Monografias, Dissertações e Teses
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorioacademico.universidadebrasil.edu.br/handle/123456789/1
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Item Perfil ecoepidemiológico das Arboviroses dengue, Zika e Chikungunya no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, de 2015 a 2022(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Gonzaga, Dirce Maria Inácio dos Santos; Frias, Danila Fernanda RodriguesDengue, zika, and chikungunya are arboviral diseases transmitted by vectors of the genera Culex and Aedes, mainly. They are considered a serious global public health problem due to their broad territorial spread and the growing need for increasingly complex actions related to their control and prevention. This study aimed to describe the eco-epidemiological profile of arboviral diseases in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul from 2015 to 2022. A cross-sectional, descriptive, retrospective, and qualitative quantitative investigation was carried out using secondary data provided by the State Department of Health of Mato Grosso do Sul. The collected information consisted of: number of notifications, area of residence, age group, education, race, sex, final classification of the case, confirmation criteria, and final evolution. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. A total of 317,514 cases of dengue, 2,350 cases of zika, and 3,779 cases of chikungunya were reported. The prevalence rates of dengue, zika, and chikungunya were 12,598.81; 84.18; and 230.24 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively. The most affected individuals were adults in the economically active age group, with high school completed, female, white, and brown. Cases begin to rise in November, remaining high until May/June. Among the notifications, 54.8% were confirmed for dengue, 91.8% for zika, and 16.7% for chikungunya. Fatality rate was 0.1% for dengue and 0.5% for chikungunya. There were no deaths from Zika. The state of Mato Grosso do Sul had a high number of dengue notifications and a low number of zika and chikungunya notifications, and the prevalence of cases decreased from 2020 onwards, which may indicate the possibility of underreporting due to the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Acting directly on diseases with a focus on One Health, through the study of human cases, animals, and environmental changes, can improve decision-making regarding the prevention and early treatment of arboviral diseases.Item Perfil epidemiológico dos casos de síndrome respiratória aguda grave no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, 2020 a 2021(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Goulart, Luiz Fernando Moura; Frias, Danila Fernanda RodriguesThe increase in the number of cases of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) associated with Sars-CoV-2 has originated one of the largest public health emergencies worldwide. This study was developed to examine the epidemiological profile of SARS in the state of Minas Gerais during 2020 and 2021. A cross-sectional, descriptive, retrospective, and qualitative-quantitative investigation was carried out using the state of Minas Gerais as the unit of analysis. Data were collected from the SIVEP-Gripe (Flu) system and the COVID-19 Case Monitoring Panel, for the years 2020 and 2021. The following variables were analyzed: total COVID-19 cases, total SARS and SARS due to COVID-19, age, gender, race, final classification, and evolution outcome. The data were entered in a spreadsheet, analyzed, and published in the form of graphs, tables, and graphs. The state had 315,726 cases of SARS, of which 58.6% were caused by Sars-CoV-2. Most individuals who had SARS were male (53.2%), aged over 60 years (50.9%), and mixed-race (45.4%). Among the SARS cases, 23.3% evolved to death, and, of these, 77.6% had COVID-19 as the underlying cause. The regions of Uberlândia, Belo Horizonte, Coronel Fabriciano, Patos de Minas, Uberaba, Ituiutaba, Leopoldina, Governador Valadares, and Juiz de Fora had the highest occurrences of SARS/1000 inhabitants. The regions of São João Del Rei, Teófilo Otoni, Passos, and Uberaba stood out with a high lethality rate of patients who had SARS due to COVID-19. The distribution of reported SARS cases and deaths in Minas Gerais was heterogeneous, with a greater number of cases occurring in municipalities with higher population density. The questions presented in this study revealed the deficiencies, weaknesses, and diversities in the response capacities to face the pandemic, suggesting the need for decentralization and restructuring of the health system of several municipalities in the state.Item Perfil epidemiológico dos casos de síndrome respiratória aguda grave no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, 2020 a 2021(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Gourlart, Luiz Fernando Moura; Frias, Danila Fernanda RodriguesThe increase in the number of cases of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) associated with Sars-CoV-2 has originated one of the largest public health emergencies worldwide. This study was developed to examine the epidemiological profile of SARS in the state of Minas Gerais during 2020 and 2021. A cross-sectional, descriptive, retrospective, and qualitative-quantitative investigation was carried out using the state of Minas Gerais as the unit of analysis. Data were collected from the SIVEP-Gripe (Flu) system and the COVID-19 Case Monitoring Panel, for the years 2020 and 2021. The following variables were analyzed: total COVID-19 cases, total SARS and SARS due to COVID-19, age, gender, race, final classification, and evolution outcome. The data were entered in a spreadsheet, analyzed, and published in the form of graphs, tables, and graphs. The state had 315,726 cases of SARS, of which 58.6% were caused by Sars-CoV-2. Most individuals who had SARS were male (53.2%), aged over 60 years (50.9%), and mixed-race (45.4%). Among the SARS cases, 23.3% evolved to death, and, of these, 77.6% had COVID-19 as the underlying cause. The regions of Uberlândia, Belo Horizonte, Coronel Fabriciano, Patos de Minas, Uberaba, Ituiutaba, Leopoldina, Governador Valadares, and Juiz de Fora had the highest occurrences of SARS/1000 inhabitants. The regions of São João Del Rei, Teófilo Otoni, Passos, and Uberaba stood out with a high lethality rate of patients who had SARS due to COVID-19. The distribution of reported SARS cases and deaths in Minas Gerais was heterogeneous, with a greater number of cases occurring in municipalities with higher population density. The questions presented in this study revealed the deficiencies, weaknesses, and diversities in the response capacities to face the pandemic, suggesting the need for decentralization and restructuring of the health system of several municipalities in the state.Item Perfil ecoepidemiológico da febre amarela no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, 2011 a 2020(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Santos, Solange Maria dos; Frias, Danila Fernanda RodriguesYellow fever (YF) is an infectious viral disease caused by an arbovirus of Flavivirus genus, which is transmitted by vectors of the genera Aedes, Haemagogus and Sabethes. In 2017/2018, Brazil had the largest epidemics of recent decades. Thus, the establishment of epidemiological surveillance is essential for its control and prevention. The objective of this study was to investigate the eco-epidemiology of YF in the state of Minas Gerais, in the period from 2011 to 2020, to obtain information to help organize actions aimed at the control and prevention of this infection. A cross-sectional, descriptive, retrospective and qualitative-quantitative study was undertaken with secondary data collected from 2011 to 2020 from the TABNET/DATASUS website and the Minas Gerais State Health Department. The collected information corresponded to: number of notifications, region of the State Health Department of residence, zone of residence, age group, education, race, gender, autochthony, state where the contagion occurred, final classification of the case, confirmation criteria and final progression of the case. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. In total, 3,472 cases of YF were reported, with 90.5% of notifications occurring in the years 2017 and 2018. Prevalence rate was 5.28/100,000 inhabitant and lethality rate was 31.5%. Most individuals were economically active and male. The cases were concentrated in the regions of Belo Horizonte, Coronel Fabriciano, Teófilo Otoni, Juiz de Fora, Barbacena, Itabira, Manhuaçu and Governador Valadares. In terms of vaccination coverage, none of the regions reached 100%, but over 90% reached the regions of Uberlândia, Sete Lagoas, Passos, Ituiutaba and Divinópolis. The prevalence of YF in the state was high, especially in 2017 and 2018, demonstrating high association with environmental disasters and ineffectiveness of public policies to eradicate it. Therefore, studies conducted with a focus on the eco-epidemiology of the disease are essential for the development of actions aimed at its control and prevention.