Monografias, Dissertações e Teses
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorioacademico.universidadebrasil.edu.br/handle/123456789/1
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Bioaerossóis e seus riscos à saúde ambiental em um pet shop(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Leal, Rosimeire Aparecida da Silva; Vazquez, Gisele Herbst; Kozusny-Andreani, Dora InésOccupational exposure to cats and dogs can cause respiratory symptoms in veterinarians and attendants. Research carried out in pet stores indicates microbiological contamination of the air through exposure to bioaerosols. The objective of this study was to analyze the presence of microorganisms in bioaerosols from a pet shop in Fernandópolis/SP. On days 21, 23 and 25/11/2022, air samples were collected by exposing Petri dishes containing culture media open for 30 min at 1.5 m from the floor, in the central part of the work room, before, during and after dog bathing, grooming and drying procedures. The plates were incubated at 37oC for 24-48h for the growth of bacteria and yeasts, after which Colony Forming Units - CFU were counted and identified using conventional biochemical methods. During the bathing and grooming of the animals, the microbial community in the air was quantitatively higher and qualitatively different from those at the beginning and end of the procedure, a fact that was repeated on the three days of analysis. The results indicated resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to the antibiotics Ceftazidine, Tobramycin, Penicillin, Oxacillin and Erythrominin greater than 80% and 100% sensitive to Amikacin. It was concluded that the bioaerosols from the evaluated pet shop present high contamination by microorganisms (Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus sp, Bacillus sp and Escherichia coli) produced mainly during bathing, grooming and drying of dogs, which raises concerns regarding the risk of disease transmission by these pathogens to the animals treated and to humans who are on site and in direct contact with the bioaerosols and work equipment.Item Bebedouros coletivos: análises microbiológicas e plano de higienização baseado no ambiente de instalação(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Santos, Mateus Leonardo Welika dos; Vazquez, Gisele Herbst; Kozusny-Andreani, Dora InésDrinking fountains, as they are for collective use, have a great potential for microbiological contamination, mainly due to lack of hygiene and/or contact with users with contaminated hands and mouths. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the physical structure of drinking fountains and the microbiological quality of water in a university. As a secondary objective, a hygiene plan based on training was established for those responsible for cleaning the drinking fountains, in addition to instructive posters on correct hand hygiene and the use of drinking fountains. Seven drinking fountains were evaluated for their state of conservation, location and microbiological quality of the water and its surfaces (taps and vats), in addition to the quality of water from artesian wells and plastic jerry cans, from March to April 2022. Two industrial stainless steel drinking fountains were evaluated, two with a column and three with a gallon of commercial mineral water. The evaluated parameters were: counts and identification of mesophilic microorganisms, total and thermotolerant coliforms. The industrial stainless steel models were located close to laboratories and toilets and were in adequate physical condition, the others in pantries/kitchens, teachers' lounges, reception and inside a veterinary hospital. The microbiological analysis of the water indicated that 71.4% (5) of the drinking fountains had total and thermotolerant coliforms and 100% total mesophiles, therefore outside the standards of Ordinances GM/MS nº 2.914/2011 and 888/2021. The faucets and vats of all equipment also had a higher number of total mesophiles than that proposed by the American Public Health Association (2014), which can be attributed to incorrect cleaning of the drinking fountain, the gallon and the handler's hands and the proximity to toilets. A column and a table water fountain were discarded because they were in poor condition, new industrial models were purchased and positioned in suitable locations. The supplier of gallons of mineral water was replaced and the water tanks in the artesian wells were chlorinated. Two awareness and training lectures were held on the hygiene of drinking fountains for cleaning staff. In the restrooms, instructive posters were posted on hand hygiene. It was concluded that 28% of the drinking fountains are in an inadequate state of conservation and the water and the surface of the faucets and vats of all the university's drinking fountains had microbiological contaminants. A hygiene program was implemented and it is expected that this will contribute to the health and well-being of students, professors, employees and university visitors.Item Efeito antibacteriano da água ozonizada sobre agentes etiológicos de doenças transmitidas por alimentos(Universidade Brasil, 2024) Moraes, Carla Maria Zordan Geraldo de; Kozusny-Andreani, Dora Inés; Tim, Carla RobertaFresh vegetables have been frequently identified as a source of bacterial pathogens that can cause foodborne illnesses. Microbial pathogens can adhere and form biofilms on the surfaces of raw fruits and leafy vegetables and can be difficult to remove. Different chemical sanitizers are used for food sanitization, however ozone, due to its oxidative power, has a broad antibacterial effect on a variety of species, including spores, vegetative cells and Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Ozone is an important tool in vegetable sanitization and plays a relevant role in improving food quality and microbial safety, since the control of spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms is essential throughout the production chain of cultivation, processing, distribution and consumption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ozonated water in the inactivation of Salmonella Enterica serovar Typhimurium (TTC 14028) and Escherichia coli O157:H7 (ATCC 43888) in Sweet Grape tomatoes. To perform the experiments on bacterial viability in suspension and in inoculated tomatoes, the inoculum was prepared in tryptic soybean broth and incubated at 37 °C for 24 hours and adjusted to 106 CFU mL-1. The tomatoes were inoculated by placing 10 units in an autoclaved glass container containing 500 mL of the inoculum of each bacteria and gently shaken for 10 min, and deposited in a biosafety cabinet for 12 hours to facilitate bacterial fixation, subsequently they were removed and air-dried for 10 min in a biosafety cabinet. The ozonation of the water was produced by a commercial ozone generator operating with corona effect and fed by pure oxygen (1.0 L minute-1 ). The gas concentration limited by the calibrated equipment had an O3 flow rate of 17 mg. L-1 . The bacterial suspensions and the inoculated tomatoes were exposed to O3 directly by permanent bubbling at a controlled room temperature of 20ºC. Samples of 0.1 mL were collected at different time periods (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60 minutes), and inoculated on eosin methylene blue agar and xylose lysine deoxycholate agar, incubated at 37°C for 24-48 hours when the colonies were counted. Descriptive statistics of the microbial counts were used for data analysis. