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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Perfil epidemiológico dos casos de síndrome respiratória aguda grave no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, 2020 a 2021(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Goulart, Luiz Fernando Moura; Frias, Danila Fernanda RodriguesThe increase in the number of cases of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) associated with Sars-CoV-2 has originated one of the largest public health emergencies worldwide. This study was developed to examine the epidemiological profile of SARS in the state of Minas Gerais during 2020 and 2021. A cross-sectional, descriptive, retrospective, and qualitative-quantitative investigation was carried out using the state of Minas Gerais as the unit of analysis. Data were collected from the SIVEP-Gripe (Flu) system and the COVID-19 Case Monitoring Panel, for the years 2020 and 2021. The following variables were analyzed: total COVID-19 cases, total SARS and SARS due to COVID-19, age, gender, race, final classification, and evolution outcome. The data were entered in a spreadsheet, analyzed, and published in the form of graphs, tables, and graphs. The state had 315,726 cases of SARS, of which 58.6% were caused by Sars-CoV-2. Most individuals who had SARS were male (53.2%), aged over 60 years (50.9%), and mixed-race (45.4%). Among the SARS cases, 23.3% evolved to death, and, of these, 77.6% had COVID-19 as the underlying cause. The regions of Uberlândia, Belo Horizonte, Coronel Fabriciano, Patos de Minas, Uberaba, Ituiutaba, Leopoldina, Governador Valadares, and Juiz de Fora had the highest occurrences of SARS/1000 inhabitants. The regions of São João Del Rei, Teófilo Otoni, Passos, and Uberaba stood out with a high lethality rate of patients who had SARS due to COVID-19. The distribution of reported SARS cases and deaths in Minas Gerais was heterogeneous, with a greater number of cases occurring in municipalities with higher population density. The questions presented in this study revealed the deficiencies, weaknesses, and diversities in the response capacities to face the pandemic, suggesting the need for decentralization and restructuring of the health system of several municipalities in the state.Item Teletrabalho x Sustentabilidade: os impactos ambientais das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação em meio a pandemia da COVID-19(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Silveira, Andréia de Jesus Vaz da; Tiossi, Fabiano MartinThe intense digital transformation leveraged by the COVID-19 crisis and the spread of teleworking can invisibly reproduce imbalances, especially with regard to excessive consumerism and waste of energy related to Information and Communication Technologies (ICT's), which expresses a mistaken image that digital technologies and practices have no environmental and human impact. Therefore, the objective of this study is to present the relationship between teleworking and the impacts of ICT's on the dimensions of sustainability, in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. For its elaboration, an exploratory research was carried out, through a systematic review of the literature of the last 5 years. In total, 301 articles were analyzed, and in the last stage, 10 articles relevant to the research were identified. The study made it possible to identify contributions that mitigated challenges related to logistics, sustainability, mobility, costs, efficiency and quality of life for workers. On the other hand, it was also possible to identify disadvantages that can make teleworking unfeasible, such as social, family, psychological, organizational, structural, and management problems. The paradigm that telecommuting was unfeasible in the Brazilian scenario has been broken. Given the diversity of available evidence, it is possible to conclude, in principle, that the real impact of ICT’s is not being presented or evaluated sufficiently to affirm that teleworking has a positive impact on sustainability. However, with the analysis of data and information collected during the research, it is possible to affirm that this study fulfills its general objective, presenting the relationship between teleworking and the impacts of ICT’s in the dimensions of sustainability, in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, new studies are suggested in order to better relate the theme to ICT’s.Item Uso da terapia por fotobiomodulação a laser no tratamento do paciente com covid-19 em unidade de terapia intensiva(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Neves Neto, Messias Augusto