Monografias, Dissertações e Teses
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorioacademico.universidadebrasil.edu.br/handle/123456789/1
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Aprimoramento de sensor de ambiência para índices de conforto térmico em instalações de bovinos leiteiros(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Zampieri, João Henrique; Brennecke, Käthery; Pereira, Luiz Arthur MaltaAgribusiness is one of the most prominent economic activities in Brazil, and cattle farming is one of the most representative of them, but there is still a need for advances for it to remain competitive. The biggest stressor in dairy cattle farming is the climate, more specifically the heat, which affects considerably the welfare of the animals. In this context, the environment influences the living conditions of an organism, and the climate and the ability to adapt are responsible for influencing the behavior of the animals. In order to determine the effects of heat stress on animals, indices of thermal comfort have been developed taking into account climatic and/or physiological variables, helping producers and researchers to find the best means to reduce the stress caused by heat and determine the best time for measures to be implemented in order to provide thermal comfort to animals. Among the indices proposed in the literature, the temperature-humidity index (THI) and the black globe temperature and humidity index (BGTHI) stand out. Regarding rural workers, among the several existing thermal comfort indexes, we can highlight the thermal discomfort index (TDI). In order to obtain an ideal thermal environment for cattle in warm climatic regions, it is necessary to adequately monitor the environment to provide welfare to production animals and to achieve satisfactory zootechnical performance. In this sense, precision dairy farming, a management system based on information technology, enables greater control of animal and environmental variables, improving the performance of the dairy farm. To obtain values of climatic variables, there are devices known as dataloggers, which are nothing more than electronic devices that record data collected over a period of time, through sensors on its platform and that allow the calculation of thermal comfort indexes. In this work the objective was to improve a datalogger sensor capable of collecting biometeorological data from a dairy farm and transform them into ambience indices, providing the thermal classification of the environment to the producer. For this, a microcontrolled Arduino platform was used, with temperature and relative humidity sensors attached to it. The prototype read the climatic variables providing the values of air temperature, relative humidity, black globe temperature, dew point temperature, THI, BGTHI, TDI and thermal classification of the environment in favorable (comfort), alert (cold and heat) and danger (intense cold, intense heat and unbearable heat), thus responding to the producer's demand and consequently assisting in decision making regarding the appropriate management for the animal and rural worker welfare.Item Ambiência, comportamento ejaculatório e parâmetros do sêmen de garanhões Quarto de milha(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Rissi, Letícia Sarro; Brennecke, Käthery; Orlandi, Cássia Maria BarrosoThe environment in which horses are placed, especially those undergoing reproductive management, is an important aspect to be evaluated. Since reproductive processes can be influenced by well-being issues, disruptions in physiological factors caused by stress can interfere with reproductive performance. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of the collection room ambiance on the behavior, semen volume, and concentration of Quarter Horse stallions. The stallions used had weights ranging from 416 to 505 kg and ages within active sexual maturity, varying from 6 to 24 years, selected based on fertility index. The experimental design employed was a dependent paired-sample design with four stallions. Movements during mounting and dismounting were observed, with a chronological recording of copulatory behavior using a camera attached to a mobile device (Samsung, model SM-A107 M/DS, Galaxy A 10s). Parameters such as muscle contraction, tail movement, and pawing were documented by day, month, and time, with identification of each animal. This analysis was initially conducted at normal video speed, and subsequently, for confirmation, the video speed was slowed down to work with each behavior separately. The frequency (number) of each activity involved in the process and the elapsed time (in seconds) for each activity were recorded. These data were then correlated with the ambiance, assessed by local internal and external temperature, digital device (dry and wet bulb), wind speed, dew point, relative humidity, and black globe index. The model also considered semen volume and concentration. The results did not reveal any influence of the collection room ambiance on the behavior, semen volume, and concentration of Quarter Horse stallions.Item Análise do crescimento e desenvolvimento de probióticos no leite(Universidade Brasil, 2021) Saggiorato, Vitor Franzin; Soares, Vando EdésioProbiotics are live microorganisms that provide health benefits to the host, promoting the balance of the intestinal microbiota. When administered in smaller amounts, it reduces the effects of lactose intolerance, immunomodulation, protects against pathogenic microorganisms, has anticarcinogenic activity and liver regeneration. Its use in animal nutrition has been researched and increasingly accepted, especially after restrictions on the use of antimicrobials. Development parameters for the symbiotic association of bacteria and yeasts, ASBL (kefir), were elaborated to optimize their production. Type A whole milk and powdered milk with 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% ASBL were used as substrate, with four replications in a germination chamber type BOD at a temperature of 30ºC for 24 hours. The pH and weight gain of ASBL, yeast dough yield (kefiran) and whey (kefiraride) were evaluated. In conclusion, for an industrial scale production, the most suitable is to use powdered milk in a concentration of 4% of ASBL, since the company in question (research funder) presents a difficulty in the transport and storage processes of the type A milk, which would need refrigeration.