Produção Animal
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorioacademico.universidadebrasil.edu.br/handle/123456789/34
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112 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Desenvolvimento de protótipo eletrônico para manejo de cortina, ventilador e nebulizador em instalações para suínos(Universidade Brasil, 2024) Faria, Ricardo de Souza; Zeferino, Cynthia Pieri; Pereira, Luiz Arthur MaltaThe climate has a significant impact on swine production, being a decisive factor in achieving productivity and, consequently, the success of the activity. Environmental factors must be monitored to maintain favorable conditions; thus, it is necessary to develop accessible technologies to measure the microclimate of swine farms. The study aimed to develop a low-cost electronic prototype to assist in maintaining thermal comfort in small and medium-sized swine facilities. The prototype was developed using the Arduino Mega platform and combines the measurement of environmental variables (air temperature, relative humidity and black globe temperature) to calculate the dew point and ambience indices (Temperature and Humidity Index; THI and Black globe-humidity index; BGHI). The equipment classifies thermal stress and, through programming, indicates the decisions to be made regarding the activation of curtains, fans and nebulizers. The total cost to manufacture a sample was US$ 97.80 (in US dollars). The laboratory tests were conducted under three different conditions and their results confirmed the functionality, thus validating the prototype. In the indoor environment, in the shade, the stress was moderate and the management measures proposed by the prototype were the complete opening of the curtains, with fans on. In the outdoor environment, in the sun, the stress was severe and the measures proposed were the complete opening of the curtains, with fans and nebulizers on. In the outdoor environment at night, there was no heat stress, therefore, no type of management was proposed. In conclusion, the developed and validated prototype is configured as an efficient and low-cost technological tool to assist in maintaining thermal comfort in swine facilities, both for subsistence and on a commercial scale for small and medium-sized producers.Item Custo-benefício do uso de suplemento mineral injetável “off-label” em fêmeas zebuínas antes do início da estação de monta visando incrementar retorno financeiro(Universidade Brasil, 2024) Farto, Brígida Gabriela de Jesus Sales Sousa; Bertipaglia, Liandra Maria Abaker; Orlandi, Cássia Maria BarrosoNutrition directly influences the fertility of bovine females, as well as the survival of the embryo, in addition to ensuring, postpartum, an adequate body score for the female to return to reproduction. Reproductive performance intensely influences the revenue of beef cattle production systems and must be managed rationally. The objective was to evaluate the cost-benefit and reproductive performance of Nelore zebu heifers and primiparous heifers submitted to “off-label” injectable mineral supplementation, before implementing the Fixed Time Artificial Insemination (IATF) protocol. The experiment was carried out on a rural property, in the municipality of Alto Alegre dos Parecis, state of Rondônia. Heifers and primiparous cows were grazed in paddocks with Urochloa Brizanta grass and Big Cromo Cria mineral salt supplementation. The two groups (heifers and primiparous cows) were divided into treatment subgroups (57 heifers and 75 primiparous cows received injectable mineral mixture supplementation, and 51 heifers and 88 primiparous cows did not receive injectable mineral mixture supplementation). The injectable mineral mixture used was the commercial product Fosfosal® Virbac, at a dose of 10 mL, applied intramuscularly, 30 days before the TAI program. Injectable mineral supplementation in “off-label” Nelore cattle, both primiparous and heifers, did not demonstrate a significant effect on increasing the pregnancy rate. And the economic results reaffirm that this practice does not contribute to optimizing economic efficiency and profitability of calf production in these categories.Item Fontes e níveis de vitaminas e minerais na deposição de gordura intramuscular e qualidade da carne em novilhas Angus x Nelore(Universidade Brasil, 2024) Ferraz, Lenita Pompeo; Dian, Paulo Henrique MouraThe experiment aimed to evaluate the effect of premixes containing different sources and levels of trace elements and vitamins on intramuscular fat deposition and meat quality in crossbred Angus x Nelore heifers. Forty-two females weighing approximately 358 kg and aged 13 to 26 months were divided into three experimental groups of 14 animals each: Treatment A (Control) – standard level of vitamins A, D and E; without vitamins in the B and C complex; selenium and zinc in inorganic forms; Treatment B - without vitamin A, vitamin D at a reduced level and vitamin E at a higher level; without vitamins in the B and C complex; zinc (same level as treatment A) and selenium at a reduced level, in organic forms; and Treatment C - without vitamin A, vitamin D at a reduced level and vitamin E at a higher level, with vitamins in the B and C complex; selenium and zinc (level of treatment B) in organic forms. The