Monografias, Dissertações e Teses
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Item Efeitos da fotobiomodulação associada ou não ao Biopolímero de Fibrina Heterólogo no processo de reparo tecidual de lesões cutâneas de ratos diabéticos(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Alexandria, Francisco Eugênio Deusdará de; Tim, Carla Roberta; Assis, LíviaItem Efeitos do Biopolímero de fibrina heterólogo e fotobiomodulação no reparo de feridas cutâneas em ratos(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Silva, Naldiana Cerqueira; Tim, Carla Roberta; Maia Filho, Antônio Luiz MartinsCutaneous wounds are a public health problem in Brazil and worldwide with a negative impact on the lives of thousands of people, that raise treatment costs and make it difficult to maintain the sustainability of health systems. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of LED-mediated-photobiomodulation therapy associated or not with the use of heterologous fibrin biopolymer (HFB) on the repair of cutaneous wounds in rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 21 animals as follows: control group (CG) whose wounds were treated with 0.9% saline solution; LED group (LED) whose wounds were irradiated with LED (660 nm, 166 mW, 60 s, 9.96 J); heterologous fibrin biopolymer group (HFB) whose wounds were treated exclusively with HFB; group LED + heterologous fibrin biopolymer (LED + HFB) whose wounds were irradiated with LED and HFB was applied. Two full-thickness cutaneous wounds were created on the back of each animal: a longitudinal wound measuring 3 cm and a circular wound with the diameter of 2 cm. The applications of LED and HFB were performed immediately after injury and followed an interval period of 72 hours between the posterior applications as described: with 2 applications for the 7-day groups, 4 applications for the 14-day groups and 6 applications for the 21-day groups. Animal euthanasia occurred in three different time periods: 7, 14 and 21 days after surgery. Macroscopic analysis, morphometric analysis of the wound repair index, descriptive histological and histomorphometric analysis, collagen quantification and tensile strength analysis. In the macroscopic findings, it was possible to observe the absence of necrosis, odor, presence of fibrosis or fluid in the lesion cavity in all experimental groups. Particularly In the control group, there was mild local inflammation evidenced between the fifth and sixth day after injury, that did not manifest in the other groups. The analysis of the wound repair index demonstrated that the treated groups presented greater wound reduction in the three periods of evaluation. Histopathological analysis revealed that the treatments presented a better repair process in comparison to the control group. Comparing the applied treatments, it was observed that only in the HFB group the dermis exhibited a denser extracellular matrix after 21 days. The collagen evaluation demonstrated that all treatments induced greater collagen deposition and maturation when compared to the control group. However, at 14 and 21 days the HFB group presents greater deposition of collagen type I and collagen maturation. The analysis of the traction force at 7 days of experiment showed better performance of the treated groups, while at 14 and 21 days the group that used HFB had greater resistance in the suture region. The results indicate that treatments using HFB and LED, either isolated or associated, stimulated the wound repair process in rats.Item Efeitos da fotobiomodulação no desempenho esportivo de paratletas de natação - uma série de casos(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Garcez, Aguinaldo Silva; Baptista, AlessandraPhotobiomodulation (PBM) uses light, usually from a laser or LED, to stimulate, heal and / or regenerate damaged tissues. Recently, it has been used to increase sports performance in athletes. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effects of PBM on cardiorespiratory function and swimming performance in parathletes. Ten young adult parathletes, men and women, swimmers of the AACD team, São Paulo - Brazil, were tested before and after the PBM applied to the upper musculature. They are diagnosed with cerebral palsy, myelomeningocele and congenital malformation. Before the test, they performed a 10 min swim warm-up in a 50 m pool. They rested for 1 min and their heart rate was recorded. Parathletes performed 3 swimming sessions, in freestyle, with maximum effort, with an interval of 5 min between each series and the average performance time was recorded. After a recovery period of one week, the upper muscles: biceps, deltoid and trapezius were irradiated, bilaterally, for 10 min, with a set of LEDs, each area receiving 108 J. After every 50 m of swimming, performance time, peak heart rate and recovery after 1 min were recorded. Comparisons were made before, after irradiation with PBM and after placebo, in a crossover design. All the parathletes improved the time in the 50 m swim. On average, the time decreased about 4 s after PBM and about 1.5 s after placebo. The peak heart rate was 10% lower after irradiation, when compared to non irradiated placebo. The recovery heart rate was also better for all athletes. The results suggest that a muscle preconditioning regime, using PBM with low-power infrared laser, before intense exercise can modulate the function of the upper musculature and the recovery of heart rate, leading to a better swimming performance in young adult parathletes.Item Inativação fotodinâmica dos fungos causadores de onicomicoses Trichophyton rubrum e Microsporum gypseum(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Rodrigues, Eliane Mendes; Rangel, Drauzio Eduardo NarettoOnychomycosis is one of the most common diseases in the field of dermatology and refers to a fungal infection of the nail plate with a high incidence in the general population. The available