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test with Tukey's multiple comparison test was applied to verify possible significant differences between the microbial counts over the time of exposure of the tomatoes to ozonated water. Inactivation of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (ATCC 14028) and Escherichia coli O157:H7 (ATCC 43888) in suspension was observed in 90 minutes and 120 minutes, respectively. E. coli was more resistant to the action of ozonated water, since its microbial count was zero 15 minutes after exposure of the inoculated tomatoes. Meanwhile, tomatoes contaminated with S. typhimurium needed only 10 minutes of exposure to ozonated water to be considered free of contamination. The application of aqueous ozone in the dynamic mode showed antimicrobial effects on the inactivation rate of bacterial cells in suspension and attached (biofilm) to the surface of the tomatoes.Item O descarte de medicamentos e a percepção dos danos ao Meio ambiente pela população de Frutal - MG(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Heitor, Camilla Cortes Carvalho; Pinheiro, Juliana Heloisa Pinê AméricoThe increase in the production and consumption of medicines associated with their incorrect disposal can compromise human and environmental health. This research aimed to evaluate household disposal of medicines and perception of damage to the environment by the population of Frutal - MG, Brazil. As a methodology, a questionnaire was created via Google Forms (free and free platform) with multiple choice questions about age group; sex; income; schooling; disposal of packaging, medication, expired drugs; return to pharmacies; storage; knowledge of the population about damage to the environment. The study made it possible to achieve an inference of 3.20% confidence and 99% reliability within the collected sample. The questionnaire was answered by 1,561 people in the municipality. The results showed that the prevalent age group was between 18 and 29 years old (32.9%). They observed that 70.5% of the answers were female, income of 1 to 2 wages (27.3%), most with higher education (27.8%); 92.7% of the population makes the incorrect disposal and only 7.3% they do it properly; 62.7% of people said they caused damage to the soil by improperly disposing of drugs, 62.3% caused damage to water, 47.5% damage to health and the population and 1.7% there is no contamination when improperly disposing of medicines. They concluded that the population demonstrated understanding about the damage caused to the environment in relation to incorrect disposal, but an intervention is necessary mainly on how to do this disposal properlyItem Efeito do descarte incorreto de pilhas sobre a microbiota do solo e o desenvolvimento do rabanete = effect of incorrect disposal of batteries on microbiota of soil and development of radish(Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco, 2015) Ciaca, Alessandra de Magalhães; Kozusny-Andreani, Dora InésItem Detecção de bactérias em areia de praias do municipio de Caraguatatuba – SP = detection of bacteria on sandy beaches of Caraguatatuba city(Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco, 2015) Tenório, Amanda Nunes; Kozusny-Andreani, Dora InêsItem Qualidade da água de hemodiálise do Hospital Regional de Ilha Solteira, SP(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Scavazini, Claudineia Brito dos Santos; Pinheiro, Juliana Heloisa Pinê AméricoThe increase in people with chronic or acute renal failure, which is the loss of renal function, affects all ages and race. These patients undergo a treatment called hemodialysis, which is the filtering of blood by a mechanical process, through a dialyser connected to the patient through an arteriovenous fistula or a catheter, the hemodialysis unit of the Regional Hospital of Ilha Solteira has 19 machines, serves 83 patients. The water used in hemodialysis must be pure, therefore it must be subjected to a specific treatment carried out by devices such as deionizers, mechanical filters, softeners, activated carbon filters and reverse osmosis. This treatment is expensive and has a high risk of contamination. The objective of the present work is to evaluate the quality of the water used in hemodialysis at the Regional hospital in the municipality of Ilha Solteira, in the year 2017. The interest in observing, evaluating the monitoring of water quality in a dialysis clinic in a public hospital, in municipality of Ilha Solteira (SP), was due to the knowledge of the relevant legislation and the concern to verify compliance with it. Therefore, it is also important to know the entire process of water treatment used in the Hemodialysis unit. Visits were made to the hospital with photographic records of all the equipment that makes the water treatment for hemodialysis, with observations and reading of the data recorded in the unit's database. The methodology used was descriptive research and data collection in the hemodialysis sector records of the hospital under study. Four sample points were defined for analysis. The data obtained met the standard for parameter of heterotrophic bacteria. No thermotolerant coliforms were detected. The physicalchemical results showed values compatible with the legislation and indicated a good functioning of the reverse osmosis membrane, avoiding complications to patients.Item Caracterização microbiológica em ambiente específico de uma biblioteca universitária.(Universidade Brasil, 2017) Portela, Patrícia de Oliveira; Kozusny-Andreani, Dora InésItem Pesquisa de coliformes e salmonella spp. em ovos comercializados em feira livre, no município de Espigão do Oeste – Rondônia(Universidade Brasil, 2016) Rodrigues, Carolina Fourgiotis; Frias, Danila F. Rodrigues; Orlandi, Cássia Maria Barroso