Monografias, Dissertações e Teses
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorioacademico.universidadebrasil.edu.br/handle/123456789/1
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Aplicativo móvel multiplataformas para gestão de cuidados para idosos(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Chagas, Renata Kelen; Nunez, Silvia CristinaThe aging of the world population has been taking place in recent decades as result of the decrease in birth rates and better health care that allows for an increase in life expectancy. Senile dementias are examples of diseases that can affect the elderly, reducing independence and self-care. With the presence of women in the labor market and the reduced number of children, the elderly must often live under the care of others who have professional experience to provide appropriate medical care, but lack of contact with the family and unfamiliarity with habits and tastes can reduce the quality of life of the elderly. Technological advances must be used to reduce the distance between families, caregivers, doctors and the elderly. The objective of this work is to develop an application for mobile devices that facilitates communication between health service providers for the elderly residing in long-stay institutions. The CuidaLife application was developed for a software operating system with input modules for registering elderly people, family members, doctors and caregivers. The developed application can be accessed through any smartphone, tablet or computer, as long as it has internet access. Its layout is responsive, that is, it adjusts according to the screen size of the equipment. The elderly registration modules were designed to allow the exchange of information about the elderly not only medical, but also including food preferences, habits that are important for daily well-being and exchange of personal photos between family and elderly. The caregivers module allows the exchange of information between caregivers' shifts, with information relevant to the care of the elderly, and the medical module allows access to health information relevant to the monitoring of the elderly. The application worked well and can represent an easy and safe way to improve the quality of life of individuals who depend on third parties for their care.Item Dermatite induzida por produtos de higiene das mãos no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Almeida, Amanda Priscila; Nunez, Silvia Cristina; Navarro, Ricardo ScarparoThe COVID-19 pandemic ravaged the entire planet and important behaviors were reinforced by all health control agencies around the world, such as social distancing, the use of protective masks and hand hygiene, through washing with water and soap or application of alcohol gel. The aim of this study was to carry out an integrative review of the evidence in the literature on the characteristics of dermatitis induced by hand hygiene products in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and to carry out a survey of information through a structured questionnaire on the behavior of the population and the hand hygiene care during 2020. An integrative review of articles was carried out, following the PICOS strategy, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, between December 2019 and April 2021, with the descriptors: contact dermatitis; hand dermatitis; hand disinfection; occupational dermatitis; occupational irritant hand dermatitis AND COVID-19; coronavirus; pandemic; pandemic; SARS-COV-2 with their corresponding terms in Portuguese and Spanish. The Boolean OR operator was applied between the terms. The search was performed in PubMed, MEDLINE, LILACS and Scielo databases. An electronic form was made available online to answer questions related to hand hygiene and cleaning habits within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. According to the results, from the search for studies and with double and triple crossings, 557 articles were found, among these, 24 articles were selected related to the study topic. The answers to the questions were converted into numbers and the normality of the distribution of variables was tested using the Shapiro-Wilk test. The data obtained were analyzed by Student's t and Wilcoxon statistical tests and correlation analyzes were performed using the Pearson's Correlation Coefficient using the SPSS software (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 25.0.; IBM, Armonk, New York) in the interval 95% confidence. A total of 1027 responses to the questionnaire were obtained and it was observed that 21.4% of the participants had COVID-19 and 93% changed their hand hygiene habits after the pandemic, the habit of using alcohol gel was one of the biggest changes (83.1 %), 52.2% of the participants learned something new about cleaning their hands after the pandemic and 74.6% noticed a change in the skin on their hands after the onset of the pandemic. Among those interviewed, 8% had to seek medical help for problems with the skin on their hands. We can conclude that education measures on hand hygiene habits should persist as important public health actions and the quality of products used for hand hygiene should be a factor to be considered both by establishments that provide hygiene products and by purchased products by the users.Item Avaliação do conhecimento sobre fotobiomodulação dos fisioterapeutas no Brasil(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Arruda Neto, Euler; Nunez, Silvia CristinaPhysiotherapy is the profession that