das; Tim, Carla Roberta; Garcia, Lívia AssisThe pandemic context ended up causing the exploration of new treatment methods in the face of the conditions presented by patients in this period. In this bias, photobiomodulation therapy has been characterized as a viable therapeutic aspect for the treatment of patients with COVID-19 in the Intensive Care Unit, since it has great potential for biological alteration. To demonstrate the feasibility of the treatment, a case report was carried out that aimed to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation as an adjuvant treatment in a patient with COVID-19 admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). A 68-year-old man with severe COVID-19 received 5 sessions of PBMT by laser, once daily. The treatment protocol consisted of the association of the application of local PBMT with 808 nm laser and the application of a transdermal laser in the radial artery with a 660 nm laser. The patient was evaluated before and after treatment through radiological evaluation, blood tests and oxygen requirement. Oxygen saturation (SpO2) increased from 92% in the support of oxygen with a mask without rebreathing 13 L/min to 95% in the delivery of O2 2 L/min in a nasal catheter, tolerating the withdrawal of oxygen therapy for 20 minutes. This case report showed that the use of photobiomodulation therapy in the adjuvant treatment of a patient with COVID-19 decreases oxygen needs over several days and without the need for a ventilator. Future controlled clinical trials are needed to assess the effects of PBMT on clinical outcomes in patients with acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Item Análises epidemiológica e espacial da Covid-19 no Estado do Piauí(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Macedo, Glauber Bezerra; Tim, Carla Roberta; Garcia, Lívia AssisThe emergence of a new coronavirus in humans, first diagnosed in 2019, has many deaths and serious survival and psychosocial consequences. Through statistical tools and techniques associated with geographic technologies, this ecological, analytical and exploratory study is being developed, whose general objective is to carry out epidemiological and spatial analyzes of the distribution of confirmed cases and deaths from Coronavirus 2019 disease (Coronavirus Disease 2019 - COVID-19), in the year 2020, in the state of Piauí, Brazil. The variables listed are being assigned via the IBGE and SESAPI database. All confirmed cases and deaths with COVID-19 infection that were reported in 2020 in that state were included in the study. In the epidemiological analyzes descriptive statistics were carried out and in the spatial analyses, maps are being constructed using geoprocessing techniques, through the statistical analysis of Moran Global and Local. Preliminary results showed that, in 2020, 143,179 confirmed cases and 2,840 deaths caused by COVID-19 were reported in Piauí. A higher percentage of cases was observed in relation to females, young adults, and deaths in elderly, males, with chronic diseases. The capital Piauiense led the number of cases and deaths from the disease, probably due to the high population density. However, when considering the incidence and mortality coefficients of COVID-19, the highest rates in the state were considered in the municipalities of União and Água Branca, respectively. The spatial analysis of the cases showed clusters of high-high pattern of cases of the disease in the metropolitan region of Teresina, the region between Rios and the region of Tabuleiros do Alto do Parnaíba. A high-high cluster for mortality was verified in fillings in the region of Entre Rios and Vale do Sambito. The analyzes performed provided the visualization of spatial clusters and an identification of vulnerable areas, resulting in information that was not visualized working only with tabular data.Item COVID-19 e os mecanismos de infecção relacionados aos hábitos e estilo de vida(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Carvalho, Jucilene Santos de; Santos, Laurita dosThe COVID-19 pandemic presented itself as a major public health problem for Brazil and the world. It had an impact on health indicators such as morbidity, mortality and health expenditures, and important economic impacts related to the closure of establishments and social isolation. Given this scenario, this research was proposed for the municipality of São Caetano de Sul with the objective of analyzing the relationship between behaviors and life habits of people with coronavirus infection, and comparing the data between two specific moments of circulation of different variants. – Delta and