Monografias, Dissertações e Teses
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Item Síntese, determinação estrutural, análise dos orbitais naturais de ligação e estudo espectroscópico vibracional e eletrônico do composto de coordenação BIS (Dietilditiocarbamato) Ferro(II) [Fe(DDTC)2].(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Télles Zepeda, Claudio Andrés; Pessoa, Rodrigo SávioWe performed the synthesis, computational molecular modeling and vibrational/electronic spectroscopic analysis of the coordination complex Iron(II) Bis(Diethyldithiocarbamate) [Fe(DDTC)2]. The optimization of the molecular structure was performed using Density Functional Theory with the functional B3LYP and basis set 6-311G(d,p). The experimental FT-IR and Raman spectra of the complex were recorded in the range 4000 – 0 cm-1, in order to correlate them with the calculated spectra. Most of the DFT calculated frequencies were found to agree with the experimental results. In order to investigate the internal electronic mobility of the complex, we performed the natural bond orbital analysis (NBO), which provides information regarding intramolecular charge transfer interactions that result from the overlapping of bonding and antibonding orbitals, as well as information about the electronic distribution between the HOMO and LUMO orbitals due to charge transfers. We also correlated the calculated and experimental UV-Vis spectra in order to investigate the configurations of several excited states of the complex that involve intra-ligand transitions. The results corroborate the existence of several Ligand to Metal and and Metal to Ligand charge transfer transitions, as well as metal-centered d-d transitions.Item Membranas eletrofiadas a partir de poliácido láctico e mesocarpo de buriti (Mauritia flexuosa): produção, caracterização e potencial antimicrobiano(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Furtado, Dênis Rômulo Leite; Costa, Adriana Pavinatto da; Rodrigues, Bruno Vinícius ManzolliMedicinal plants have always been widely used as a preventive or curative form for diseases. Among them, we can mention buriti, a fruit widely used in folk medicine for the treatment of dermatological diseases, wound healing and as an antimicrobial agent. After the emergence of nanotechnology, the development of biomaterials that associate different materials, including medicinal plants, has been growing a lot. Among the nanostructuring techniques used, electrospinning stands out for producing membranes at nanometer scales with interesting properties for biomedical applications. In this context, the objective of this work was to produce, characterize and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of electrospun membranes formed from poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and buriti mesocarp (Mauritia flexuosa) (MESOBU). The membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy (FTIR) and contact angle measurements. Antimicrobial evaluation (in vitro), was performed using bacterial Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Echerichia coli, as well as Candida albicans fungus, using disk diffusion and microdilution methods.The data obtained were analyzed in a statistical program Graphpad Prism software, version 8.0.1, considering a significance level of 5% (p < 0.05). SEM images demonstrated the formation of homogeneous fibers, randomly organized and without the presence of defects. The FTIR spectra showed the main vibrational bands for chemical groups forming PLA, and hydrophilicity measurements show that the formed membranes have hydrophobic characteristics. In the disk diffusion and microdilution test, the PLAMESOBU 1% membrane showed antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms; the PLAMESOBU 0.5% membrane only showed antimicrobial activity in the microdilution test. In view of the observed results, PLAMESOBU membranes showed a promising potential for use as a biomaterial.Item Ozonioterapia: regulamentação jurídica(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Paez, Thalita Toffoli; Tim, Carla Roberta; Santos, Laurita dosThe present work aims to address the use of ozone therapy for treatment in humans, combined with the need to provide specific and complete legal guidelines. Ozone is a highly toxic gas, but it has an important antioxidant, bactericidal, anti-inflammatory characteristic and helps in the repair process. For this reason, the artificial production of this gas was started, for its therapeutic use, whose technique is called ozonotherapy. However, it is questioned whether the technique is a safe and effective treatment, since application in inadequate doses or routes of application can bring serious results to the patient. Currently, when the chosen route is auto-hemotherapy, it is possible that it is administered in a judicious and personal way, making the analysis of the individual's biomarkers and their tolerance to ozone, given the fact that the levels of gas tolerance are different in each subject. It turns out that, there is no specific legislation that ensures which professionals can prescribe and use ozone therapy, having several class councils already positioned themselves favorably. In 2018, the Ministry of Health incorporated ozone therapy as an integrative and complementary practice of the Unified Health System, provided it is applied in precise therapeutic doses, without, however, establishing criteria for the