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URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorioacademico.universidadebrasil.edu.br/handle/123456789/36
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Avaliação do efeito do extrato aquoso da casca do caule de “Ximenia Americana L.” incorporado à hidrogel à base de gelatina metacrilato (gelma) no processo de reparo ósseo induzido em ratos(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Leal, Seânia Santos; Costa, Adriana Pavinatto da; Oliveira, Rauirys Alencar deSeveral physiotherapeutic modalities have been studied with the aim of promoting bone repair. In the biomedical context, the use of Biomaterials has been studied to stimulate this process. The present work aims to produce, characterize and evaluate the effect of the stem bark extract of “Ximenia americana L.” incorporated into gelatin methacrylate hydrogel (GelMA) associated or not with photobiomodulation (LED) therapy in the bone repair process induced in rats. To this end, the materials GelMA and GelMA + stem bark extract of “Ximenia americana L.” that were used in in vivo experiments. Animal tests were carried out using 50 male Wistar rats distributed into 5 distinct groups called: control group (CG), GelMA group (GG), Gelma + LED group (GLED), GelMA group + Ximenia americana extract ( GE) and GelMA + Ximenia americana extract _ LED (GELED) group, which were subjected to the induced fracture protocol in the diaphyseal region of the right tibia and treated with light by emission diode 858 nm and energy dose 6J in an established period of 15 and 30 days, being euthanized throughout the same cycle. To verify the effects of the therapies, histological analyzes and Raman spectroscopy were carried out. The results showed that 15 days after inducing injury in the tibia of rats, in the GE group, bone neoformation was higher than in the control group and between the GG and GE groups. In 30 days of the experiment, there was also a difference in bone neoformation between the GELED group and the control group between the GE and control group. There was also a difference between the GG and GE and GELED groups. Given the results, it can be stated that the stem extract of “Ximenia americana L” incorporated into GelMA associated with photobiomodulation from LED is a potentiator of bone repair in an animal model.Item Sistema de vídeo extensômetro universal para simulação, previsão e indicação das propriedades mecânicas dos materiais(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Carvalho, Antônio Carlos de; Carvalho, Antônio Carlos de; Costa, Mardoqueu Martins daItem Utilização de palmilhas sensoriais para avaliação, percepção e correção do exercício em corredores iniciantes(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Rocha, Gabriel Mauriz de Moura; Garcia, Lívia Assis; Almeida, Vilson Rosa deThe number of road runners has increased considerably all over the world. Analyzing variables such as plantar pressure and posture provide important information that helps to understand several factors related to running performance and prevent musculoskeletal injuries. The objective of this work was to evaluate, understand and correct the plantar pressure of beginner runners, through the proposal and application of training using sensory insoles and biofeedback. The present work was of field research type, with a longitudinal study with 30 participants. The experimental protocol was divided into three phases: in the first, the initial assessment of anthropometric data was carried out, assessment of the biomechanical characteristics of the foot, followed by static postural assessment using the Kinovea software and, subsequently, the assessment of static plantar pressure using the platform Pedana Sensor Medica with FreeStep® software; in the second phase, the participants performed the training protocol, for 4 weeks, totaling 12 treadmill running interventions and the use of the ARION® sensory insole with visual biofeedback, for 15 minutes in the first two weeks and 30 minutes in the last two. In the third phase, the same reassessment as in the first phase was carried out. Statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS Software for Windows version 20.0, considering the value of p ≤ 0.05. It was possible to demonstrate that there was a statistically significant variation between the measurements of plantar pressure in the forefoot after running training for the variables surface and surface/load ratio. In the investigation of the forefoot/rearfoot ratio, there was a significant difference for the surface, load and surface/load ratio variables. There was a statistical difference in the postural assessment after the protocol with a reduction in the angles of the head and lower limbs in the anterior view, the head on the left side in the lateral view and the left ankle and right lower limb in the posterior view. Experimental results demonstrated that the use of the sensory insole with biofeedback helps to improve the distribution of plantar pressure and postural angles of the participants. Therefore, it is possible to infer that the use of this device in new training methodologies, with a visual interface of the runner's biomechanical performance, can help reduce injuries and optimize the practice of road running.Item Análise e otimização dos algoritmos para angiografia por tomografia por coerência óptica e desenvolvimento de Phantom por impressão 3D(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Rodrigues, Karina