Omicrôn. The data presented in this research are the result of 496 valid interviews. In all, there were 218 positive tests for COVID-19 and 278 negative ones. Among the positives, 44 during the circulation of the Delta variant and 176 during the circulation of the Omicrôn variant. The data analyzed and presented demonstrate how the universe of coronavirus infection is multifactorial and dependent on many conditions. This characteristic is even accentuated when the scenarios of two circulations of different variants are compared, as presented in the study. Some data are similar to what the pandemic presented at a global level (such as data related to gender), but others are well circumscribed to the Brazilian reality, or even regional, considering the region of residence where the participants lived (such as data related to race/color). Some behaviors associated with coronavirus control in national and international literature did not have similar results in this research, such as the number of vaccine doses, social isolation and working conditions. There was no significant variation between respondents who tested positive or negative. This situation can be explained by the profile of the respondents of this survey: they were symptomatic people who sought a diagnostic support service to find out whether or not they were contaminated by the coronavirus.Item O uso de relógios inteligentes na aferição de frequência cardíaca de pacientes internados com diagnóstico de hipertensão arterial sistêmica com COVID-19(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Vieira, Leonardo Matos; Marciano, Fernanda Roberta; Carvalho, Jancineide de Oliveira deWearable technologies become an important topic in the field of health technology for the monitoring and storage of health-related data. Pulse oximetry is the most used wearable in the continuous monitoring of vital signs. However, smart watches have been occupying a space in the portion of the population that practice physical activities with the aim of monitoring heart rate (HR) during their practice. Thus, this study infers about the use of smart watches as an instrument for measuring HR in hospitalized patients diagnosed with systemic arterial hypertension affected by covid-19. For this purpose, HR collection was carried out in 30 patients aged between 40 and 80 years old from male and female internships at Hospital de Campanha in Bacabal/MA, using a digital watch (Fitbit, charge HR) and a finger oximeter as a reference value. The devices (watch and oximeter) were placed on the left arm wrist and on the left index finger simultaneously during 30 minutes of evaluation in the patients. In addition to the HR collected by the devices, other vital signs were observed, such as blood pressure (sphygmomanometer), oxygen saturation (finger oximeter) and respiratory rate by analyzing the electrodes placed on the patients. ANOVA analyzes of variance were performed followed by Tukey's Comparison post-test and Pearson's correlation test with the aid of the GraphPadPrism version 7.0 software (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA, USA). The results indicated that they were patients with a mean age for the male gender of 65.00 ± 15.39 years and for the female gender of 65.91 ± 23.06 years, with a respiratory rate per minute of 20.47 ± 0.5679 and 20.6 ± 0.3754 for males and females respectively, in addition to a similarity of 83.3% in HR measurements performed with the watch (84.9 ± 4.29 bpm) in relation to those with the oximeter (88.2 ± 3.75 bpm) with a Pearson correlation for r = 0.71. It can be concluded that the smart watch can be another instrument to be taken into account during the evaluation of vital signs with the same efficiency as that verified by the oximeter.Item Avaliação da eficácia da auriculoterapia a laser para tratamento de falta de olfato e paladar Pós-COVID-19: relatos de casos(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Silva, Aline Roman Lima; Barros, Amanda Farage Frade; Navarro, Ricardo ScarparoCOVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the new coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The most common symptoms are: fever, dry cough, tiredness, muscle aches, sore throat, headache, nasal congestion, conjunctivitis, rashes, loss of smell and/or taste (anosmia and/or ageusia). The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of laser in acuriculotherapy to treat patients with COVID-19 who presented with anosmia and/or ageusia. In this project to establish a clinical protocol, volunteers (n=12) with a rapid test or PCR test for COVID-19, treated, aged over 18 years, both genders, who had