Lasers aplicados à frenectomia em pacientes pediátricos com anquiloglossia: uma revisão sistemática da literatura com metanálise

Abstract

Ankyloglossia, or tongue stuck, is a condition in which the lingual frenulum is short, which can lead to problems with the nutritional suction of infants, inadequate breastfeeding, and which can cause fissures in the maternal nipples. Frenotomy or frenectomy can correct the restriction on the movement of the tongue and allow effective breastfeeding. Surgical intervention is performed with a scalpel, but in recent years the use of lasers in this procedure has increased. The aim of the study was to conduct a systematic review of high-powered lasers applied to frenectomy in pediatric patients diagnosed with ankyloglossia. In the methodology, a systematic literature review of randomized clinical studies with a score ≥ 6 on the PEDro scale (Physiotherapy Evidence Database) published in the PubMed, Cochrane and SciELO databases was performed. Studies were selected that evaluated the application of high-powered lasers in the surgical treatment of children with ankyloglossia, according to the PRISMA guidelines, using using descriptors: Ankyloglossia x Laser descriptors; Frenectomy x Laser; Phrenectomy x Ankyloglossia; Laser x Pediatric Dentistry; Ankyloglossia x treatment; Surgical Procedures x Ankyloglossia; Surgery x Lingual Frenulum; Surgery x Ankyloglossia, from clinical studies published from 2009 to 2019. The results showed that a total of 7 clinical studies were analyzed using high-power laser (diode or CO2) in frenectomy techniques. In 401 patients who underwent lingual frenectomy, superior benefits and results of the surgical technique with high-power laser compared to the conventional one with a scalpel were observed. It can be concluded that the lingual frenectomy surgery with high power lasers provides a more efficient and comfortable treatment for the infant patient compared to the conventional method, there is no consensus on the high power laser wavelength more suitable for the procedure and irradiation parameters.