Bioengenharia
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorioacademico.universidadebrasil.edu.br/handle/123456789/31
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Estudo sobre a epidemiologia dos acidentes com escorpiões no Estado de São Paulo - SP(Universidade Brasil, 2022-08-17) Almeida, Estelita Aparecida de Souza; Cogo, José Carlos; Magalhães, Daniel Souza FerreiraScorpionism is considered a public health problem in developing countries. In Brazil, scorpions are responsible for the highest number of accidents with venomous animals,exceeding the number of accidents with spiders and snakes. The present work aimedo study the epidemiology of the accident with scorpions in the municipality of Fernandópolis,comparing with those that occurred in the macro-region of the Regional Intermanagers Commission (CIR) and in the State of São Paulo. The study wasetrospective and the information was collected from existing information in the DATASUS database, which is a database open to the public (Department ofnformatics of the Unified Health System in Brazil) and SINAN (Information System forDiseases notification form. The period analyzed was from 2013 to 2017. Variablesrelated to the accident were analyzed: cases that occurred in the State of São Paulo, in the CIR region and in the municipality of Fernandópolis;victim-related variables:sex, race; age group, variables related to poisoning and treatment: time elapsedbetween the accident and care in the emergency room, classification of the case (mild,moderate and severe) and evolution of the case. This work also proposed to create afolder with information about scorpionism to be disseminated to the general population. Our results show that in this period there was a significant increase in accidents, withthe growth in the CIR region and the municipality of Fernandópolis greater than thegrowth in the state. Men were the most affected by scorpionism, and the age groupthat suffered the most from this type of accident was between 20 and 59 years old,with the white race being the most affected. Most accidents were classified as mild, State of São Paulo, and emergenrcy room that suffered the most from this type of accident was between 20 and 59 years old,with the white race being the most affected. Most accidents were classified as mild,with deaths only in the data relating to the State of São Paulo, and emergency roomcare occurred within the first hour after the accident. We conclude that the accidentwith scorpions is increasing in the studied regions and that there is an urgent need totake containment measures such as prioritizing the preservation of the environment, avoiding accumulation of garbage and debris and creating means of dissemination tothe population on how to avoid this type of accident. The results of this work and thefolder created containing information about scorpionism fill a gap in the scientific fieldof popular knowledge about the accident with scorpions and the first aid that should betaken in the case of an accident with scorpions. It is also a document to guide futurepublic policy proposals to combat scorpionism in the region.Item Doenças tropicais negligenciadas: caracterização dos indivíduos e distribuição espacial em um município no semiárido do Piauí(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Macedo, Juliana Bezerra; Costa, Adriana Pavinatto da; Rodrigues, Bruno V. M.The study of the occurrence of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) based on the location of cases and local epidemiology provides data on their distribution, allowing the identification of clusters and understanding at an expanded level, constituting a important management tool in the control and elimination programs. Considering that the majority of NTDs found in the worldoccur in Brazil, a country that has millions of people living at the level of extreme poverty concentrated in Northeast region, this study aimed to perform spatial analysis and characterize individuals diagnosed with NTDs from 2013 to 2018 in the city of Picos, which is a municipality in the semi-arid region of the state of Piauí, northeast region of Brazil. Thus, this research is an ecological, analytical and exploratory study carried out through access to compulsory notification forms contained in the municipality's Epidemiological Surveillance.The final population consisted of 1,532 cases in which descriptive statistics were performed, such as absolute and relative frequencies, proportion ratios and incidence calculations. After verifying the global autocorrelation through the Moran index, the local autocorrelation was evaluated through the LISA (Local Indicators of Spatial Association) using Moran Maps for the spatial representation of the Moran scattering diagram.The results were presented in four axes according to methodological specifications and analyzed diseases. A higher percentage of notified cases of dengue was observed, followed by leprosy and tuberculosis. There was a predominance of cases in female in the reports of dengue, leprosy and schistosomiasis. As for the age group, there is a predominance among adults (20 - 59 years). Most of the notifications pointed out as incomplete elementary schooling, however, the high percentage of ignored in the notifications of dengue cases stands out. The brown race was identified as the majority in all NTD notifications. Only for dengue cases were reported in pregnant women. The reported cases of NTD were concentrated in the urban residence area; however, the incidence is higher in the rural area. Although the highest percentage of cases of tuberculosis and leprosy has been verified in primary care points, thelarge number of notifications in secondary care points stands out. The municipality of showed hyper endemic for leprosy. Regarding dengue, most notifications occurred at the tertiary level. The spatial analysis of the cases located in the urban network showed a cluster of neighborhoods with similar incidence rates in neighborhoods close to the city center. A high-risk cluster was identified in the central neighborhoods of the city, which can help to define the priority areas for specific interventions. The information evidenced in the study on local epidemiology and spatial analysismay contribute to the definition of actions aimed at improving the control and reducing the incidence of NTD cases in the city.