post-COVID-19 anosmia as sequelae, participated in this project. and/or ageusia. The volunteers were treated in the laser auriculotherapy group (ATL, n=6) or in the traditional auriculotherapy control group (ATT, n=6), once a week, for 10 weeks, totaling 10 sessions. In the ATL group, using portable low power diode laser equipment (Laser Duo®, MMOptics, São Carlos, Brazil), semiconductor diode active medium (GaAlAs and InGaAlP), with emission in the infrared wavelength (808 nm), energy of 3 J, fixed power of 100 mW, tip area of 0.03 cm2, dose of 100 J/cm2, time of 30 s in contact with the skin at each acupoint. In the ATT group using rapeseed or mustard fixed by adhesive tape, both groups in the points: SHEN MEN, KIDNEY, SYMPATHETIC, TONGUE, MOUTH, EXTERNAL NOSE, INTERNAL NOSE/PHARYNX, HEART AND LUNGS. They answered the clinical evaluation form and quality of life questionnaires (SF36) in the first and last session. Odor and taste tests composed of sweet, salty, sour, bitter and spicy foods were applied from a questionnaire with the “Likert” scale before and after each session. The ATL group, in the analysis of the mental health parameter related to the SF36, showed a statistically significant difference (p< 0.05) and it was possible to observe improvements in smell and taste of bitter and sour foods after treatment. The ATT group showed significant improvements regarding smell and salty taste. The treatments promoted an improvement and general well-being in the volunteers in both evaluated groups, and in the laser group it was possible to observe better statistically significant results. Laser auriculotherapy has the advantage of being a non-pharmacological, painless therapy with minimal side effects.Item Avaliação dos efeitos da auriculoterapia e auriculoterapia a laser no tratamento das alterações de olfato e paladar pós Covid-19 - estudo clínico(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Oliveira, Andreia de; Navarro, Ricardo Scarparo; Baptista, AlessandraCOVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the new coronavirus, also known as severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). There are characteristic systemic changes during the disease process, and post-COVID-19, called long COVID, we can highlight the sensory changes in smell and taste that directly interfere with individuals' quality of life. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of auriculotherapy (AT) and laser auriculotherapy (LAT) in the treatment of post-COVID- 19 changes in smell and taste. After approval by the CEP (5,357,603), acceptance and signing of the TCLE by the participants, with a positive PCR exam or self-test for COVID-19, treated, aged over 18 years, of both sexes, were randomly divided into groups : G1 (AT) (n=12) AT with mustard seeds; G2 (LAT) (n= 12) AT with low power laser (Laser Duo, MMOptics, São Carlos, Brazil) (808 nm, 3 J, 100 mW, 30 s, tip area 0.03 cm2, 3.33 W/cm2, 100 J/cm2); G3 (LAT placebo) (n= 12) LAT as in group 2, with a barrier at the exit of the laser beam emission; G4 (LAT tip) (n= 12) as in group 2, using acupuncture tip (808 nm, 3 J, 100 mW, 30 s, tip area 0.07 cm2, 1.43 W/cm2, 42.9 J/cm2) (MMOptics, São Carlos, Brazil). In all groups, AT was performed in contact with the skin on the ear at different acupoints (Shen Men, Kidney, Sympathetic, Tongue, Mouth, External Nose, Internal Nose/Pharynx, Heart, Lung), once a week, totaling 10 sessions. Participants were evaluated by anamnesis, Sensory Assessment Tests (SAT) of Smell and Taste before and after each session. The results showed for SAT smell and taste in the intragroup analysis in G1-AT, G2-LAT and G4-LAT tip there was a significant difference before and after treatments (p<0.05), in G3-LAT placebo smell there was no difference for sweet and salty (p>0.05) and there was a difference for bitter, sour, spicy (p>0.05); in G3-LAT placebo taste there was no significant difference (p>0.05) for all variables. For the intergroup analysis for SAT smell and taste: between the auriculotherapy groups (G1 AT, G2 LAT, G4 LAT tip) and G3 LAT placebo there were significant differences (p<0.05), between the auriculotherapy groups they were no differences (p>0.05) and the treatments promoted an effective increase in smell and taste values (p<0.05), the G3 LAT placebo group presented lower results than the treatments groups. It can be concluded that auriculotherapy and laser auriculotherapy were effective in treating changes in smell and taste after COVID-19; the different modalities of auriculotherapy - AT, LAT, LAT tip promoted recovery of smell and taste, with no differences between treatments; there were no placebo