animals were weighed biweekly and consumption was monitored daily by pen. Ultrasound measurements were performed at the beginning and end of the experiment. Meat quality analyses were performed after slaughter. Overall, weight gain results were similar among the 3 experimental groups. Mean delta marbling was numerically higher for treatment C compared to the others. The highest b* value was observed for treatment C, not significantly different from A, but tending to be different from B. Treatment C had the highest number of carcasses classified as having the highest grades (Treatment A: 38%, Treatment B: 31%, Treatment C: 58%). For animals with low initial levels of marbling measured by ultrasound (<3.35), Treatment C tended to provide a higher mean USDA score at the end compared to Treatment A (+1.4 points), and Treatment C tended to have higher total fat content in the rib eye. The cost of the formula was the highest for treatment C and the lowest for treatment A. However, considering a special carcass grading program for the Angus breed (Brazilian Gold Program) and the extra payment of this program (10% bonus), Treatment C provided the highest number of carcasses that could be graded and receive extra revenue.Item Desenvolvimento de sistema RFID para rastreabilidade e gerenciamento das ações sanitárias de bovinos de corte(Universidade Brasil, 2024) França, André de Souza; Belo, Marco Antonio de AndradeConsidering that the State of Rondônia has contributed significantly to the beef cattle segment, being the fifth largest state in terms of volume of animals slaughtered and the sixth largest exporter of beef, the development of a system that enables the traceability of the animal from the their birth until slaughter complies with the determinations stipulated by the European Community. In this context, the aim of the work was to assemble a device that will interact with the developed application, enabling the insertion of data and allowing the traceability of information, being an easy-to-use, practical, objective and low-cost means of in order to contribute to positive results in this sector. The research was carried out by designing a computerized application, easy to use, for users with different affinities with IT, using the PHP language, an acronym for "Hypertext Preprocessor", enabling its use on any device connected to the internet and having a browser . Before programming began, the database structure was designed and later created in MySql. The results of the bibliographic review indicate that livestock farming in Brazil, especially in the State of Rondônia, has international health recognition, meeting the standards of market demands, providing production and export records for agribusiness in Rondônia and that traceability allows the identification of the animal with greater security, which is crucial for greater health control, providing the collection of all data and information entered into the system relating to the animal, contributing significantly to decision making on health issues. Therefore, it is concluded that for the continued growth of the economy in this sector, efficient sanitary control is necessary, and is one of the ways to maintain the safety of animal products and by-products, guaranteeing the commercialization of products with extreme quality for both the local and local markets. national and international, which confirms the importance of the application developed in this work.Item Aprimoramento de sensor de ambiência para índices de conforto térmico em instalações de bovinos leiteiros(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Zampieri, João Henrique; Brennecke, Käthery; Pereira, Luiz Arthur MaltaAgribusiness is one of the most prominent economic activities in Brazil, and cattle farming is one of the most representative of them, but there is still a need for advances for it to remain competitive. The biggest stressor in dairy cattle farming is the climate, more specifically the heat, which affects considerably the welfare of the animals. In this context, the environment influences the living conditions of an organism, and the climate and the ability to adapt are responsible for influencing the behavior of the animals. In order to determine the effects of heat stress on animals, indices of thermal comfort have been developed taking into account climatic and/or physiological variables, helping producers and researchers to find the best means to reduce the stress caused by heat and determine the best time for measures to be implemented in order to provide thermal comfort to animals. Among the indices proposed in the literature, the temperature-humidity index (THI) and the black globe temperature and humidity index (BGTHI) stand out. Regarding rural workers, among the several existing thermal comfort indexes, we can highlight the thermal discomfort index (TDI). In order to obtain an ideal thermal environment for cattle in warm climatic regions, it is necessary to adequately monitor the environment to provide welfare to production animals and to achieve satisfactory zootechnical performance. In this sense, precision dairy farming, a management system based on information technology, enables greater control of animal and environmental variables, improving the performance of the dairy farm. To obtain