Monografias, Dissertações e Teses
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Efeitos da fotobiomodulação por laser de baixa intensidade associado ou não ao extrato vegetal Abelmoschus Esculentus Linn sobre a inflamação aguda do tendão calcâneo induzida por colagenase em ratos Wistar(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Silva, Rauena Souto Diogo Lopes; Ferraresi, Cleber; Oliveira, Rauirys Alencar deINTRODUCTION: In the current literature, the association between electromagnetic resources (photobiomodulation (FBM) by low intensity laser (LBI) and / or by emitting diode light (LED) in the infrared electromagnetic spectrum and plant extracts (ointments / gels) in the treatment of tendinitis are still scarce, however, it is believed that both can help in resolving the inflammatory process OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of low intensity laser photobiomodulation (FBM) with or without the “Abelmoschus Esculentus Linn” extract, in treatment of calcaneus tendon tendonitis experimentally induced via collagenase in Wistar rats METHODOLOGY: 40 male Wistar rats submitted to the experimental model of tendinitis via collagenase application on the right paw.The animals were divided into 4 experimental groups: control group (GC), extract (EX), photobiomodulation (FBM) and the combined treatment group (FBM + EX), which were treated in a controlled manner during the period experimental period of 7 and 14 days. The variables studied in this study were: inflammatory cells, fibroblast count and the percentage of collagen fibers (types I and III). RESULTS: It was observed in the study in the inflammatory cell count that the FBM (0.010) and AS (0.043) groups showed a significant reduction in the number of inflammatory cells in the intragroup analysis. Regarding the findings in the fibroblast count, it was proved in the intragroup analysis that the CG (0.0035) showed a significant increase in the number of fibroblasts, while the FBM group (0.013) showed a significant reduction in the proliferation of fibroblasts. In the intergroup analysis, the experimental groups (EX, FBM and AS), showed a significant increase in the proliferation of fibroblasts when compared to the CG in the experimental times studied. Finally, in the analysis of the percentage of collagen fibers, it was found that the FBM group had the best results on collagen proliferation (types I and III). CONCLUSION: It is concluded that the extract Abelmoschus Esculentus Linn, when applied in isolation, does not optimize the proliferation of type I collagen in the expected phase of the calcaneus tendon repair process. However, it has been shown that FBM is able to assist the proliferation of fibroblasts and induce the proliferation of type I collagen, reducing the proliferation of type III collagen in the late phase (14 days).Item Efeitos do Biopolímero de fibrina heterólogo e fotobiomodulação no reparo de feridas cutâneas em ratos(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Silva, Naldiana Cerqueira; Tim, Carla Roberta; Maia Filho, Antônio Luiz MartinsCutaneous wounds are a public health problem in Brazil and worldwide with a negative impact on the lives of thousands of people, that raise treatment costs and make it difficult to maintain the sustainability of health systems. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of LED-mediated-photobiomodulation therapy associated or not with the use of heterologous fibrin biopolymer (HFB) on the repair of cutaneous wounds in rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 21 animals as follows: control group (CG) whose wounds were treated with 0.9% saline solution; LED group (LED) whose wounds were irradiated with LED (660 nm, 166 mW, 60 s, 9.96 J); heterologous fibrin biopolymer group (HFB) whose wounds were treated exclusively with HFB; group LED + heterologous fibrin biopolymer (LED + HFB) whose wounds were irradiated with LED and HFB was applied. Two full-thickness cutaneous wounds were created on the back of each animal: a longitudinal wound measuring 3 cm and a circular wound with the diameter of 2 cm. The applications of LED and HFB were performed immediately after injury and followed an interval period of 72 hours between the posterior applications as described: with 2 applications for the 7-day groups, 4 applications for the 14-day groups and 6 applications for the 21-day groups. Animal euthanasia occurred in three different time periods: 7, 14 and 21 days after surgery. Macroscopic analysis, morphometric analysis of the wound repair index, descriptive histological and histomorphometric analysis, collagen quantification and tensile strength analysis. In the macroscopic findings, it was possible to observe the absence of necrosis, odor, presence of fibrosis or fluid in the lesion cavity in all experimental groups. Particularly In the control group, there was mild local inflammation evidenced between the fifth and sixth day after injury, that did not manifest in the other groups. The