assesses, rehabilitates, prevents, recovers, as well as restores, develops, and conserves the individual's capacity through physical resources such as ultrasound, heat and light. Electrophysical resources are described and recommended in undergraduate courses and among these we find the use of low power lasers. Brazil is one of the countries with the most publications in the world in the area known as Photobiomodulation (PBM), however, it is not clear the access that physiotherapy clinicians have to the advances obtained in scientific research. The purpose of this study is to verify, through an electronic form, the knowledge of physical therapists enrolled in class councils about PBM in daily practice. An electronic questionnaire Google Form was developed, and it was sent by email, WhatsApp social networks, SMS, and printed forms were also distributed. The distribution started in the region of Goiás and the Federal District with the support of CREFITO 11 and then expanded to other regions. In total 106 physiotherapists answered the questionnaire. Of these 50% used lasers in the clinic, while 10.4% had never used lasers. After obtaining the data and according to the responses obtained, we observed 50% that physiotherapy professionals. 81.4% said they did not use it because they did not have the equipment and 10.2% indicated the cost as a reason for not using it. Among the participants, 62.3% said they had not made any updates in the area in the last 3 years and of those who said they had updated the courses up to 1 hour in duration were the majority. 76.5% also never calibrated their equipment and 45.7% said they used the protocols they learned at graduation. Based on the results, we conclude that there is a need for greater dissemination of the scientific knowledge obtained in the field of PBM in physical therapy so that the advances are effectively passed on to professionals who work clinically in the area.Item Ferramentas 3D como auxílio no processo de ensino-aprendizagem na disciplina de anatomia(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Armesto, Leonardo Moraes; Magalhães, Daniel Souza FerreiraThe study of the discipline of anatomy requires from the student a high capacity for attention and concentration in order to achieve learning in its entirety, becoming a laborious and strenuous process due to its intricate richness of details. This factor is associated with the high use of an anatomical organic demand that degrades with significant speed and requires constant replacement or use of toxic chemicals for longer use. The objective of this work is to investigate the benefits in terms of learning anatomy with the aid of 3D tools. Images of organs for 3D screen were developed, as well as the impression of organs in polymeric resin for use in the classroom. Forty students aged between 18 and 60 years old of both sexes were evaluated, all belonging to the same institution of technical education in nursing. The study was based on 2 groups of students: the first class (n = 20) received the content and application of the anatomy discipline through books, illustrations, blackboard and slide projection. The second class (n = 20) received the same information content as the first, taught by the same teacher, using traditional resources, with the addition of 3D projection screens and pieces printed on a 3D printer. The analysis took place in both classes through a content review class, carried out between the application of a first questionnaire (entry questionnaire), and a second verification questionnaire after the review class (exit questionnaire). The questionnaire covered the following domains: proportion, spatial location, volumetry, morphology, similarity and motivation. The results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed model using 3D when observing the domains of spatial location/physical anatomy, volumetry/planaltimetry and motivation when compared to the class that used 3D resources with the control group, of traditional methodology. It was also possible to validate the use of 3D impressions, as well as the use of multi-auto-stereoscopic (3D) images, their inherent depth perception, in addition to justifying the gradual entry of practical, perennial and detailed technologies, as they allow the reduction of perishable organs and corpses, as well as the dangerous contact with toxic chemicals in educational environments.Item Avaliação da razão dímero/monômero nas formulações comerciais de azul de metileno empregados na terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana(Universidade Brasil, 2024) CAMPOS, Rosimari Mariano de; NUNEZ, Silvia CristinaAntimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been extensively studied in dentistry as an effective approach for treating localized infections, including periodontal and endodontic infections. Among the available photosensitizers (PS), methylene blue (MB) stands out as a widely recognized option in scientific literature due to its photodynamic efficiency. This efficiency, however, is directly influenced by the proportion of dimeric and monomeric forms of MB, which are significantly affected by the ionic interactions present in the solution, thereby impacting the PS's performance in photodynamic applications. This study employed spectroscopic methods to evaluate different commercial formulations of MB intended for aPDT in dentistry, comparing them with analytical-grade MB. The analyzed formulations included various commercial presentations, such as liquid solution, gel, lollipop, and