Caracterização de óleo de girassol ozonizado em diferentes tempos usando Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier

Abstract

The estimated number of patients in Brazil and abroad, emphasizes the need for better monitoring and treatment of skin lesions, caused by numerous health problems, in addition to worsening by viral infections, bacteria, fungi and protozoa - the prospect is of increasing cases in developing and underdeveloped countries. This is due to the inefficient treatments offered by hospitals, with an emphasis on public hospitals. These are more than enough reasons to invest time in the analysis of an affordable therapeutic treatment compared to the current ones - such as the use of "ozone therapy". This is recognized and used on 5 continents and is even encouraged and sponsored by the governments and health plans of many countries. One of the safest ways of using ozone in treatments is through the by-products generated in the ozonolysis of vegetable oils, which can act on the skin, leading to the disinfection process, by cell lysis. In this work, the choice was for sunflower oil due to its physicochemical characteristics. The objective is to analyze the chemical structure of ozonized sunflower oil at different times over 90 minutes, without using the temperature control of the ozonolysis reactor. For that, the process of analysis by Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR) was used. 9 spectra were collected and analyzed by the deconvolution process, in comparison to the main bands observed by the second derivative. The results show that there was an increase in oil temperature (around 10ºC) during ozonation up to 30min. Three regions of the obtained spectra were analyzed: 3050-2800cm-1 , 1130-1070cm-1 and 1800-800cm-1 . Statistical results show a significant difference between spectral signals, with observance after the time of 20min of the sunflower oil ozonation process, with emphasis on the 1800–1500cm 1 region, which demonstrates the rupture of the double carbon bonds (C=C), breaking the lipid chain, and increasing the CO2 chain and thus reducing HC=CH, observed in the analysis of the spectra. There was a reduction in the intensity of the -CH band of the stretching of the -C=CH fragment above the 3000cm-1 region, an increase in the CH stretching bands of the CH3 groups, a reduction in the intensity of the -C=C- binding stretch and constant intensity of the band stretch -C, and all changes detected by FTIR are in accordance with the Criegee mechanisms. With these observations it can be reiterated how useful FTIR spectroscopy is for the analysis of changes in compounds. Following the studies with the support of collaborators, initial tests of the application of the samples of the ozonized sunflower oil were carried out, extending up to 120 minutes, in cutaneous lesions in ex-vivo in an animal model, using the same analysis process, observing whether there were changes between the spectra. In the statistical analysis, these changes are subtle, not enough to obtain results. For this, it is necessary to analyze in a wider region of the spectrum. It was not possible to obtain evidence of its benefits in the healing process. In need of in-depth studies, considering other factors relevant to the study.