de Cássia; Almeida, Vilson Rosa de; Amaral, Marcello MagriSkin grafts are surgically applied to repair skin lesions such as burns and extensive necrosis. The success of this surgical procedure is associated with good blood supply in the grafted region. Thus, the assessment of angiogenesis during the tissue repair process is essential for its prognosis. The development of non-invasive evaluation techniques is extremely important for the success of this procedure. One of the promising techniques is Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A), a noninvasive technique that can be used to obtain images of the vascularization of biological tissues. The adoption of this technique as a clinical practice in dermatology involves reducing its cost, and the use of equipment with a low acquisition rate (low cost) is a possible path. Thus, this work aimed to implement and optimize algorithms for obtaining angiography images by optical coherence tomography (OCT-A) for applications in images acquired with low acquisition rate and cost equipment. To test those methods, it is requiring the use of phantom that simulate the behavior of the microvascular system. Thus, this work also aimed at the development of a phantom to simulate a microvascular system using 3D printing technology. Phantoms containing microchannels were designed and printed on polylactic acid (PLA) using a 3D printer by fused filament deposition. These PLA phantoms were imaged with the OCT system (OQLabScope - Lumedica, USA). Seven different OCT-A methods were implemented (HFM, STS, CM, SV, OSV, ISC and UHS-OMAG) and compared against their processing time, signal-to-noise ratio, contrast, and contrast-to-noise ratio. The OSV and CM methods showed better overall performance based on these parameters, but CM shown higher processing time. An optimization of the CM method was proposed in this work, reducing the processing time by 99.2%, a significant gain for the algorithm that presented better performances in contrastItem Caracterização cardíaca em serpentes da espécie Pantherophis guttatus usando variabilidade da frequência cardíaca(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Silva Neto, Antonio Gomes da; Santos, Laurita dos; Cogo, José CarlosThe use of electrocardiogram in reptiles can be an tool to monitor cardiac function in reptiles, however this technique is not broadly used, due to a limited understanding of its interpretation. This study analyzed the Heart Rate Variability (HRV) in Pantherophis guttatus snakes; animals that are endemic to the United States but distributed globally as a pet. Several cardiac diseases have been described for reptiles, however, for the studied snakes, these diseases are rarely diagnostic and in most cases the information is only based on the postmortem analysis. The use of linear HRV methods can contribute to the understanding of cardiac physiology, providing information for the diagnosis and prognosis of heart disease in snakes. Twenty-one snakes were used for the study (female=8, male=13) the snakes were not sedated. HRV parameters were made based on electrocardiographic records (ECG) and the RR intervals record were analyzed by non-linear methods, in the time and frequency domains. Significant differences were observed in the RR intervals for female and male snakes, varying by 18.8% and 15.3%, frequency. For the frequency of domain, the values varied between high and low. The changes observed in the time domain can be explained for the control of the autonomic nervous system by the action of the parasympathetic system, which is confirmed by the variations in the frequency domain. Even though significant differences were observed for cardiological variables between males and females, there is no way to infer the existence of pathological processes in any of the groups of snakes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the values established for SD1 and SD2, as well as the values of the frequency domain, with emphasis on the LF widely used in study in other species, were used to evaluate the cardiac function in Pantherophis.guttatus snakes.Item Efeitos do biopolímero de fibrina heterólogo e fotobiomodulação no reparo de feridas cutâneas em ratos(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Silva, Naldiana Cerqueira; Maia Filho, Antônio Luiz Martins; Tim, Carla RobertaCutaneous wounds are a public health problem in Brazil and worldwide with a negative impact on the lives of thousands of people, that raise treatment costs and make it difficult to maintain the sustainability of health systems. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of LED-mediated-photobiomodulation therapy associated or not with the use of heterologous fibrin biopolymer (HFB) on the repair of cutaneous wounds in rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 21 animals as follows: control group (CG) whose wounds were treated with 0.9% saline solution; LED group (LED) whose wounds were irradiated with LED (660 nm, 166 mW, 60 s, 9.96 J); heterologous fibrin biopolymer group (HFB) whose wounds were treated exclusively with HFB; group LED + heterologous fibrin biopolymer (LED + HFB) whose wounds were irradiated with LED and HFB was applied. Two full-thickness cutaneous wounds were created on the back of each animal: a longitudinal wound measuring 3 cm and a circular wound with the diameter of 2 cm. The applications of LED and HFB were performed immediately after injury and followed an interval period of 72 