analysis of the wound repair index demonstrated that the treated groups presented greater wound reduction in the three periods of evaluation. Histopathological analysis revealed that the treatments presented a better repair process in comparison to the control group. Comparing the applied treatments, it was observed that only in the HFB group the dermis exhibited a denser extracellular matrix after 21 days. The collagen evaluation demonstrated that all treatments induced greater collagen deposition and maturation when compared to the control group. However, at 14 and 21 days the HFB group presents greater deposition of collagen type I and collagen maturation. The analysis of the traction force at 7 days of experiment showed better performance of the treated groups, while at 14 and 21 days the group that used HFB had greater resistance in the suture region. The results indicate that treatments using HFB and LED, either isolated or associated, stimulated the wound repair process in rats.Item Avaliação do Óleo Ozonizado e da Fotobiomodulação no tratamento nos efeitos locais provocados pelo veneno da serpente Bothrops Jararacussu - Evaluation of Ozonized Oil and Photobiomodulation in the treatment of local effects caused by snake venom Bothrops Jararacussu(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Fernandes, Jéssia Oliveira dos Santos; Cogo, José Carlos; Navarro, Ricardo ScarparoThe poisoning of the Bothrops jararacussu (jararacuçu) snake (B.jararacussu) causes local effects such as pain, swelling, inflammation, hemorrhage and myonecrosis. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of ozonized sunflower oil (OZO) associated or not with photobiomodulation (FBM) in the local effects promoted by Bothrops jararacussu venom. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Bothrops jararacussu venom was injected into the right gastrocnemius muscle (30 µg/50 µl NaCl 0.9%; i.m.) and the animals were euthanized 3 and 24 h later. The oil was ozonized using a corona generator (Ozone & Life® Model R&L1.5RM) and the FBM was used with the following parameters: Thera Laser, DMC®, red 685 nm, 4 J/cm2, 100 mW, 0.3 cm2, 1 .2 J, 12 s, spot. FBM was applied immediately after inoculation of the venom and OZO was also applied immediately after inoculation of the venom soaked in gauze for 15 minutes. In the control groups, the animals were injected with saline solution (NaCl 0.9%) and treated with OZO or FBM. In the groups injected with the venom, the animals were treated with OZO and FBM applied separately or together. The animals were anesthetized, the muscles removed, rinsed with PBS (phosphate buffer solution), fixed in 10% formaldehyde for 3 to 24 h, processed by routine histology techniques and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. The histological sections were analyzed under a light microscope and the cells counted and measured using the J imaging program. Necrotic and normal cells were evaluated, quantitative and morphometric analysis was performed, cellular edema was quantified by measuring the area and weight of the muscles and determined the levels of creatine kinase (CK) release. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer tests (p< 0.05). RESULTS: The results showed that the venom promotes myonecrosis of muscle cells characterized by edema and rupture of muscle cells. It promotes intracellular edema and CK release due to disruption of cell membranes. Treatment with FBM and OZO, applied separately, protects the muscle from the action of venom toxins, decreasing intracellular edema and decreasing CK release. OZO applied alone provided better protection than FBM. The association of FBM with OZO did not promote a synergistic effect in this protection. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that due to the beneficial effects observed in these results, OZO can become an adjuvant treatment in poisoning. promoted by Bothrops jararacussu together with the antivenom, reducing the local harmful effects. This improvement is due to the therapeutic effects of OZO.Item Uso do biopolímero de fibrina heterólogo associado ou não à fotobiomodulação no processo de reparo tendíneo(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Dutra Jr., Enéas de Freitas; Tim, Carla Roberta; Amaral, Marcelo MagriIntroduction: The tendons are susceptible to injuries, and the calcaneal tendon is frequently injured. However, there is much controversy about the treatment of tendon injuries. In this perspective, the use of heterologous fibrin biopolymer (HFB), a homeostatic agent that has been used in several types of surgeries and a surgical strategy for the treatment of tendon injuries. In addition, non-surgical treatment using laser photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has been shown to be effective in the repair process. Objective: To evaluate the effect of heterologous fibrin biopolymer associated or not with photobiomodulation in the tendon repair process. Methodology: 84 Rattus norvegicus belonging to the