Ciências Ambientais

URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorioacademico.universidadebrasil.edu.br/handle/123456789/32

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2014 - 201982020 - 20249

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Assunto: search.filters.subject.Saúde pública

Resultados da Pesquisa

Agora exibindo 1 - 10 de 17
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    Bebedouros coletivos: análises microbiológicas e plano de higienização baseado no ambiente de instalação
    (Universidade Brasil, 2023) Santos, Mateus Leonardo Welika dos; Vazquez, Gisele Herbst; Kozusny-Andreani, Dora Inés
    Drinking fountains, as they are for collective use, have a great potential for microbiological contamination, mainly due to lack of hygiene and/or contact with users with contaminated hands and mouths. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the physical structure of drinking fountains and the microbiological quality of water in a university. As a secondary objective, a hygiene plan based on training was established for those responsible for cleaning the drinking fountains, in addition to instructive posters on correct hand hygiene and the use of drinking fountains. Seven drinking fountains were evaluated for their state of conservation, location and microbiological quality of the water and its surfaces (taps and vats), in addition to the quality of water from artesian wells and plastic jerry cans, from March to April 2022. Two industrial stainless steel drinking fountains were evaluated, two with a column and three with a gallon of commercial mineral water. The evaluated parameters were: counts and identification of mesophilic microorganisms, total and thermotolerant coliforms. The industrial stainless steel models were located close to laboratories and toilets and were in adequate physical condition, the others in pantries/kitchens, teachers' lounges, reception and inside a veterinary hospital. The microbiological analysis of the water indicated that 71.4% (5) of the drinking fountains had total and thermotolerant coliforms and 100% total mesophiles, therefore outside the standards of Ordinances GM/MS nº 2.914/2011 and 888/2021. The faucets and vats of all equipment also had a higher number of total mesophiles than that proposed by the American Public Health Association (2014), which can be attributed to incorrect cleaning of the drinking fountain, the gallon and the handler's hands and the proximity to toilets. A column and a table water fountain were discarded because they were in poor condition, new industrial models were purchased and positioned in suitable locations. The supplier of gallons of mineral water was replaced and the water tanks in the artesian wells were chlorinated. Two awareness and training lectures were held on the hygiene of drinking fountains for cleaning staff. In the restrooms, instructive posters were posted on hand hygiene. It was concluded that 28% of the drinking fountains are in an inadequate state of conservation and the water and the surface of the faucets and vats of all the university's drinking fountains had microbiological contaminants. A hygiene program was implemented and it is expected that this will contribute to the health and well-being of students, professors, employees and university visitors.
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    Percepção dos estudantes do curso de graduação em odontologia sobre biossegurança e Resíduos em Serviço em Saúde (RSS).
    (Universidade Brasil, 2024) Mendes, Melissa Carla Viriato; Frias, Danila Fernanda Rodrigues; Lima, Leonice Domingos dos Santos Cintra
    Biosafety and the management of health service waste (RSS) are extremely important practices for the dental professional, because they guarantee safety and protection both for the professional and for society, animals and the environment. In this sense, the present research aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge of students of the Dentistry Course of the University of Brazil regarding Biosafety and Waste Management of the Health Service. For this, a qualitative-quantitative, descriptive and exploratory research was carried out in a sample population composed of 100 students of the Dentistry course. An interview was conducted through the application of a structured questionnaire composed of comprehensive questions related to knowledge about biosafety and the destination of the RSS generated by the dental clinic. After the application of the questionnaire the data were tabulated in a spreadsheet of the Microsoft Excel®️ software forming the database, which was analyzed through technological resources for the production of descriptive statistical analysis. Based on the data obtained, graphic material was produced in folder format containing recommendations regarding biosafety and the management of RSS produced by the dental clinic. They highlighted among the interviewees, individuals aged between 18 and 29 years, female and single. Everyone said they have knowledge about what biosafety is, and 87% about RSS. As for the biosafety procedures that should be instituted in a Dental Clinic, 80% cited the use of PPE, sterilization, asepsis, hand hygiene, use of physical barrier, while 14% did not know how to answer. The importance of inserting the themes in the curriculum of the course, 89% said it was very important, 9% preferred not to give their opinion and 2% said they thought the themes are not relevant. Regarding the Health Service Waste Management Plan (PGRSS), 47% said they did not know that RSS generators should draw up and implement this plan. It was concluded that the students of the Dentistry Course have knowledge about the themes proposed in this research, but it was noted the need to intensify negotiations on the subject in the daily life of these students, because some still indicated that they did not find the subject of biosafety and management of RSS important for a dentist.
