Engenharia Biomédica
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorioacademico.universidadebrasil.edu.br/handle/123456789/33
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Desenvolvimento de um Hidrogel à base de Laponita com liberação controlada de oxigênio para aplicações em feridas cutâneas infectadas(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Costa Neto, Almiro Mendes da; Marciano, Fernanda Roberta; Lobo, Anderson de OliveiraSkin wounds are a worldwide problem with significant morbidity and mortality, particularly when infection occurs. The most common pathogens are Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. In tissue repair, control of bacterial colonization is essential. Biomaterials are used in this process, among them, hydrogels with nanoparticles. This work aims at the production of hydrogel based on laponite with controlled release of oxygen for application in infected skin wounds. Many clays are added to polymers to improve their properties, among them, Laponite of formula Na + 0.7 [(Si8Mg5.5Li0.3) O20 (OH) 4]. Substances have been associated with hydrogels to be released into wounds, including oxides in aqueous media. This is an experimental, descriptive and quantitative study verifying in vitro the bactericidal activity of laponite hydrogel with calcium peroxide (CPO) releasing oxygen. E. Coli and S. Aureus were grown. They were formulated in 9% laponite hydrogels with 5% CPO, 10% and 20% laponite. The bactericidal activity of the hydrogels was verified by the size of the inhibitory halo, in millimeters. The relationship between the size of the inhibitory halos and the concentrations was verified through Pearson's Correlation with a significance level of 5%. During the first 5h, the CPO hydrogels in laponite showed increased oxygen release. Considering the release of oxygen present in the hydrogel, dispersing through the medium and inhibiting microbial growth, it was possible to observe the formation of inhibition halos in all tested concentrations. The results showed that the three formulations of 9% laponite containing calcium peroxide were able to inhibit microbial growth by 100%, with halos greater than 9 mm against both bacterial strains. Against S. aureus, it was found that the correlation between the size of the inhibitory halos and the activity of the hydrogels at different concentrations showed a statistically significant difference (p <0.05). Against E. coli there is a strong correlation between the size of the inhibitory halos and the highest concentrations of hydrogel, particularly at 10%, which showed a statistically significant difference. Laponite acted as an efficient barrier to oxygen and showed antomicrobial activities and the hydrogel produced was a potential candidate for the treatment of infections and healing of skin wounds.Item O uso da bioimpressora 3D em traumatologia da face em imagens de tomografia computadorizada do hospital de urgência de Teresina-PI(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Pires, Jéssica Waleska Dias; Marciano, Fernanda Roberta; Lobo, Anderson de OliveiraWith the advancement of technology, a new feature has gained ground, especially in the area of surgery for facial fractures: three-dimensional (3D) printing. This technique allows the scientific community to approach the authenticity that the images present with better clarity, facilitating the diagnosis of medicine. Bioprint templates can be used for preoperative preparation, such as a template to establish implantable devices, eg cartilage and bone tissue to produce a biological template according to the needs of each patient, thus reducing the likelihood of rejection. Therefore, this work aims to analyze through the cross-sectional and experimental methodology the use of a 3D Bioprinter and 3D Printer of a computed tomography exam in the reconstruction of facial trauma occurred in patients at the Hospital de Urgência de Teresina/PI. A virtual model was created by CAD software in STL format, later the model was "sliced" to GCODE file. For the use of the 3D Bioprinter, tests were carried out with several types of materials, such as polycaprolactone (PCL), laponite, in addition to variations in pressure, temperature and speed parameters. Therefore, the Bioprinter was used to print the graft prototype obtained with PCL and solvent. The Laponite clay used in another impression through the 3D Bioprinter, for having a hydrophilic characteristic, had a visual aspect in the form of a gel in an aqueous solution. The facial trauma graft printed on a 3D Printer with Lactic Polyacid (PLA) presented a morphology compatible with the STL model obtained through tomography images, being an advantage of the FDM technique, as it is possible to create structures with pore and porosity geometries controllable and reproducible.Item O uso da bioimpressora 3D em traumatologia da face em imagens de tomografia computadorizada do Hospital de Urgência de Teresina-PI(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Pires, Jéssica Waleska Dias; Lobo, Anderson De Oliveira; Marciano, Fernanda RobertaWith the advancement of technology, a new feature has gained ground, especially in the area of surgery for facial fractures: three-dimensional (3D) printing. This technique allows the scientific community to approach the authenticity that the images present with better clarity, facilitating the diagnosis of medicine. Bioprint templates can be used for preoperative preparation, such as a template to establish implantable devices, eg cartilage and bone tissue to produce a biological template according to the needs of each patient, thus reducing the likelihood of rejection. Therefore, this work aims to analyze through the cross-sectional and experimental methodology the use of a 3D Bioprinter and 3D Printer of a computed tomography exam in the reconstruction of facial trauma occurred in patients at the Hospital de Urgência de Teresina/PI. A virtual model was created by CAD software in STL format, later the model was "sliced" to GCODE file. For the use of the 3D Bioprinter, tests were carried out with several types of materials, such as polycaprolactone (PCL), laponite, in addition to variations in pressure, temperature and speed parameters. Therefore, the Bioprinter was used to print the graft prototype obtained with PCL and solvent. The Laponite clay used in another impression through the 3D Bioprinter, for having a hydrophilic characteristic, had a visual aspect in the form of a gel in an aqueous solution. The facial trauma graft printed on a 3D Printer with Lactic Polyacid (PLA) presented a morphology compatible with the STL model obtained through tomography images, being an advantage of the FDM technique, as it is possible to create structures with pore and porosity geometries controllable and reproducible.