Perfil ecoepidemiológico da febre amarela no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, 2011 a 2020

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Data
2021
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Universidade Brasil
Resumo
Yellow fever (YF) is an infectious viral disease caused by an arbovirus of Flavivirus genus, which is transmitted by vectors of the genera Aedes, Haemagogus and Sabethes. In 2017/2018, Brazil had the largest epidemics of recent decades. Thus, the establishment of epidemiological surveillance is essential for its control and prevention. The objective of this study was to investigate the eco-epidemiology of YF in the state of Minas Gerais, in the period from 2011 to 2020, to obtain information to help organize actions aimed at the control and prevention of this infection. A cross-sectional, descriptive, retrospective and qualitative-quantitative study was undertaken with secondary data collected from 2011 to 2020 from the TABNET/DATASUS website and the Minas Gerais State Health Department. The collected information corresponded to: number of notifications, region of the State Health Department of residence, zone of residence, age group, education, race, gender, autochthony, state where the contagion occurred, final classification of the case, confirmation criteria and final progression of the case. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. In total, 3,472 cases of YF were reported, with 90.5% of notifications occurring in the years 2017 and 2018. Prevalence rate was 5.28/100,000 inhabitant and lethality rate was 31.5%. Most individuals were economically active and male. The cases were concentrated in the regions of Belo Horizonte, Coronel Fabriciano, Teófilo Otoni, Juiz de Fora, Barbacena, Itabira, Manhuaçu and Governador Valadares. In terms of vaccination coverage, none of the regions reached 100%, but over 90% reached the regions of Uberlândia, Sete Lagoas, Passos, Ituiutaba and Divinópolis. The prevalence of YF in the state was high, especially in 2017 and 2018, demonstrating high association with environmental disasters and ineffectiveness of public policies to eradicate it. Therefore, studies conducted with a focus on the eco-epidemiology of the disease are essential for the development of actions aimed at its control and prevention.
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Aedes, Epidemiologia descritiva, Haemagogus, Sabethes
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