effects, the study proposes new therapeutic protocols of auriculotherapy and laser auriculotherapy in the treatment of changes in smell and taste after COVID-19; no side effects, non- pharmacological, non-invasive, painless, with greater patient acceptability.Item Perfil epidemiológico dos casos de síndrome respiratória aguda grave no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, 2020 a 2021(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Gourlart, Luiz Fernando Moura; Frias, Danila Fernanda RodriguesThe increase in the number of cases of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) associated with Sars-CoV-2 has originated one of the largest public health emergencies worldwide. This study was developed to examine the epidemiological profile of SARS in the state of Minas Gerais during 2020 and 2021. A cross-sectional, descriptive, retrospective, and qualitative-quantitative investigation was carried out using the state of Minas Gerais as the unit of analysis. Data were collected from the SIVEP-Gripe (Flu) system and the COVID-19 Case Monitoring Panel, for the years 2020 and 2021. The following variables were analyzed: total COVID-19 cases, total SARS and SARS due to COVID-19, age, gender, race, final classification, and evolution outcome. The data were entered in a spreadsheet, analyzed, and published in the form of graphs, tables, and graphs. The state had 315,726 cases of SARS, of which 58.6% were caused by Sars-CoV-2. Most individuals who had SARS were male (53.2%), aged over 60 years (50.9%), and mixed-race (45.4%). Among the SARS cases, 23.3% evolved to death, and, of these, 77.6% had COVID-19 as the underlying cause. The regions of Uberlândia, Belo Horizonte, Coronel Fabriciano, Patos de Minas, Uberaba, Ituiutaba, Leopoldina, Governador Valadares, and Juiz de Fora had the highest occurrences of SARS/1000 inhabitants. The regions of São João Del Rei, Teófilo Otoni, Passos, and Uberaba stood out with a high lethality rate of patients who had SARS due to COVID-19. The distribution of reported SARS cases and deaths in Minas Gerais was heterogeneous, with a greater number of cases occurring in municipalities with higher population density. The questions presented in this study revealed the deficiencies, weaknesses, and diversities in the response capacities to face the pandemic, suggesting the need for decentralization and restructuring of the health system of several municipalities in the state.Item Análises epidemiológica e espacial da Covid-19 no Estado do Piauí(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Macedo, Glauber Bezerra; Garcia, Lívia Assis; Tim, Carla RobertaThe emergence of a new coronavirus in humans, first diagnosed in 2019, has many deaths and serious survival and psychosocial consequences. Through statistical tools and techniques associated with geographic technologies, this ecological, analytical and exploratory study is being developed, whose general objective is to carry out epidemiological and spatial analyzes of the distribution of confirmed cases and deaths from Coronavirus 2019 disease (Coronavirus Disease 2019 - COVID-19), in the year 2020, in the state of Piauí, Brazil. The variables listed are being assigned via the IBGE and SESAPI database. All confirmed cases and deaths with COVID-19 infection that were reported in 2020 in that state were included in the study. In the epidemiological analyzes descriptive statistics were carried out and in the spatial analyses, maps are being constructed using geoprocessing techniques, through the statistical analysis of Moran Global and Local. Preliminary results showed that, in 2020, 143,179 confirmed cases and 2,840 deaths caused by COVID-19 were reported in Piauí. A higher percentage of cases was observed in relation to females, young adults, and deaths in elderly, males, with chronic diseases. The capital Piauiense led the number of cases and deaths from the disease, probably due to the high population density. However, when considering the incidence and mortality coefficients of COVID-19, the highest rates in the state were considered in the municipalities of União and Água Branca, respectively. The spatial analysis of the cases showed clusters of high-high pattern of cases of the disease in the metropolitan region of Teresina, the region between Rios and the region of Tabuleiros do Alto do Parnaíba. A high-high cluster for mortality was verified in fillings in the region of Entre Rios and Vale do Sambito. The analyzes performed provided the visualization of spatial clusters and an identification of vulnerable areas, resulting in information that was not visualized working only with tabular data.