Produção, caracterização e avaliação microbiológica de nanofibras eletrofiadas formadas por blendas de PLA e Copaíba (C. Luetzelburgii Harms)

Abstract

The interest of the medical-pharmaceutical industry in the production and use of biomaterials is increasing. These can originate from natural macromolecules (biopolymers) or synthetically or semi-synthetically. However, when replacing or filling defective or even nonfunctional body parts, they must perform their role in the safest way possible, due to the intimate contact with membranes, cells and tissues. The objective of this study was to produce a biomaterial from poly(lactic acid) (PLA) associated with copaiba extract (Copaifer luetzelburgii), here identified by EC, at concnetrations of 0.5 and 1.0% and to verify some of its physicochemical and antimicrobial properties. To characterize the properties, analysis of absorption spectroscopy in the infrared region (FTIR) and contact angle test (AC) were performed). For antimicrobial test, 6 mm diameter discs of electrospun material PLA+EC (PLAEC) were seeded at concentrations of 0.5% and 1% in plates, in the presence of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococus fecalis and Candida albicans. All microorganisms were seeded on Mueller Hinton agar and then PLAEC discs were added to the medium. PLA disks were used as a negative control and standard antibiotics (antibiogram method): amikacin for gram-negative bacteria and teicoplamin for gram-positive bacteria, and all samples were subjected to ultraviolet radiation for 90 min in an appropriate oven, in order to avoid any type of contamination. The FTIR spectra showed the main vibrational for chemical groups forming PLA and hydrophilicity measurements show that all membranes formed have hydrophobic characteristics. All PLAEC samples proved to be effective against all mentioned microorganisms, in both concentrations tested. Based on the results, it is suggested that the studied biomaterial is promising for clinical use, in infectious processes, serving as an alternative in the antimicrobial choice.