Wistar strain were used. The animals were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups with N=21 animals in each: Control (CG); Heterologous fibrin biopolymer (HFB); Photobiomodulation (PBM); Heterologous fibrin biopolymer + Photobiomodulation (HFB + PBM). The groups were subdivided into 3 experimental periods: 7, 14 and 21 days. The animals received HFB immediately after partial tendon transection. PBM started the lesion induction for 24 hours and was followed for 7, 14, 21 days. For PBM, a 660 nm, 40 mW, 0.23 J and 6 second laser was used. The volume of the edema was evaluated, immediately before the tendon transection; 24 hours after tendon transection; on the day of euthanasia, following their respective experimental periods. The descriptive histopathological analysis and through the Bonar scale in the partially transected tendon region and the quantification of blood vessels were performed using slides stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE). Collagen quantification was performed using slides stained with Masson's trichrome. Results: The results of the edema volume showed that, 24 hours after partial transection of the calcaneus tendon, there was no statistical difference between the experimental groups. After the three experimental periods, it was observed that the treatment groups were effective in reducing edema when compared to control. A histological analysis revealed that PBM had a major tendon injury after 7 days. However, in the periods of 14 and 21 days, the PBM had a better repair process compared to the GC, while the HFB and HFB + PBM had a better repair process when compared to the GC in the 3 experimental periods. PBM showing a greater number of blood vessels after 7, 14 and 21 days. In the quantification of collagen, there was no statistical difference between the groups, in the 3 experimental periods. Conclusion: The results obtained with the HFB and PBM treatments, granted or associated, were effective in reducing the volume of the edema, stimulating the repair process. However, the use of HFB alone is more effective in promoting the tendon repair process. Thus, this study consolidates previous studies of tendon repair with this new HFB. Clinical futures will be included to validate this proposal.Item Fotobiomodulação como coadjuvante no tratamento da lesão pulmonar aguda decorrente de sepse(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Dantas, Emanuelle; Garcia, Lívia Assis; Tim, Carla RobertaSepsis is a common condition associated with high mortality and, for many who survive, long-term morbidity. It is defined as infection with organ dysfunction, with the lung being one of Organs most affected organs. Acute lung injury (ALI) is a serious and serious disease, characterized by infiltrations of pulmonary inflammatory cells, diffuse alveolar damage, in addition to loss of the alveolar epithelium, together with edema and changes in gas exchange. During the rehabilitation period, there is a growing concern to modulate these processes in order to prevent complications and favor the patient's functional recovery. The therapeutic verification of the applications of photobiomodulation therapies (PBM) through lasers and LEDs) in the clinical treatment of inflammatory diseases is currently well known, however the mechanisms of action triggered by these resources and their use in clinical practice for the treatment of APL due to sepsis still remains incipient. Thus, this thesis aimed to provide an understanding of the current evidence on the importance of PBM in the treatment of respiratory disorders and its possible applicability in APL due to sepsis, as well as to evaluate and compare in vivo the PBM response through laser and LEDs on the LPA in rats. A qualitative, descriptive and exploratory narrative literature review was carried out and an experimental study using male Wistar rats, allocated in 3 (three) experimental groups: Sepsis control (CS); laser treatment (LASER); LED treatment (LED). Irradiations in the red wavelength (630 nm) were applied at three points (anterior region of the trachea and in the ventral regions of the chest, bilaterally) 1 and 24 hours after surgery. Based on all verified evidence and results observed in this study, it is inferred that PBM through laser and LED can be proposed as a support for conventional medical therapy in the treatment of APL arising from sepsis, due to the potential to mitigate the inflammatory condition, prevent the progression of the lung parenchyma lesion and, consequently, reduce the recovery time of the patient with ALI due to sepsis.Item Efeitos agudos da fotobiomodulação sobre variáveis respiratórias e a capacidade funcional em tabagistas e ex-tabagistas: ensaio clínico randomizado, triplo-cego e placebo controlado(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Macedo, Thaline; Ferraresi, CleberIntroduction: Smoking, in addition to affecting the functionality of the respiratory muscles, can increase resistance to airflow and reduce