laboratory- prepared aqueous solution. The investigated concentrations ranged from 0.005% (w/v) to 0.01% (w/v), corresponding to 156.3 μM and 312.5 μM, respectively. The results revealed significant spectroscopic variations compared to the analytical-grade MB standard, with a marked trend toward the predominance of the dimeric form in almost all evaluated commercial formulations. This predominance of the dimeric form suggests a favoring of Type I photochemical reactions, which may be particularly relevant for antimicrobial efficacy. The study highlights the importance of optimizing commercial MB formulations to maximize their clinical efficiency in aPDT, especially in scenarios where antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges. Furthermore, the findings contribute to the advancement of identifying more effective formulations, offering a promising alternative for managing dental infections and expanding the therapeutic arsenal available for antimicrobial treatments.Item Fotobiomodulação como ferramenta auxiliar na hidratação cutânea(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Foguel, Cicelina Campos; Nunez, Silvia CristinaCutaneous dehydration is one of the changes caused by aging that has a high frequency. Although not considered a dysfunction in itself, xerosis can cause discomfort due to the visual and sensory appearance of the skin. The use of photonic techniques such as photobiomodulation (PBM) using LASER or LED has shown numerous benefits for skin healingr. The present study verified the ability of FBM to improve skin hydration associated with a cosmetic treatment protocol for cutaneous xerosis. The experimental model consisted of 3 sessions of cutaneous hydration performed in 60 volunteers, randomly divided into 2 groups, being the Experimental group where the hydration protocol will be associated with the application of red LED (660 nm, 3 J punctual application on the entire face) in each session of treatment and the control group that received the same hydration protocol and placebo LED irradiation. The results were evaluated by cutaneous bioimpedance on the first day and one week after the last day of treatment, and the appearance of the skin was evaluated by evaluators blinded to the treatment protocol used. The data obtained were statistically compared. We observed with this study that there is a role for the use of PBM in the process of reversal of cutaneous xerosis, we identified an improvement in the amount of water in the skin without changing the amount of oil. PBM can be used in the treatment of patients who show signs of skin dehydration, senile xerosis, who are looking for a safe, non-invasive technique with no side effects, as well as patients who have contraindications to the use of other therapies available in the aesthetic market. Emphasizing that it is a very useful tool for hydration of oily biotype skins, since it increased the water gradient and there was no change in the percentage of oil.Item Avaliação in vitro dos efeitos de diferentes terapias antimicrobianas em canais uniradiculares infectados com Candida Albican(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Rossi, Roberta Mirandola Mile; Baptista, AlessandraContamination of the root canal system is one of the main complications in endodontic treatment, where the necrotic pulp does not have blood vessels that can transport defense cells and antibiotics to the site. The aim of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the fungal reduction of root canals treated with different antimicrobial therapies. Fifty-four bovine teeth were previously prepared for the manufacture of standardized single-root canals, with previous instrumentation with Hedströen files (Denstsplay®) #35, pre-enlarged with Gattes Gliden #4 drills (Denstsplay®) and instrumentation throughout its length with Reciproc R 50–25 mm files, using mechanized instrumentation with reciprocating movements. Then the root canals were contaminated with Candida albicans and submitted to different antimicrobial therapies: irrigation with 1% sodium hypochlorite for 5 min (GH); irrigation with 0.2% chlorhexidine for 5 min (GCHX); photodynamic therapy (aPDT antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy), mediated by methylene blue (0.005%) and low power laser (Laser Duo, MMO, São Carlos, Brazil,Item Fotobiomodulação no manejo da mucosite oral em hospitais do Brasil: a busca por uma diretriz clínica(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Passos, Januaria Lima Ribeiro; Nunez, Silvia CristinaCancer is one of the most frequent diseases worldwide. Oral mucositis (OM) is a common and debilitating complication of chemotherapy (CT), head and neck radiotherapy (RT) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Photobiomodulation (PBM) IS one of the therapeutic alternatives for prevention and treatment of OM. The objective of this study was to carry out a survey of data from the protocols applied for PBM in public and private hospitals in Brazil. A cross-sectional, quantitative study was carried out with the application of questionnaires to dentists, built specifically to understand the establishment of protocols and their outcomes, to verify if there is a consensus on the use of PBM in OM in Brazil. According to the analysis of the results, we observed that dentists work both in public and private hospitals in Brazil and most of them are employed by the institution. The PBM protocols, as well as, the initial assessment of patients, are performed by the dental surgeon