Monografias, Dissertações e Teses
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Item Efeitos da fotobiomodulação associada ou não ao Biopolímero de Fibrina Heterólogo no processo de reparo tecidual de lesões cutâneas de ratos diabéticos(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Alexandria, Francisco Eugênio Deusdará de; Tim, Carla Roberta; Assis, LíviaItem Caracterização bioquímica da urina de pacientes diabéticos e pacientes hipertensos por Espectroscopia no Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier (FTIR-ATR)(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Gonçalves, Anderson; Martin, Airton AbrahãoThe evaluation of biological fluids by optical techniques has shown great importance in the diagnosis or monitoring of several pathologies. In this context, the evaluation of urine can provide several biochemical information, which when associated with the patient's clinical condition, allows to find markers for the disease or understand its behavior. In addition, urinary material is easy to be collected, which, in most cases, is a quick and non-invasive process. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the urinary material of healthy, diabetes mellitus and hypertension participants, to understand the possible biochemical changes present in each case. For this purpose, 65 urine samples from 20 healthy patients (SAU), 20 diabetic patients (DIA) and 25 hypertensive patients (HAS) were evaluated. The equipment used was an ALPHA’s Platinum ATR System spectrometer (Bruker, Germany) equipped with an ATR unit. The urine samples, after being homogenized and at room temperature, were inserted on the equipment's diamond crystal and the signal was acquired with 32 scans at a wavelength of 1000 - 4000 cm-1 , with a resolution of 4 cm-1 . After signal acquisition, all spectra were pre-processed with the background subtraction and normalized by the urea peak (1468 cm-1 ). The data were initially evaluated by the spectral averages of each group for the identification and choice of the main biochemical components to be evaluated, followed by the calculation of the area under the curve (AUC) using the second derivative spectra of these same components. The statistical methods used were the Student's T Test and the Mann Whitney test, always considering the normal data distribution. The p value used in the study to verify statistical significance was p ≤ 0.05. The results obtained showed changes in the concentration of glucose, proteins, lipids, carboxymethylisin (CML) and urea. All of these elements showed increases and/or decreases in concentration between groups, depending on the peaks evaluated. Despite the different concentrations observed between the groups for the biochemical components evaluated, statistically differences were found only in the glucose concentration between the HAS x DIA groups (p = 0.014), in the CML concentration between the HAS x SAU groups (p = 0.012) and in the concentration of lipids between the HAS and DIA groups (p = 0.031). Thus, we have shown that evaluation of urine as a source of information through the FTIR technique allowed us to understand and find differences between various biochemical components in samples from healthy, diabetic and hypertensive individuals. In addition, this type of analysis may, in the future, be widely used, in order to identify the concentration of marker elements, enabling a faster diagnosis or follow-up for many pathologies.Item Efeitos da fotobiomodulação associada ou não ao Biopolímero de Fibrina Heterólogo no processo de reparo tecidual de lesões cutâneas de ratos diabéticos(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Alexandria, Francisco Eugênio Deusdará de; Assis, Lívia; Tim, Carla RobertaINTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus is a general heterogeneous term that classifies metabolic disorders caused by increased glucose levels (hyperglycemia). Among the therapeutic modalities researched in order to accelerate tissue repair, LED photobiomodulation therapy and heterologous fibrin biopolymer stand out. PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of LED photobiomodulation therapy associated or not with heterologous fibrin biopolymer in the tissue repair process of skin lesions in diabetic rats. METHODOLOGY: Forty-eight adult female Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus), 60 days old, weighing 230±20 g, from the vivarium of the State University of Piauí, were used. The animals were randomly divided into 4 distinct groups (control group, heterologous fibrin biopolymer group, LED photobiomodulation therapy group, LED photobiomodulation therapy group associated with heterologous fibrin biopolymer), which were treated in two experimental periods (7 and 14 days). Diabetes was induced by the administration of an aqueous solution of 2% alloxan and the animals had their blood glucose assessed using a glucometer and clinical symptoms. The animals underwent two surgical procedures, in the dorsal and cervical regions, the first by means of a skin punch, an area of 2 cm²; and the second a linear lesion measuring 3 cm, in the cervical region. Healing analysis was performed by calculating the contraction of the wound area and evaluating the traction force. RESULTS: The treatments with LED photobiomodulation therapy and heterologous fibrin biopolymer, used alone or in combination, indicated the stimulation of the repair process. The heterologous fibrin biopolymer group showed similar results to the LED photobiomodulation therapy group in wound regression, but showed better healing resistance, suggesting that the LED group has both repair qualities. The LED photobiomodulation therapy group associated with heterologous fibrin biopolymer showed better results in resistance and regression when compared to the heterologous fibrin biopolymer and LED photobiomodulation therapy groups, statistically closer to the control group. CONCLUSION: Based on the findings, it was observed that treatments with LED, BFH or LED associated with BFH acted satisfactorily, favoring the improvement in the tissue repair process, suggesting that these treatments, isolated or associated, were effective in stimulating the healing process in diabetic rats.