the individual's functional capacity, impairing their quality of life. Photobiomodulation (FBM) has gained prominence for being an effective resource in promoting the improvement of muscle performance in athletes and in the face of some diseases. However, studies on the acute effects of FBM on respiratory variables and functional capacity in smokers and ex-smokers are scarce in the literature. Objectives: To evaluate the acute effects of FBM applied to respiratory muscles, on lung function and respiratory muscle strength. Material and methods: A randomized, crossover, triple blind and placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted. 16 volunteers participated in the study, 10 smokers and 06 ex-smokers. All volunteers were randomly subjected to two intervention sessions: 1) an effective FBM session applied to the region of the main respiratory muscles through a cluster of 69 LEDs (light-emitting diodes) with a total power of 690 mW and energy total of 62 Joules, containing 35 LEDs in the red range (630 ± 10 nm; 10 mW; 0.2 cm2; 31.5 J) and 34 LEDs in the infrared range (830 ± 20 nm; 10 mW; 0.2 cm2; 30.6 J); irradiation time in each treatment region was 90 seconds. 2) a placebo FBM session, in which the same procedures as the effective session were followed, but the equipment did not emit light. All volunteers were assessed at 3 times: 1) pre intervention, 2) 1 hour after the intervention and 3) 24 hours after the intervention. A one-week washout was performed between the FBM and placebo sessions. All volunteers underwent pulmonary function assessment using spirometry, thoracoabdominal mobility using axillary, xiphoid and abdominal levels. In the post intervention moments, functional capacity was also assessed using the 6-minute walk test. For data analysis, a 5% significance level was adopted. Results: There were no significant differences for any of the variables of spirometric outcome, cirtometry and 6MWT minutes (p> 0.05) in the comparison between groups. Conclusion: the main results of this study showed that a single FBM session with the parameters used, applied to the respiratory muscles was not effective in improving lung function, respiratory muscle strength, thoracoabdominal mobility and functional capacity in smokers and ex-smokers.Item Desenvolvimento de uma manta de LEDs em formato de fita ajustável para aplicações de terapia de fotobiomodulação(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Silva Filho, Francisco do Nascimento; Costa, Mardoqueu Martins da; Ferraresi, CléberLight emitting diodes (LEDs) are photobiomodulatory devices formed by solid semiconductors joined together and that generate a reliable and high power light source in narrow ranges of light bands (between 20-50 nm) and that have been gaining prominence in the context of health and aesthetics. In this context, the objective of the work was to develop an LED strip in an adjustable ribbon format for photobiomodulation applications and an application (App) for mobile device and equipment control via Bluetooth. The device was formed by an irradiation blanket, electronic control equipment using the Arduino platform and the control app with an MIT App Inventor for Android software interface (Massachusetts Institute of Technology). Based on what was found in this study, it appears that the development of an LED mat for this purpose proved to be feasible. It was also observed that the features of the App were compatible with the platform in question. Thus, the present research found that the LED blanket developed with photobiomodulation proved to be viable, and future work is essential, adding new features and functions, optimizing its usability to professionals working in the aesthetic and physical education fields.Item Avaliação do conhecimento sobre fotobiomodulação dos fisioterapeutas no Brasil(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Arruda Neto, Euler; Nunez, Silvia CristinaPhysiotherapy is the profession that assesses, rehabilitates, prevents, recovers, as well as restores, develops, and conserves the individual's capacity through physical resources such as ultrasound, heat and light. Electrophysical resources are described and recommended in undergraduate courses and among these we find the use of low power lasers. Brazil is one of the countries with the most publications in the world in the area known as Photobiomodulation (PBM), however, it is not clear the access that physiotherapy clinicians have to the advances obtained in scientific research. The purpose of this study is to verify, through an electronic form, the knowledge of physical therapists enrolled in class councils about PBM in daily practice. An electronic questionnaire Google Form was developed, and it was sent by email, WhatsApp social networks, SMS, and printed forms were also distributed. The distribution started in the region of Goiás and the Federal District with the support of CREFITO 11 and then expanded to other regions. In total 106 physiotherapists answered the questionnaire. Of these 50% used lasers in the clinic, while 10.4% had never used lasers. After obtaining the data and according to the responses obtained, we observed 50% that physiotherapy professionals. 