the total, 50 patients had leprosy reactions, 46% of which were type 1, 36% of type 2 and 18% had both type 1 and type 2 reactions. The neighborhoods with the highest incidence of cases were Rodeio, Vitória Régia, Cavalhada 3 and Jardim Guanabara. From the use of geoprocessing in individuals diagnosed with leprosy, it was possible to find areas with a higher density of cases, which helps in directing public policies for treatment and prevention of the disease.Item Avaliação de mama puerperal por imagem de termografia: complicações na amamentação no pós-parto imediato(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Silva, Lisânia Batista da; Amaral, Marcelo Magri; Lima, Andrea Conceição GomesThe breast is an attached gland of the skin that constantly undergoes changes in its biological manifestations and the temperature of the breast undergoes changes due to several factors, among which the endogenous, can be studied through a thermogram in this way the present work was performed with the aid of medical infrared thermography technique to assess breast temperature to detect breast engorgement. Objective: To analyze the development of engorged breasts in the puerperal period by carrying out a pilot study of the use of thermography to evaluate engorged breasts. Methods: nineteen lactating volunteers, seven normal and twelve engorged, were evaluated by clinical examination and thermographic images. Two regions of interest per breast form selected in the thermographic images. The average temperature in these regions was statistically compared. Results: The patients had an average age of 27 years, with the level of education mostly completed high school, without a job, married and most patients had between 1 and 2 children, all participants underwent prenatal care and the mean temperature of the normal breast was 34.13 ± 0.71 °C and the abnormal breast was 35.03 ± 0.50 °C. Conclusion: The data obtained made it possible to analyze the thermographic changes of the puerperal breast, thus contributing to more accurate diagnoses, so the results indicated that, with the clinical examination and infrared thermography, it was possible to delineate a differential pattern between the various events that affect the breast. in the lactation process.Item Efeito do selante de fibrina heterólogo associado ao exercício aquático no processo de reparo tendíneo em ratas(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Hidd, Silvia Maria Cardoso Magalhães; Amaral, Marcelo Magri; Tim, Carla RobertaAcute rupture of the calcaneus tendon is a very common type of injury, its increasing is generally related to sports practices. Its treatment is a controversial topic, involving several methods, conservative and surgical. These techniques can trigger problems that harms their complete regeneration. Currently, several studies have been carried out looking for new therapies to provide a low-cost fast tissue repair and reduced negative effects on population health conditions. Among different approaches, biomaterials have presented an excellent alternative for this regeneration process. Fibrin sealant derived from snake venom (SFDVS) has been used successfully in different surgical methods, both in animal’s and humans’ models, due to its hemostatic and adhesive potential. Aquatic exercise is one of the therapeutic strategies for rehabilitation, it consists of physical exercises to improve muscle properties, helping to reduce pain and edema, stimulating the repair process. Thus, the present study aimed to value the use of SFDVS associated or not with aquatic exercise as a form of treatment in the process of repair of the calcaneus tendon of rats. For this, 84 rats of the Wistar strain underwent surgical induction with partial transection of the calcaneus tendon. The animals were randomly divided into four treatment groups and subdivided into three periods (7.14 and 21 days) containing 7 animals in each: Control (L); SFDVS (LS); and aquatic exercise (LE); SFDVS associated with aquatic exercise (LSE). The volume of edema was evaluated 24 h, 7, 14 and 21 days after the surgical procedure. Histological sections of the calcaneus tendon were evaluated for quantification of collagen (Masson's Trichrome and Picrosirius Red) and pathological changes by the analysis of slides stained with HE. The Bonar score was used to evaluate cell morphology, cellularity, vascularization and accumulation of fundamental substance. The comparison between the experimental groups was performed using Kruskal-Wallis and ANOVA tests, with a significance level of 0.05. A greater reduction in animal edema was observed from the seventh day on in all treatments (p < 0.002), when compared to the control group. After 7 and 14 days of treatment, the LE presented the greatest reduction in the volume of edema (p = 0.03041) compared to the control. After 21 days of treatment (LS) it was the one that presented the greatest reduction of edema compared to the control group. By quantifying collagen, it was possible to verify an increase in its concentration for LSE not the period evaluated after 21 days of treatment. Histopathological analysis using Bonar score showed a significant improvement in histopathological characteristics in tendons of animals treated with (LSE21), presenting statistically lower score values when compared to the other groups. Thus, the SFDVS associated with aquatic exercise positively influenced the repair of the calcaneus tendon, becoming a promising treatment for future clinical applications.