Monografias, Dissertações e Teses
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorioacademico.universidadebrasil.edu.br/handle/123456789/1
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Item Perfil ecoepidemiológico das Arboviroses dengue, Zika e Chikungunya no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, de 2015 a 2022(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Gonzaga, Dirce Maria Inácio dos Santos; Frias, Danila Fernanda RodriguesDengue, zika, and chikungunya are arboviral diseases transmitted by vectors of the genera Culex and Aedes, mainly. They are considered a serious global public health problem due to their broad territorial spread and the growing need for increasingly complex actions related to their control and prevention. This study aimed to describe the eco-epidemiological profile of arboviral diseases in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul from 2015 to 2022. A cross-sectional, descriptive, retrospective, and qualitative quantitative investigation was carried out using secondary data provided by the State Department of Health of Mato Grosso do Sul. The collected information consisted of: number of notifications, area of residence, age group, education, race, sex, final classification of the case, confirmation criteria, and final evolution. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. A total of 317,514 cases of dengue, 2,350 cases of zika, and 3,779 cases of chikungunya were reported. The prevalence rates of dengue, zika, and chikungunya were 12,598.81; 84.18; and 230.24 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively. The most affected individuals were adults in the economically active age group, with high school completed, female, white, and brown. Cases begin to rise in November, remaining high until May/June. Among the notifications, 54.8% were confirmed for dengue, 91.8% for zika, and 16.7% for chikungunya. Fatality rate was 0.1% for dengue and 0.5% for chikungunya. There were no deaths from Zika. The state of Mato Grosso do Sul had a high number of dengue notifications and a low number of zika and chikungunya notifications, and the prevalence of cases decreased from 2020 onwards, which may indicate the possibility of underreporting due to the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Acting directly on diseases with a focus on One Health, through the study of human cases, animals, and environmental changes, can improve decision-making regarding the prevention and early treatment of arboviral diseases.Item Principais métodos de análises realizados com a finalidade de verificar a qualidade do leite(Universidade Brasil, 2017) Azevedo, Marcela do Rego Barros Rodrigues de; Xavier, Marta Maria B. B. S.Milk is considered a complete food, according to the Regulamento da Inspeção Industrial e Sanitária de Produtos de Origem Animal (RIISPOA). must be from healthy animals and quality must be preserved from milking to processing (BRASIL, 2017). To do this, it is necessary to establish an effective control of mastitis in the herd, to have good milking practices to obtain milk in a hygienic way, to perform preventive maintenance and correct cleaning of the equipment, to provide adequate milk cooling and to ensure transportation taking into account the requirements and standards. The present study elucidates the main analyzes by which milk is tested in the beneficiary establishments inspected by Serviço de Inspeção Federal, do Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (SIF/MAPA).The physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of bovine raw milk were screened in order to establish the quality with which the raw milk must reach the breeding establishment, according to Normative Instruction no. 62 (BRAZIL, 2011). The analyzed analyzes are: total dry extract; alizarol test; milk fat concentration; freezing point; density; acidity; somatic cell counting; temperature; Dornic test; non-greasy solids content; total bacterial count; and methylene blue test. Such analyzes are of great importance both to know the quality of the milk and to guarantee profits to the industry, aiming at the certainty of the product being delivered integrally and unchanged. It was verified, in literature review, that the average values of the analyzes meet the specifications of IN nº. 62 in most establishments, which indicates that Brazil can improve the quality of milk when so required. The lack of conformity of some samples in several establishments, however, evidences the need for a greater attention with the hygiene in the milking and storage and, also, with the health of the animals, and mainly failure in the fiscalization because this type of food is diffused in the bands and being able to disseminate microorganisms of relevance to collective health.