values of climatic variables, there are devices known as dataloggers, which are nothing more than electronic devices that record data collected over a period of time, through sensors on its platform and that allow the calculation of thermal comfort indexes. In this work the objective was to improve a datalogger sensor capable of collecting biometeorological data from a dairy farm and transform them into ambience indices, providing the thermal classification of the environment to the producer. For this, a microcontrolled Arduino platform was used, with temperature and relative humidity sensors attached to it. The prototype read the climatic variables providing the values of air temperature, relative humidity, black globe temperature, dew point temperature, THI, BGTHI, TDI and thermal classification of the environment in favorable (comfort), alert (cold and heat) and danger (intense cold, intense heat and unbearable heat), thus responding to the producer's demand and consequently assisting in decision making regarding the appropriate management for the animal and rural worker welfare.Item Desenvolvimento de plataforma colaborativa para fomento da agricultura familiar(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Lindner, Andréia Luciane; Pereira, Luiz Arthur MaltaIn Brazil, there is a lack of technical assistance, especially for small rural properties. The 2017 Census revealed that only 20.7% of the establishments in Brazil received some kind of technical guidance, and this percentage was even lower, 18.7%, among family farmers. Surveys conducted in 2020 by Embrapa and INPE revealed that 84% of Brazilian farmers already use digital technology as a tool to improve agricultural production. In this context, with the aim of minimizing the lack of information, this work proposes the construction of a platform that enables rural producers to access simplified and practical technical content on livestock. The platform will provide information on the three main infectious diseases controlled by the state, facilitate the notification of suspected cases to the Official Veterinary Service of the State of Rondônia, assist in the recognition of toxic plants of interest in livestock, provide technical manuals on cattle management and allow the sharing of information on professionals who can provide specialized technical services to producers. All the programming developed was stored on a third-party web server and can be accessed through the electronic address , through desktops, notebooks, tablets or smartphones that have internet access.Item Avaliação do sêmen fresco e criopreservado de garanhões suplementados com antioxidantes e compostos naturais(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Melo, Gizele Monsueth; Orlandi, Cássia Maria BarrosoSêmen cryopreservation before the period of natural mounting can optimize the use of biotechnology during the reproductive period. However, stallions can be improved as far as supplementation (supp) with antioxidants and natural compounds, a specialty out of the reproductive season. Thus, the diet of four Quarter Horse Stallions was supplemented during 75 days by a commercial product: folic acid, Beta Carotene, L- Carnitine, milled whole flaxseed, Vitamin C and E. Experimental period initiated with sêmen being collected for basal biological leveling (exhaustion of sperm reserves), followed by sêmen collection for criopreservation (phase 1). After this period, the supp was initiated and at its finalization, a new phase was performed by basal biological leveling (n= 6 collection x 4= 24) and sêmen collection for criopreservation (n=24) successively. Despite the fact that 96 ejaculates were obtained, only 24 pre and post supp were cryopreserved and compared after thawing. Fresh sêmen variables were analyzed immediately after collection and submitted to Box Plot representation, without significant differences. After thawing sêmen straws, previously processes in respective moments pre and post supp, were then submitted to CASA (Computerized assisted sperm analysis) and kinetics variables were determined. Other variables as: sperm plasma membrane integrity were assessed by fluorescent probes and morphology by phase contrast microscopy, but no significant differences were found. Criopreserved sêmen data was submitted to PROC MIX, from SAS; and resulted in significant differences as far as variables from kinetics by CASA: motility, velocity, movement amplitude ( superior for pre vs post supp) and linear and rectilinear ( superior at post versus pre supp).Item Desenvolvimento de sistema de monitoramento animal para o “zoológico do centro de instrução de guerra na selva” do Exército Brasileiro (Sismozex)(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Moreira, Roseneide de Oliveira; Bertipaglia, Liandra Maria Abaker; Pereira, Luiz Arthur MaltaThe activities of the veterinarians and biologists at the zoo are varied, and one of them is documentation, which is currently done manually and filed in specific archives alongside the zoo's general documents. The software represents a tool designed to enhance the efficiency, agility, and productivity of the veterinarians who will now digitally manage the medical records of the animals at the "Zoo of the Jungle Warfare Instruction Center" (ZOOCIGS). The objective of