Caracterização e testes clínicos de dermocosmético antimicrobiano para coberturas de feridas cutâneas de difícil reparo

Abstract

This study aimed to characterize an ozonized dermocosmetic and verify in clinical trials its antimicrobial and repairing potential in difficult-to-repair skin wounds. For the production of dermocosmetic, sunflower oil was used. The acid number, peroxide number, and iodine number were analyzed using The American Oil Chemists' Society method. The clinical test was developed with patients with difficult-to-repair wounds and approved by the ethics and research committee (nº 4, 246, 236). Then the patients were randomly allocated into Group 1, treatment with ozonized dermocosmetics, and Group 2, treatment with conventional dressing. Treatments were performed three times a week for 12 weeks. The characterization results showed that the dermocosmetic had an acid index of 17.68± 0.03 mg KOH/g, an iodine index of 86 ± 1 Cgl/g, and a peroxide index of 266.52 meq/kg. In the macroscopic evaluation after 12 weeks, an improvement in the appearance of the lesions was observed, such as an increase in granulation tissue, absence of odor, and a decrease in slough and presence of liquids. There was also complete repair in some injuries, so this group showed stimulation of the repair process with a reduction of 67 to 100% in the area of injury. Initially, 38 bacteria from 13 different species were identified in both groups. The bacteria were classified according to Gram staining. Thus, Gram-negative corresponds to 76.31%, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa being the most diagnosed. Gram-positives represent 23.69%, with Enterococcus faecalis being the most common. The identified microorganisms were evaluated using the antibiogram, divided into sensitive and resistant. Furthermore, it was observed that the use of the ozonized dermocosmetic promoted an antibacterial effect on the lesions of 13 patients. The ozonated dermocosmetic group had a higher frequency of patients without pain after treatment. However, in the conventional dressing group, after 12 weeks, there was a small change in the wounds without significant improvement. Only one patient showed the absence of microorganisms after the treatment period. Furthermore, 37.50% of the patients in the conventional dressing group had an increase in the lesion area, and the pain level was considered moderate. It is concluded that the dermocosmetic group promoted an antimicrobial effect and thus stimulated the repair process of cutaneous wounds.