hours between the posterior applications as described: with 2 applications for the 7-day groups, 4 applications for the 14-day groups and 6 applications for the 21-day groups. Animal euthanasia occurred in three different time periods: 7, 14 and 21 days after surgery. Macroscopic analysis, morphometric analysis of the wound repair index, descriptive histological and histomorphometric analysis, collagen quantification and tensile strength analysis. In the macroscopic findings, it was possible to observe the absence of necrosis, odor, presence of fibrosis or fluid in the lesion cavity in all experimental groups. Particularly In the control group, there was mild local inflammation evidenced between the fifth and sixth day after injury, that did not manifest in the other groups. The analysis of the wound repair index demonstrated that the treated groups presented greater wound reduction in the three periods of evaluation. Histopathological analysis revealed that the treatments presented a better repair process in comparison to the control group. Comparing the applied treatments, it was observed that only in the HFB group the dermis exhibited a denser extracellular matrix after 21 days. The collagen evaluation demonstrated that all treatments induced greater collagen deposition and maturation when compared to the control group. However, at 14 and 21 days the HFB group presents greater deposition of collagen type I and collagen maturation. The analysis of the traction force at 7 days of experiment showed better performance of the treated groups, while at 14 and 21 days the group that used HFB had greater resistance in the suture region. The results indicate that treatments using HFB and LED, either isolated or associated, stimulated the wound repair process in rats.Item Composição química e atividade antimicrobiana de óleos vegetais in natura e ozonizados em Acinetobacter baumannii(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Silva, Wagner Rafael da; Kozusny-Andreani, Dora InésThe study of infection control mechanisms caused by bacteria is a topic of interest to different professionals involved in the hospital environment. This work aimed to investigate the use of vegetable oils as an alternative treatment in the control of these infections. The bactericidal effect of canola, coconut and palm oil, in natura and ozonized oils, was evaluated under Acinetobacter baumannii, a species of bacteria that stands out as an important opportunistic pathogen and is responsible for infections related to the care of health. All the tested oil samples were characterized by the techniques of gas chromatography, I2 and peroxides index, the most altered characteristic under the effect of the ozonation process, passing from undetectable in the samples of in natura oils to the fractions 125,7 ± 0,2; 422,4 ± 0,2 and 434,8 ± 0,2 meq/Kg of Na2S2O3 for canola oil, coconut and ozonized palm oil. The reduction of microbial load in A. baumannii strains was 93,5, 71,6 and 85,9% for canola, coconut and in natura palm oils, respectively, and 96,2, 93,8 and 91,0% for the oils of canola, coconut and ozonized palm oil, respectively. In addition, the efficiency in the inhibition time of A. baumanni showed that ozonized oils present immediate bactericidal action, where their bacterial count in 10 min equates to the results of in natura oils after 30 min of incubation. These results revealed that the oils tested can be used in the control of bacterial infections and the ozonization of these oils potentiates the bactericidal action. The results showed, however, that the comparison between the microbial counts of in natura and ozonized oils did not point significant differences, since all the resulting p-values were higher than the level of significance adopted for the comparative test. A similar result was found in the comparison among ozonized oils in terms of microbial count, that is, there were no significant differences among microorganism counts when the different types of ozonized oils were compared.Item Desenvolvimento de biossensor eletroquímico para detecção de lactato(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Torres, Samuel Guerra; Costa, Mardoqueu Martins da; Costa, Adriana Pavinatto daThe development of new sensory platforms is of great interest to the field of biosensors, especially those with low cost and high reproducibility characteristics. In this context, the present study aimed at the production and characterization of a biosensor platform composed of films produced by the physical adsorption selfassembly technique (Layer-by-Layer - LbL) using chitosan and AuNps@PTS (gold nanoparticles stabilized with PTS polymer – a sulphonated polythiophene derivative). Subsequently, the platform formed was used for immobilization of the enzyme lactate oxidase (LOx) and detection of lactate. The films were formed in different numbers of bilayers and characterized by spectroscopic measurements of ultraviolet absorption (UV-Vis) and fluorescence, and electrochemical measurements. The LOx enzyme was immobilized on two LbL film bilayers through dripping and subsequent crosslinking performed with the addition of glutaraldehyde. The detection of lactate was performed through cyclic voltammetry (VC) measurements on standard samples. The results show that film growth was relatively homogeneous, and until the fourth bilayer the absorption intensity increased linearly with the number of bilayers. CV measurements showed that the electrode modified with two film