Fotobiomodulação como coadjuvante no tratamento da lesão pulmonar aguda decorrente de sepse

Abstract

Sepsis is a common condition associated with high mortality and, for many who survive, long-term morbidity. It is defined as infection with organ dysfunction, with the lung being one of Organs most affected organs. Acute lung injury (ALI) is a serious and serious disease, characterized by infiltrations of pulmonary inflammatory cells, diffuse alveolar damage, in addition to loss of the alveolar epithelium, together with edema and changes in gas exchange. During the rehabilitation period, there is a growing concern to modulate these processes in order to prevent complications and favor the patient's functional recovery. The therapeutic verification of the applications of photobiomodulation therapies (PBM) through lasers and LEDs) in the clinical treatment of inflammatory diseases is currently well known, however the mechanisms of action triggered by these resources and their use in clinical practice for the treatment of APL due to sepsis still remains incipient. Thus, this thesis aimed to provide an understanding of the current evidence on the importance of PBM in the treatment of respiratory disorders and its possible applicability in APL due to sepsis, as well as to evaluate and compare in vivo the PBM response through laser and LEDs on the LPA in rats. A qualitative, descriptive and exploratory narrative literature review was carried out and an experimental study using male Wistar rats, allocated in 3 (three) experimental groups: Sepsis control (CS); laser treatment (LASER); LED treatment (LED). Irradiations in the red wavelength (630 nm) were applied at three points (anterior region of the trachea and in the ventral regions of the chest, bilaterally) 1 and 24 hours after surgery. Based on all verified evidence and results observed in this study, it is inferred that PBM through laser and LED can be proposed as a support for conventional medical therapy in the treatment of APL arising from sepsis, due to the potential to mitigate the inflammatory condition, prevent the progression of the lung parenchyma lesion and, consequently, reduce the recovery time of the patient with ALI due to sepsis.