definition of the dose to be applied. Health is a social right that must be safeguarded in order to preserve a healthy and dignified life, which is why any health treatment can only be prescribed and carried out under appropriate conditions of safety and inspection, supported by scientific research and its own legislation. It is necessary to have specific and complete legislation on the subject, able to bring parameters and application protocols, in order to provide guarantees to professionals and patients who intend to treat. Thus, a research of the literature was carried out on electronic bases in the health and legal areas, there was no restriction on languages or publication data. Several articles were found, eliminating a duplication of titles and after reading abstracts, selected those that best fit the theme of this work. In a next step, perform a complete reading of all articles and the theoretical framework of this thesis was created. After reading and selecting the few and incomplete regulations on ozone therapy, he made a published work, which is a proposal for a complete review of the legislative content on ozone therapy. The proposed regulation brings the main parameters for the application of the technique, as well as the contraindicated routes, training of the professional who will manage the therapy, the qualified professionals, cautionary exams when due to auto-hemotherapy, care and responsibilities. In this sense, the present proposal of legislative content, was delivered to members of the Legislative Power, so that, observing the constitutional requirements, it can be used as a basis for the project, and eventually a future law, which will contain adequate and complete content regarding the theme.Item Impacto do desassoreamento nos recursos hídricos de reservatório de importância socioturística em Fernandópolis-SP(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Ramos, Elise Baroni; Vanzela, Sergio; Menegasso, Cleber FernandoDesilting is an important work in reservoir’s recovery, however, even if temporary, it disturbs the environment and can become a process of potential pollution in water resources. The objective was to evaluate the silt excavation operation impact in an important sociotouristic reservoir in Fernandópolis-SP. For this purpose, qualitative water variables were monitored, and the evolution of the service was accompanied. Completely randomized experimental design in 2 x 3 x 4 factorial scheme was used, and the main effects were runoff periods (with and without runoff), the level of second were excavation periods (before, during and after) and the level of third were monitoring points (points upstream E1, E2 and E3 and point S downstream, in relation to the reservoir). 100 water samples were collected, in a total of 25 biweekly/monthly sampling campaigns, and 13 aerial drone surveys were carried out between July 2020 and March 2022. To evaluate the qualitative water variables, analysis of variance was performed for the analyzed effects, followed by the mean comparison test. To evaluate the excavation progress effect, the Pearson correlation test was performed, followed by regression analysis. It was observed that the dynamics of sediment removal presented two distinct periods, which terrain instability, associated with precipitated rainfall, reduced the operational yield by 59.6%. During the desilting work, there was negative impact in the ammonium and ammonia concentration, increasing the averages by 154.1% and 151.9%, respectively. The excavation dynamics correlated only with water conductivity, resulting in an expected average increment of 1 µScm-1 for every 175 m3 removed. Considering those results and the reservoir historical, landscape, cultural and tourist importance, the desilting operation was adequate. However, it is necessary to carry out restoration and maintenance works in the reservoir contribution basin to minimize future problems with siltation.Item Avaliação da descontaminação de máscaras de proteção facial utilizando radiação UV-C(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Mota, Mara Soares de Almeida; Navarro, Ricardo Scarparo; Baptista, AlessandraInfectious respiratory diseases (IRD) are predominantly transmitted by airborne droplets or aerosols between people with close interactions. IRDs have a high rate of mortality and transmission between populations. The use of face protection masks (FPM) are effective in reducing the transmission of IRDs. Different methods are used for surface decontamination. The physical method of decontamination with UV-C radiation has shown effective results in different areas. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate FPM decontamination using UV-C radiation. Quadrangular samples from the masks were contaminated with a suspension of 108 CFU/ml of E. coli, in exponential phase, with the aid of a spray bottle inside the laminar flow. Three types of masks were evaluated (n=9): Tricoline (cotton) (T), Surgical (S) and N95 (N) at different times of UV-C irradiation, with portable SURFACE UV® equipment (MMOptics, São Carlos, Brazil, ƛ= 254 nm), the distance of 1 cm from the surface of the samples, scanning mode, at times of 30s, 45s and 60 s. To evaluate the microbial reduction, the samples were immersed in a test tube containing sterile saline solution, submitted to mechanical agitation for microbial recovery, and subsequently performed serial dilutions in the order of 