treatment options for onychomycosis have limited use due to side effects, drug interactions, and contraindications, which requires the application of an alternative treatment for onychomycosis. In the last years, the antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) has been acknowledged as treatment options for several infectious diseases, including dermatological ones. However, the ideal parameters for a safe and effective therapy in the treatment of onychomycosis are still not fully elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of aPDT, in vitro, on the fungi Trichophyton rubrum (T. rubrum) and Microsporum gypseum (M. gypseum), the main causes of onychomycosis. In the in vitro tests, the fungi T. rubrum (ATCC 28188) and M. gypseum (ATCC 24102) were used, divided into 13 experimental groups: Group C (control - no treatment); group MB (treated with methylene blue); group R100 (treated with LED at a dose of 100 J/cm2) and groups T10, T20, T30, T40, T50, T60, T70, T80, T90 and T100, treated with luz at doses of 10 J/cm2 , 20 J/ cm2 , 30 J/cm2 , 40 J/cm2 , 50 J/cm2 , 60 J/cm2 , 70 J/cm2 , 80 J/cm2 , 90 J/cm2 , and 100 J/cm2 . For the treatment, a light-emitting diode (LED) equipment with a wavelength of 630 nm (100 mW; 2.93 cm2 ) associated with a photosensitizer was used, AM was used at a concentration of 100 μM, using 30’ of pre-irradiation. It was observed that aPDT reduced germination on T. rubrum germination with an energy density from 20 J/cm2, reaching achieving its eradication with an energy density of 100 J/cm2. In relation to M. gypseum, the influence on germination was proportional to the energy density, in the energy density of 100 J/cm². These results suggest that aPDT may be a possible and attractive alternative treatment for combating onychomycosis, although further investigation is needed to determine whether such efficacy could be achieved in vivo.Item Fotobiomodulação como ferramenta auxiliar na hidratação cutânea(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Foguel, Cicelina Campos; Nunez, Silvia CristinaCutaneous dehydration is one of the changes caused by aging that has a high frequency. Although not considered a dysfunction in itself, xerosis can cause discomfort due to the visual and sensory appearance of the skin. The use of photonic techniques such as photobiomodulation (PBM) using LASER or LED has shown numerous benefits for skin healingr. The present study verified the ability of FBM to improve skin hydration associated with a cosmetic treatment protocol for cutaneous xerosis. The experimental model consisted of 3 sessions of cutaneous hydration performed in 60 volunteers, randomly divided into 2 groups, being the Experimental group where the hydration protocol will be associated with the application of red LED (660 nm, 3 J punctual application on the entire face) in each session of treatment and the control group that received the same hydration protocol and placebo LED irradiation. The results were evaluated by cutaneous bioimpedance on the first day and one week after the last day of treatment, and the appearance of the skin was evaluated by evaluators blinded to the treatment protocol used. The data obtained were statistically compared. We observed with this study that there is a role for the use of PBM in the process of reversal of cutaneous xerosis, we identified an improvement in the amount of water in the skin without changing the amount of oil. PBM can be used in the treatment of patients who show signs of skin dehydration, senile xerosis, who are looking for a safe, non-invasive technique with no side effects, as well as patients who have contraindications to the use of other therapies available in the aesthetic market. Emphasizing that it is a very useful tool for hydration of oily biotype skins, since it increased the water gradient and there was no change in the percentage of oil.Item Avaliação da fototerapia com diferentes comprimentos de onda no tratamento da Alopécia androgenética(Universidade Brasil, 2024) SILVA, Leandro Ferreira da; BAPTISTA, AlessandraAndrogenetic alopecia (AGA) is a hair dysfunction that promotes the transformation of terminal hairs into vellus hairs and consequent baldness. Phototherapy (FT) uses light, usually laser or LED, to stimulate, heal and/or regenerate damaged tissues and has been identified as a safe and promising resource for the treatment of AGA. The purpose of this study is to compare different wavelengths in the treatment of AGA. 10 volunteers were selected, randomly divided into 2 groups: Red Light Group (GLV, n=5) and Blue Light Group (GLA, n=5). The groups received point irradiation (4J/point), respectively, with the Venus equipment (MMOptics, São Carlos, Brazil), GLV (l= 660nm, P= 100 mW, for 40 s) and GLA (l= 440 nm, P = 150 mW, for 26.6 s). The interventions were carried out once a week, for 90 days, totaling 12 treatment sessions. The emergence of new hairs was analyzed by comparing the photographic record before any intervention (T1) and at the end of treatment (T2). The relationship between vellus threads and terminal threads was analyzed by trichoscopy with polarized light, before and at the end of treatment. A specific quality of life assessment questionnaire for androgenetic alopecia (Women's Androgenetic Alopecia Quality of Life Questionnaire -WAA-QoL) before and after the end of the interventions. The results showed that both red light and blue light, in the parameters tested in this study, led to an increase in the number of terminal strands after treatment (p< 0.05), which allowed a reduction in the central parting of the treated hair. The evaluation of the WAA-QoL questionnaire showed a lower percentage of responses with a higher degree of dissatisfaction after both treatments. Therefore, we can conclude that the use of phototherapy is an effective therapeutic resource in the treatment of AGA with red or blue light, in the parameters tested in this study.Item Efeitos do biopolímero de fibrina heterólogo e fotobiomodulação no reparo de feridas cutâneas em ratos(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Silva, Naldiana Cerqueira; Maia Filho, Antônio Luiz Martins; Tim, Carla RobertaCutaneous wounds are a public health problem in Brazil and worldwide with a negative impact on the lives of thousands of people, that raise treatment costs and make it difficult to maintain the sustainability of health systems. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of LED-mediated-photobiomodulation therapy associated or not with the use of heterologous fibrin biopolymer (HFB) on the repair of cutaneous wounds in rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 21 animals as follows: control group (CG) whose wounds were treated with 0.9% saline solution; LED group (LED) whose wounds were irradiated with LED (660 nm, 166 mW, 60 s, 9.96 J); heterologous fibrin biopolymer group (HFB) whose wounds were treated exclusively with HFB; group LED + heterologous fibrin biopolymer (LED + HFB) whose wounds were irradiated with LED and HFB was applied. Two full-thickness cutaneous wounds were created on the back of each animal: a longitudinal wound measuring 3 cm and a circular wound with the diameter of 2 cm. The applications of LED and HFB were performed immediately after injury and followed an interval period of 72 hours between the posterior applications as described: with 2 applications for the 7-day groups, 4 applications for the 14-day groups and 6 applications for the 21-day groups. Animal euthanasia occurred in three different time periods: 7, 14 and 21 days after surgery. Macroscopic analysis, morphometric analysis of the wound repair index, descriptive histological and histomorphometric analysis, collagen quantification and tensile strength analysis. In the macroscopic findings, it was possible to observe the absence of necrosis, odor, presence of fibrosis or fluid in the lesion cavity in all experimental groups. Particularly In the control group, there was mild local inflammation evidenced between the fifth and sixth day after injury, that did not manifest in the other groups. The analysis of the wound repair index demonstrated that the treated groups presented greater wound reduction in the three periods of evaluation. Histopathological analysis revealed that the treatments presented a better repair process in comparison to the control group. Comparing the applied treatments, it was observed that only in the HFB group the dermis exhibited a denser extracellular matrix after 21 days. The collagen evaluation demonstrated that all treatments induced greater collagen deposition and maturation when compared to the control group. However, at 14 and 21 days the HFB group presents greater deposition of collagen type I and collagen maturation. The analysis of the traction force at 7 days of experiment showed better performance of the treated groups, while at 14 and 21 days the group that used HFB had greater resistance in the suture region. The results indicate that treatments using HFB and LED, either isolated or associated, stimulated the wound repair process in rats.Item Efeitos da fotobiomodulação associada ou não ao Biopolímero de Fibrina Heterólogo no processo de reparo tecidual de lesões cutâneas de ratos diabéticos(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Alexandria, Francisco Eugênio Deusdará de; Assis, Lívia; Tim, Carla RobertaINTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus is a general heterogeneous term that classifies metabolic disorders caused by increased glucose levels (hyperglycemia). Among the therapeutic modalities researched in order to accelerate tissue repair, LED photobiomodulation therapy and heterologous fibrin biopolymer stand out. PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of LED photobiomodulation therapy associated or not with heterologous fibrin biopolymer in the tissue repair process of skin lesions in diabetic rats. METHODOLOGY: Forty-eight adult female Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus), 60 days old, weighing 230±20 g, from the vivarium of the State University of Piauí, were used. The animals were randomly divided into 4 distinct groups (control group, heterologous fibrin biopolymer group, LED photobiomodulation therapy group, LED photobiomodulation therapy group associated with heterologous fibrin biopolymer), which were treated in two experimental periods (7 and 14 days). Diabetes was induced by the administration of an aqueous solution of 2% alloxan and the animals had their blood glucose assessed using a glucometer and clinical symptoms. The animals underwent two surgical procedures, in the dorsal and cervical regions, the first by means of a skin punch, an area of 2 cm²; and the second a linear lesion measuring 3 cm, in the cervical region. Healing analysis was performed by calculating the contraction of the wound area and evaluating the traction force. RESULTS: The treatments with LED photobiomodulation therapy and heterologous fibrin biopolymer, used alone or in combination, indicated the stimulation of the repair process. The heterologous fibrin biopolymer group showed similar results to the LED photobiomodulation therapy group in wound regression, but showed better healing resistance, suggesting that the LED group has both repair qualities. The LED photobiomodulation therapy group associated with heterologous fibrin biopolymer showed better results in resistance and regression when compared to the heterologous fibrin biopolymer and LED photobiomodulation therapy groups, statistically closer to the control group. CONCLUSION: Based on the findings, it was observed that treatments with LED, BFH or LED associated with BFH acted satisfactorily, favoring the improvement in the tissue repair process, suggesting that these treatments, isolated or associated, were effective in stimulating the healing process in diabetic rats.