81.4% said they did not use it because they did not have the equipment and 10.2% indicated the cost as a reason for not using it. Among the participants, 62.3% said they had not made any updates in the area in the last 3 years and of those who said they had updated the courses up to 1 hour in duration were the majority. 76.5% also never calibrated their equipment and 45.7% said they used the protocols they learned at graduation. Based on the results, we conclude that there is a need for greater dissemination of the scientific knowledge obtained in the field of PBM in physical therapy so that the advances are effectively passed on to professionals who work clinically in the area.Item Fotobiomodulação no manejo da mucosite oral em hospitais do Brasil: a busca por uma diretriz clínica(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Passos, Januaria Lima Ribeiro; Nunez, Silvia CristinaCancer is one of the most frequent diseases worldwide. Oral mucositis (OM) is a common and debilitating complication of chemotherapy (CT), head and neck radiotherapy (RT) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Photobiomodulation (PBM) IS one of the therapeutic alternatives for prevention and treatment of OM. The objective of this study was to carry out a survey of data from the protocols applied for PBM in public and private hospitals in Brazil. A cross-sectional, quantitative study was carried out with the application of questionnaires to dentists, built specifically to understand the establishment of protocols and their outcomes, to verify if there is a consensus on the use of PBM in OM in Brazil. According to the analysis of the results, we observed that dentists work both in public and private hospitals in Brazil and most of them are employed by the institution. The PBM protocols, as well as, the initial assessment of patients, are performed by the dental surgeon who claims to use protocols based on scientific evidence. More modern equipment’s with 100 mW of power are the most used ones and, according to the interviewees, frequently checked. For OM induced by QT and HSCT, preventive and therapeutic protocols were cited, while for RT only one protocol was cited. The prevailing wavelength was red, and only for therapeutic HSCT the 2 wavelengths had the same frequencies. In all cases, energies of 1 and 2 J were the prevailing ones, with irradiation performed in a punctual way. The frequency of irradiation depends on the duration of RT, or it is performed for 5 days in a week for QT and HSCT, and only in therapeutic HSCT did the interviewees point out the symptomatology and the clinical aspect as relevant for the choice of treatment. According to our results, the treatment of OM with PBM presents constancy of energy and form of application, which may explain its spread and successful application in different regions of the country in a homogeneous way.Item Uso da terapia por fotobiomodulação a laser no tratamento do paciente com covid-19 em unidade de terapia intensiva(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Neves Neto, Messias Augusto das; Tim, Carla Roberta; Garcia, Lívia AssisThe pandemic context ended up causing the exploration of new treatment methods in the face of the conditions presented by patients in this period. In this bias, photobiomodulation therapy has been characterized as a viable therapeutic aspect for the treatment of patients with COVID-19 in the Intensive Care Unit, since it has great potential for biological alteration. To demonstrate the feasibility of the treatment, a case report was carried out that aimed to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation as an adjuvant treatment in a patient with COVID-19 admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). A 68-year-old man with severe COVID-19 received 5 sessions of PBMT by laser, once daily. The treatment protocol consisted of the association of the application of local PBMT with 808 nm laser and the application of a transdermal laser in the radial artery with a 660 nm laser. The patient was evaluated before and after treatment through radiological evaluation, blood tests and oxygen requirement. Oxygen saturation (SpO2) increased from 92% in the support of oxygen with a mask without rebreathing 13 L/min to 95% in the delivery of O2 2 L/min in a nasal catheter, tolerating the withdrawal of oxygen therapy for 20 minutes. This case report showed that the use of photobiomodulation therapy in the adjuvant treatment of a patient with COVID-19 decreases oxygen needs over several days and without the need for a ventilator. Future controlled clinical trials are needed to assess the effects of PBMT on clinical outcomes in patients with acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
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