1:10. Aliquots of the suspensions were seeded on Mueller Hinton agar for final microbial counts. The experiment was carried out in triplicate. All data were analyzed for their distribution by the Shapiro-Wilk test. Parametric data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey test. Nonparametric data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon test (p< 0.05). The study showed that UV-C radiation promoted effective decontamination of different models of FPM contaminated with E. coli. In Tricoline and Surgical the microbial reduction was observed in the time of 30 s and total decontamination in the times of 45 s and 60 s. In N95, total decontamination was observed at all irradiation times. The type of face protection mask influenced the effects of UV-C. The UV-C irradiation from 30 s onwards reduced the microbial load and from 45 s onwards promoted total decontamination in all types of masks tested.Item O IPTU verde no município de Jales/SP(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Celes, Natália Carolina Castanheira; Américo-Pinheiro, Juliana Heloísa PinêThe green IPTU is a tax that is levied on urban properties and makes up what is called the tax burden. It was implemented in the municipality of Jales/SP on November 11, 2009, to serve as a bonus for taxpayers, granting tax discounts to those who adopt certain sustainable practices provided for in Municipal Law No. 3,686/2009. Through this research, the Technical Manual for requesting Green IPTU in the municipality of Jales/SP was developed with the aim of covering all Urban Territorial Property Tax (IPTU) taxpayers in the municipality of Jales/SP, who seek a reduction in their burden. tax, as well as improving quality of life, minimizing environmental impacts. The purpose of the Manual is to inform the taxpayer what Green IPTU is about, what measures must be adopted to grant the discount, the advantages of this tax incentive and the procedure to be adopted to request the benefit. Its objective is to promote an incentive for owners to fulfill the social function of the property, benefiting society and the public sphere, through small ecological and environmentally friendly adaptations. To develop this work, a bibliographical review was carried out on IPTU, sustainability, municipal legislation and municipal data. The images and pictures used in the manual were created with the help of the CANVA website and artificial intelligence. The reduction in the value of IPTU is the main incentive to join the program, but the benefits of an ecological home extend to saving water and energy, which has a positive effect on the budget in the long term. It is concluded that the tax benefit presents both economic and environmental efficiency results.Item Aprimoramento de sensor de ambiência para índices de conforto térmico em instalações de bovinos leiteiros(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Zampieri, João Henrique; Brennecke, Käthery; Pereira, Luiz Arthur MaltaAgribusiness is one of the most prominent economic activities in Brazil, and cattle farming is one of the most representative of them, but there is still a need for advances for it to remain competitive. The biggest stressor in dairy cattle farming is the climate, more specifically the heat, which affects considerably the welfare of the animals. In this context, the environment influences the living conditions of an organism, and the climate and the ability to adapt are responsible for influencing the behavior of the animals. In order to determine the effects of heat stress on animals, indices of thermal comfort have been developed taking into account climatic and/or physiological variables, helping producers and researchers to find the best means to reduce the stress caused by heat and determine the best time for measures to be implemented in order to provide thermal comfort to animals. Among the indices proposed in the literature, the temperature-humidity index (THI) and the black globe temperature and humidity index (BGTHI) stand out. Regarding rural workers, among the several existing thermal comfort indexes, we can highlight the thermal discomfort index (TDI). In order to obtain an ideal thermal environment for cattle in warm climatic regions, it is necessary to adequately monitor the environment to provide welfare to production animals and to achieve satisfactory zootechnical performance. In this sense, precision dairy farming, a management system based on information technology, enables greater control of animal and environmental variables, improving the performance of the dairy farm. To obtain values of climatic variables, there are devices known as dataloggers, which are nothing more than electronic devices that record data collected over a period of time, through sensors on its platform and that allow the calculation of thermal comfort indexes. In this work the objective was to improve a datalogger sensor capable of collecting biometeorological data from a dairy farm and transform them into ambience indices, providing the thermal classification of the environment to the producer. For this, a microcontrolled Arduino platform was used, with temperature and relative humidity sensors attached to it. The prototype read the climatic variables providing the values of air temperature, relative humidity, black globe temperature, dew point temperature, THI, BGTHI, TDI and thermal classification of the environment in favorable (comfort), alert (cold and heat) and danger (intense cold, intense heat and unbearable heat), thus responding to the producer's demand and consequently assisting in decision making regarding the appropriate management for the animal and rural worker welfare.Item Desenvolvimento de plataforma colaborativa para fomento da agricultura familiar(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Lindner, Andréia Luciane; Pereira, Luiz Arthur MaltaIn Brazil, there is a lack of technical assistance, especially for small rural properties. The 2017 Census revealed that only 20.7% of the establishments in Brazil received some kind of technical guidance, and this percentage was even lower, 18.7%, among family farmers. Surveys conducted in 2020 by Embrapa and INPE revealed that 84% of Brazilian farmers already use digital technology as a tool to improve agricultural production. In this context, with the aim of minimizing the lack of information, this work proposes the construction of a platform that enables rural producers to access simplified and practical technical content on livestock. The platform will provide information on the three main infectious diseases controlled by the state, facilitate the notification of suspected cases to the Official Veterinary Service of the State of Rondônia, assist in the recognition of toxic plants of interest in livestock, provide technical manuals on cattle management and allow the sharing of information on professionals who can provide specialized technical services to producers. All the programming developed was stored on a third-party web server and can be accessed through the electronic address , through desktops, notebooks, tablets or smartphones that have internet access.Item Avaliação do sêmen fresco e criopreservado de garanhões suplementados com antioxidantes e compostos naturais(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Melo, Gizele Monsueth; Orlandi, Cássia Maria BarrosoSêmen cryopreservation before the period of natural mounting can optimize the use of biotechnology during the reproductive period. However, stallions can be improved as far as supplementation (supp) with antioxidants and natural compounds, a specialty out of the reproductive season. Thus, the diet of four Quarter Horse Stallions was supplemented during 75 days by a commercial product: folic acid, Beta Carotene, L- Carnitine, milled whole flaxseed, Vitamin C and E. Experimental period initiated with sêmen being collected for basal biological leveling (exhaustion of sperm reserves), followed by sêmen collection for criopreservation (phase 1). After this period, the supp was initiated and at its finalization, a new phase was performed by basal biological leveling (n= 6 collection x 4= 24) and sêmen collection for criopreservation (n=24) successively. Despite the fact that 96 ejaculates were obtained, only 24 pre and post supp were cryopreserved and compared after thawing. Fresh sêmen variables were analyzed immediately after collection and submitted to Box Plot representation, without significant differences. After thawing sêmen straws, previously processes in respective moments pre and post supp, were then submitted to CASA (Computerized assisted sperm analysis) and kinetics variables were determined. Other variables as: sperm plasma membrane integrity were assessed by fluorescent probes and morphology by phase contrast microscopy, but no significant differences were found. Criopreserved sêmen data was submitted to PROC MIX, from SAS; and resulted in significant differences as far as variables from kinetics by CASA: motility, velocity, movement amplitude ( superior for pre vs post supp) and linear and rectilinear ( superior at post versus pre supp).Item Desenvolvimento de sistema de monitoramento animal para o “zoológico do centro de instrução de guerra na selva” do Exército Brasileiro (Sismozex)(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Moreira, Roseneide de Oliveira; Bertipaglia, Liandra Maria Abaker; Pereira, Luiz Arthur MaltaThe activities of the veterinarians and biologists at the zoo are varied, and one of them is documentation, which is currently done manually and filed in specific archives alongside the zoo's general documents. The software represents a tool designed to enhance the efficiency, agility, and productivity of the veterinarians who will now digitally manage the medical records of the animals at the "Zoo of the Jungle Warfare Instruction Center" (ZOOCIGS). The objective of this work was to develop software for managing the individual and clinical information of the animals at ZOOCIGS. The software was named "Sistema de Monitoramento para o Zoológico do Centro de Instrução de Guerra na Selva, do Exército Brasileiro (SISMOZEx)" and is restricted to ZOOCIGS. This allows for the secure registration and recording of the daily care routines, as well as the protocols carried out with each captive animal. In this way, we can ensure that the veterinarians involved in the activity care for the animals in a safe and appropriate manner. It was concluded that managing information on the animal's review and the clinical care provided using software is safe, agile, and guarantees the efficiency of the care provided to the zoo's animals. This system enhances the agility of including information on the animals' daily routine, providing valuable data on identification, anamnesis, the animals' clinical history, medication records, and veterinary medical prescriptions.