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    Termo de ajustamento de conduta em conflitos ambientais para promoção das políticas de saúde única
    (Universidade Brasil, 2024) Kamiyama, Silmara Adriana Martins; Belo, Marco Antonio de Andrade
    Based on the need to promote social well-being and environmental preservation, this study seeks to demonstrate the prophylactic nature of the conduct adjustment agreement as an instrument capable of bringing speed and efficiency to the resolution and compensation of divergences in environmental issues for the promotion of One Health policies, which permeate the health of the environment and its integration with human and animal health. Therefore, the objective of this study is to demonstrate that with the need to preserve the environment and the existence of legal alternatives in relation to environmental protection and conflict resolution, it is possible to use the conduct adjustment agreement as a way of aligning progress with preservation with a focus on One Health, aiming at the harmonious coexistence between humans, animals and the environment. The qualitative methodology follows the procedures of documentary work through descriptive bibliographic research. Five Conduct Adjustment agreements signed in the Municipality of Fernandópolis were analyzed as examples. The results of the examples cited indicate that the terms of conduct established in environmental conflicts can be an alternative for the preservation of the common good, since it is necessary to consider that socio-environmental changes affect the health profile of a population with effects that go beyond territorial and temporal limits.
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    Gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos da saúde no noroeste paulista
    (Universidade Brasil, 2022) Vieira, Luiz Carlos; Freitas, Luciana Secches de; Vanzela, Luiz Sergio
    Population growth in the last decades is accompanied by a series of environmental impacts, among which the generation of solid waste stands out, especially from health services (RSS) that may have infectious biological agents that significantly impact the environment, if poorly managed. In the management of RSS are involved generators (establishments that offer health services), receivers (companies/institutions licensed for the treatment and destination of RSS), managers (municipal health or environmental bodies responsible for municipal management of RSS) and inspectors (inspectors/sanitary surveillance agents), and knowledge of the current situation regarding the generation and management of these types of waste, which is essential for public health and sustainable development. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the situation of solid waste management of health services (RSS) in Northwest Paulista. The research was conducted in the 153 municipalities located in the Administrative Regions of São José do Rio Preto and Araçatuba, which together make up the Northwest Paulista. The evaluation of the RSS's management was carried out through the application of four questionnaires intended for the follow-up of the management of RSS (generators, receivers, managers and inspectors) and from the quantitative data of RSS obtained in official bases. The data were organized and analyzed separately by frequency distribution and the relationships of interest by the chi-square test. The current scenario in the Northwest of São Paulo, drawn from the data of this research, demonstrates insecurity in the management of the totality of the RSS, requiring a more effective participation of municipal administrations in the elaboration of public policies that are more focused on improving the precision in the monitoring of the amount generated, in the correct handling by the generators, in the effectiveness of the inspection and in the destination of these residues in licensed places.
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    Os impactos da pandemia do Covid-19 sobre gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos de saúde em âmbito hospitalar
    (Universidade Brasil, 2022) Oliveira, Marli Lúcia de; Aguiar, Denise Regina da Costa
    In the context of the pandemic of COVID-19, the increased generation of solid health care waste can be understood as a factor related to the incidence of coronavirus cases and its impacts on society. This investigation aimed to verify the consequences of the increase in solid health care waste as well as their practices of responding to the handling of these materials,in a hospital setting, in times of pandemic. The research was developed with a quantitative-qualitative approach, through secondary sources, through the search of articles, governmental references, dissertations and a documentary analysis regarding the generation of solid health care waste was developed at the Hospital de Clínicas of the Universidade Federal de Uberlândia located in Uberlândia/MG. Studies have shown that solid health waste generation has increased expressively in the hospital with the COVID 19 pandemic. The study suggested the improvement of a continuing education program for health professionals of the establishment, in order to strengthen the knowledge about the management of solid health waste
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