this work was to develop software for managing the individual and clinical information of the animals at ZOOCIGS. The software was named "Sistema de Monitoramento para o Zoológico do Centro de Instrução de Guerra na Selva, do Exército Brasileiro (SISMOZEx)" and is restricted to ZOOCIGS. This allows for the secure registration and recording of the daily care routines, as well as the protocols carried out with each captive animal. In this way, we can ensure that the veterinarians involved in the activity care for the animals in a safe and appropriate manner. It was concluded that managing information on the animal's review and the clinical care provided using software is safe, agile, and guarantees the efficiency of the care provided to the zoo's animals. This system enhances the agility of including information on the animals' daily routine, providing valuable data on identification, anamnesis, the animals' clinical history, medication records, and veterinary medical prescriptions.Item Avaliação dos níveis de cálcio e fósforo presentes em dietas BARF e Prey model para cães adultos e em crescimento(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Moura, Angélica Kischener de; Zeferino, Cynthia Pieri; Soares, Vando EdésioThe change in the consumer profile of pet owners and the increased concern with the ingredients present in the commercial complete diets has led to more owners opting to offer homemade diets, based on diet recommendations found on websites. Among the homemade diets’ varieties, raw diets are gaining more supporters in Brazil, with emphasis on BARF (biologically aproppriate raw food), which consists of raw meats with or without bones, offal and a small percentage of vegetables, fruits, and seeds, and also prey model, which does not include any vegetables, only meats with or without bones and offal. .The objective of this study was to evaluate the composition of calcium and phosphorus in homemade raw diets in the BARF and prey model modalities and compare them with the recommendations of the European Pet Food Industry Federation (FEDIAF, 2021), in addition to evaluating the relationships between these two nutrients. Thirty homemade raw diets were evaluated, 20 in the BARF category (10 for adult and 10 for growing dogs) and 10 in the prey model category (all for both adults and growth). To compose the diets, the instructions described on websites in English were followed to determine the percentage of ingredients for each physiological phase. Bromatological analyzes were carried out on the nine ingredients of animal origin that contained bones (whole quail, whole rabbit, chicken foot, chicken head, chicken neck, chicken thigh, chicken drumstick, chicken back and chicken wing) to obtain calcium and phosphorus levels. The nutritional composition of foods was estimated using software. Of the 30 formulations evaluated, none reached the minimum values for calcium, phosphorus and Ca/P ratio recommended by FEDIAF, (2021), with calcium being the nutrient with the highest incidence of values below the recommendation. The results highlight the presence of nutritional inconsistencies in the recommendations for raw diets with bones in the BARF and prey model modalities on the websites and reinforce the need for care when formulating a homemade raw food for dogs in different physiological phases.Item Ambiência, comportamento ejaculatório e parâmetros do sêmen de garanhões Quarto de milha(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Rissi, Letícia Sarro; Brennecke, Käthery; Orlandi, Cássia Maria BarrosoThe environment in which horses are placed, especially those undergoing reproductive management, is an important aspect to be evaluated. Since reproductive processes can be influenced by well-being issues, disruptions in physiological factors caused by stress can interfere with reproductive performance. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of the collection room ambiance on the behavior, semen volume, and concentration of Quarter Horse stallions. The stallions used had weights ranging from 416 to 505 kg and ages within active sexual maturity, varying from 6 to 24 years, selected based on fertility index. The experimental design employed was a dependent paired-sample design with four stallions. Movements during mounting and dismounting were observed, with a chronological recording of copulatory behavior using a camera attached to a mobile device (Samsung, model SM-A107 M/DS, Galaxy A 10s). Parameters such as muscle contraction, tail movement, and pawing were documented by day, month, and time, with identification of each animal. This analysis was initially conducted at normal video speed, and subsequently, for confirmation, the video speed was slowed down to work with each behavior separately. The frequency (number) of each activity involved in the process and the elapsed time (in seconds) for each activity were recorded. These data were then correlated with the ambiance, assessed by local internal and external temperature, digital device (dry and wet bulb), wind speed, dew point, relative humidity, and black globe index. The model also considered semen volume and concentration. The results did not reveal any influence of the collection room ambiance on the behavior, semen volume, and concentration of Quarter Horse stallions.