bilayers allows greater charge transfer, being the platform chosen for immobilization of the LOx enxima and detection of lactic acid. Voltammograms showed that the presence of the LOx enzyme hinders charge transfer and that its immobilization was effective. Detection measurements show that the developed platform is suitable for detecting lactate, and the analytical signal presented a linear regime between the increase in the anodic current magnitude and the increase in the lactate concentration, in the range of 0.5 to 30 mM of lactate. The platform used was able to detect human sweat lactate at different times and intensities of physical exercise, with detection limits close to those found in the literature.Item Estudo da composição bioquímica de unhas para o diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus por Espectroscopia Raman(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Veras, Juscélia Maria de Moura Feitosa; Garcia, Lívia Assis; Martin, Airton Abrahão; Fávero, Priscila PereiraThe growth of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a public health problem with greater prevalence in developing countries. The estimated prevalence of diabetes in people aged 20-79 years has increased from 151 million to 463 million today, with a total forecast of 700 million diabetics by 2045. Hence the importance of an early, noninvasive, practical and low-cost diagnosis for DM detection and monitoring. Type II diabetes mellitus (DM2) gradually changes the intrinsic material properties of tissues and their structural integrity, and prolonged hyperglycemia can cause chronic damage to the quality of these tissues. No technique is available to clinically assess altered tissue quality in diabetic patients. However, recent studies suggest that the quality of the nail plate has great potential to assess the secondary complications of DM. Thus, this study aimed to determine the biochemical characteristics of nails of individuals with DM2 through confocal Raman spectroscopy, in addition to identifying the spectral signatures and new DM2 markers in nails. This study is a multicenter clinical study (Universidade Brasil - SP and Fundação Municipal de Saúde de Teresina/PI), comparative, randomized and instrumental with a qualitative approach. For the research, 30 healthy volunteers and 30 DM2 were selected. The collection and evaluation of fragments in the distal region of the nail was carried out. The results obtained demonstrated alterations in different biochemical components, such as: proteins, lipids, amino acids, advanced glycation end products, in addition to alterations in the disulfide bridges, which are important in the stabilization of keratin in the nails. Therefore, due to the possibility of acquiring such information through the evaluation of nails, a simple and easy-to-acquire material, this becomes an important material for analysis, allowing DM and its complications to be detected quickly. In addition, the study also demonstrated that the assessment of nails by confocal Raman spectroscopy is an important technique, which, together with the assessment of nails, can become an important tool in the diagnosis and follow-up of diabetic patients.Item Avaliação dos níveis de ansiedade em estudantes universitários(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Meneses, Aline Martins Diolindo; Santos, Laurita dos; Amaral, Marcelo MagriUniversity admission is considered an anxiety generating experience to students due to the educational method transition stage from High School to University. Anxiety is a psychopathology incident in University students in which the symptomatology affects the formal learning construction, generating psychological illness. Scientific studies show a higher incidence of anxiety disorders in the health field students compared to the general population, pointing out the need for IES’ to evaluate the students’ psychological conditions, offering support services. Goal: Assess the anxiety signs and symptoms and its correlation with sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics in University students. Methods: It is about an analytical and crosssectional study, conducted with 120 University students. The data was collectedthrough the following instruments: Sociodemographic and lifestyle questionnaire, BeckAnxiety Inventory (BAI) and saliva collection and salivary cortisol dosage. The researchwas approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of Universidade Brasil, under the opinion number 3.732.897. Results: A total of 120 students were a part of the study,106 being female and 14 being male students. The average age was 26.4 years old (Median:23.00; Standard deviation: 9.174; Min: 18; Max: 55). Out of the students, 77.5% are single and 76.7% have no kids. For the use of BAI, 16.7% of students had minimal anxiety, 13.3% had mild anxiety, 16.6% moderate anxiety and 53.3% severe anxiety. Regarding the dosage of salivary cortisol in the collected samples, 89.2% of students were within standard limits (under 0.736 µg / dL); 7.8% of students had cortisolvalues above the reference values. Conclusion: The data collected in the studyrevealeda high occurrence of students with signs and symptoms of anxiety disorders.The results reinforce the need for IES’ to include actions to identify students in psychological distress in their practices, concomitant with the adoption of pedagogicalpractices that envision their mental health.
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