who claims to use protocols based on scientific evidence. More modern equipment’s with 100 mW of power are the most used ones and, according to the interviewees, frequently checked. For OM induced by QT and HSCT, preventive and therapeutic protocols were cited, while for RT only one protocol was cited. The prevailing wavelength was red, and only for therapeutic HSCT the 2 wavelengths had the same frequencies. In all cases, energies of 1 and 2 J were the prevailing ones, with irradiation performed in a punctual way. The frequency of irradiation depends on the duration of RT, or it is performed for 5 days in a week for QT and HSCT, and only in therapeutic HSCT did the interviewees point out the symptomatology and the clinical aspect as relevant for the choice of treatment. According to our results, the treatment of OM with PBM presents constancy of energy and form of application, which may explain its spread and successful application in different regions of the country in a homogeneous way.Item Efeito antibacteriano do óleo de girassol ozonizado em diferentes concentrações(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Ficher, Ester; Nunez, Silvia CristinaThe world is currently facing a crisis regarding microorganisms and microbial resistance. The evaluation of alternative antimicrobial therapies has been a constant search in recent decades. Ozonized oil can be an alternative within this field. The present study aims to analyze the antimicrobial efficacy of commercially available ozonated sunflower oil in different concentrations. A gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and the gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli were used. The microorganisms were grown in BHI broth (Brain and Heart Infusion) for 24h. Plates containing BHI agar were prepared for the inhibition halo test with a 3 mm diameter central well and contaminated with 50 µL of bacterial suspension. The wells made in the plates were filled with ozonated sunflower oil in concentrations ranging from 80 mmol-Eq / kg to 1290 mmol-Eq /. The plates were taken to the incubator at 37°C for 24h and the inhibition zone was measured with a millimeter probe, two control groups one with non-ozonated sunflower oil and one with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution were also evaluated. The results demonstrated that the efficacy for E.coli increases linearly with increasing concentration, however, only the concentrations of 702 mmol-Eq / kg and 1290 mmol-Eq / kg were significantly different (p<0.004). For S.aureus, the results showed significant differences only in the concentration of 1290 mmol-Eq / kg, but with a similar effect between the intermediate and higher concentrations (p<0.0001). The chlorhexidine group demonstrated to have a more effective action for both microorganisms under the conditions of this study (p<0.001). According to the results ozonized sunflower oil has less antimicrobial effect than chlorhexidine, the result is dependent on the concentration and only concentrations above 702 mmol-Eq / kg showed some efficacy.Item Efeitos da Fotobiomodulação no processo de cicatrização da lesão por pressão(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Oliveira, Laricy Rodrigues de; Baptista, AlessandraCurrently, the prevention and treatment of Pressure Ulcer (PU) is the focus of multidisciplinary actions in different health care settings. Photobiomodulation is a form of phototherapy proposed in the treatment of PU, as it is able to modulate the quality and speed of the healing process. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of the individual affected by PU, as well as to evaluate the modulation of the PU healing process, through photobiomodulation. This is a qualitative-quantitative clinical study, in which 10 volunteers with PU participated, treated at home. Participants were randomly divided into two groups, according to the therapeutic intervention: Control Group (n=5); treated with calcium and sodium alginate coating and Photobiomodulation Group (n=5); treated with photobiomodulation, where the PUs received punctual irradiation, 4J/point, on alternate days, with a low power laser emitting at 660 nm, with 100 mW of power, for 40 s. All volunteers in this study received treatment for 4 weeks. Participants QoL was analyzed using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, before and after the interventions. The PU healing process was evaluated by the PUSH instrument, on the 1st, 15th and 29th days. The PUs were photographed in a standardized way, on the respective days, to compare the evolution of the repair process. For data analysis, the Shapiro Wilk normality test and the two way ANOVA test of variance were applied, and the means were compared using the Tukey test with a significance of 5%, being considered statistically different when p<0.05. The perception of QoL in the Photobiomodulation Group was regular in the initial phase of treatment, evolving to very good in the final phase, while the volunteers in the Control Group maintained a very good response from the beginning to the end of the treatment. The evaluation using the PUSH instrument showed a gradual temporal improvement in the PU repair process, regardless of the treated group. The comparison of photographic images revealed that there was a reduction in the staging of PUs in both groups. Therefore, we can conclude that photobiomodulation, in the parameters tested in this study, can be a good alternative in relation to QoL and modulation of the PU healing process.