Monografias, Dissertações e Teses
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorioacademico.universidadebrasil.edu.br/handle/123456789/1
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Membranas eletrofiadas a partir de poliácido láctico e mesocarpo de buriti (Mauritia flexuosa): produção, caracterização e potencial antimicrobiano(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Furtado, Dênis Rômulo Leite; Costa, Adriana Pavinatto da; Rodrigues, Bruno Vinícius ManzolliMedicinal plants have always been widely used as a preventive or curative form for diseases. Among them, we can mention buriti, a fruit widely used in folk medicine for the treatment of dermatological diseases, wound healing and as an antimicrobial agent. After the emergence of nanotechnology, the development of biomaterials that associate different materials, including medicinal plants, has been growing a lot. Among the nanostructuring techniques used, electrospinning stands out for producing membranes at nanometer scales with interesting properties for biomedical applications. In this context, the objective of this work was to produce, characterize and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of electrospun membranes formed from poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and buriti mesocarp (Mauritia flexuosa) (MESOBU). The membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy (FTIR) and contact angle measurements. Antimicrobial evaluation (in vitro), was performed using bacterial Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Echerichia coli, as well as Candida albicans fungus, using disk diffusion and microdilution methods.The data obtained were analyzed in a statistical program Graphpad Prism software, version 8.0.1, considering a significance level of 5% (p < 0.05). SEM images demonstrated the formation of homogeneous fibers, randomly organized and without the presence of defects. The FTIR spectra showed the main vibrational bands for chemical groups forming PLA, and hydrophilicity measurements show that the formed membranes have hydrophobic characteristics. In the disk diffusion and microdilution test, the PLAMESOBU 1% membrane showed antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms; the PLAMESOBU 0.5% membrane only showed antimicrobial activity in the microdilution test. In view of the observed results, PLAMESOBU membranes showed a promising potential for use as a biomaterial.Item Membrana à base de Quitosana com diferentes massas molares: produção, caracterização e bioatividade(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Macedo, Juliana Bezerra; Pavinatto, AdrianaChitosan is a polysaccharide widely used in biomedical applications due to its bioactivity, which is often related and can be modulated by its structural characteristics. Among these characteristics, molar mass is one that influences its action and, as cited in the literature, it may have different activity depending on the microorganism studied. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the bioactivity of four types of membranes formed by pure high (QAMM) and low (QBMM) molar mass chitosans associated with turmeric (QAMM + turmeric and QBMM + turmeric), produced using the technique casting thin film formation (solvent evaporation). For physicochemical and morphological characterization of the membranes, thickness measurement techniques, absorption spectroscopy in the infrared region (FTIR) and contact angle were used. To carry out the microbiological tests, strains of the fungus Trychophyton rubrum, the gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and the gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli were used, and the bioactivity of the membranes was evaluated through the inhibition halo formed. To evaluate cell viability/cytotoxicity, fibroblast cell lines (L929) were used at a concentration of 1x104 using the alamarBlue® and Picrogreen assay. The methodology used to manufacture membranes was successful, making it possible to obtain self-supporting and homogeneous membranes, with thicknesses ranging from 35 to 56 μm. FTIR spectra show the main vibrational bands for chemical groups in chitosan. Contact angle results show that membranes containing turmeric are more hydrophilic than pure chitosan. The membranes did not show antimicrobial growth inhibition properties against the tested microorganisms. However, the presence of an inhibition halo was verified under bacterial cultures in tests using the membrane preparation solutions, with the QBMM and QBMM + turmeric solutions showing a greater inhibitory effect. The membranes produced did not present a cytotoxic effect, as they induced an increase in cell proliferation. In general, QBMM+ turmeric provided greater cell proliferation compared to that observed using other membranes. The results of the present study suggest that the membranes produced are promising materials for application in tissue engineering, favoring their manufacturing and optimal use.Item Abordagens inovadoras no reparo de feridas com óleo ozonizado e terapia por fotobiomodulação(Universidade Brasil, 2024) Pimentel, Priscila Cristina Oliveira Zignani; Tim, Carla RobertaHard-to-heal wounds present significant challenges in their therapeutic context due to the presence of pathogenic microorganisms and associated infections, thus resulting in delays for the tissue-healing process. The present study aimed to carry out a clinical trial to identify the microbial agent present in hard-to-heal wounds on the lower limbs, assess the antimicrobial effects of ozonated oil and examine the benefits of photobiomodulation combined with ozonated oil in the treatment of those wounds. Then we examined the antimicrobial kinetics of ozonated oil on microorganisms found in wounds by an in vitro study. For this study, some commercial ozonated sunflower oil was used as well as the LED photobiomodulation therapy, 660 nm, 30 seconds, punctual 2 cm away on the wound bed and on the margins in contact with the skin, 120 mW, 3.6 J per point. The procedure was performed three times a week, for a period of 12 weeks. The clinical results evidenced a significant healing of injuries treated with ozonated oil and photobiomodulation, evidenced by a reduction in traces of infection, presence of granulation tissue, wound area reduction and, in some cases, full wound closure. Among the microorganisms identified are Klebsiella sp., Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli, all proved resistant to the antibiotics tested. The results obtained in vitro revealed that the ozonated oil was effective in reducing and eliminating colony-forming units in all microorganisms tested when subjected to concentrations deemed low, ranging from 1.6% to 12.5%, demonstrating antibacterial activity. In conclusion, ozonized oil, associated with photobiomodulation therapy, demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of wounds that are difficult to repair. However, new clinical trials are necessary to establish more improved treatment protocols.Item Eficácia de extratos de plantas medicinais no controle de micro-organismos isolados de ambientes de creche = Efficacy medicinal plants extracts in the control of isolate microorganisms from child care environments(Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco, 2013) Mendes, Elena Carla Batista; Kozusny-Andreani, Dora Inês