Monografias, Dissertações e Teses
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorioacademico.universidadebrasil.edu.br/handle/123456789/1
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Terapia de fotobiomodulação controla a glicemia em pessoas com diabetes do tipo 2?: uma revisão sistemática e metanálise(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Silva, Nélida Amorim da Silva; Parizotto, Nivaldo Antonio; Ferraresi, Cleber (Coorientador)Reducing high glycemic levels is essential for the health of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Drug treatments have adverse side effects, and they lose their effectiveness over the years, in addition to being expensive and sometimes invasive. Photobiomodulation Therapy (TFBM) appears as a new alternative in the treatment of people with DM2, since it has shown positive effects on glycemic control in animals and humans, when associated with another therapy. Objective: To analyze the effects of TFBM on glycemic control in people with DM2. Method: Systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) present in PUBMED, EMBASE, CENTRAL and Web of Science databases. Participants: People with DM2. Intervention: TFBM alone compared to control or placebo, or TFBM as an adjunct to another intervention. Outcome: Blood glucose reduction through blood tests performed before and after the intervention. Result: From n=329 studies, 10 were included. We found 1 RCT that compared TFBM alone versus a control group. In 8 RCTs, TFBM was added to another intervention in people with periodontitis and T2DM. In 1 RCT, TFBM was added to aerobic exercise. The meta-analysis of 4 RCTs with similar methodologies showed that TFBM added to scaling was significantly superior in reducing blood glucose when compared to control in people with periodontitis and T2DM. The overall quality of the GRADE evidence gave a low level of certainty. Conclusion: Due to the scarcity of studies, there is currently no evidence linking TFBM alone and the reduction of blood glucose in people with DM2. The present systematic review corroborates the existing evidence that supports the additional use of TFBM combined with conventional scaling, as an aid in glycemic control in the treatment of people affected with periodontitis and T2DM. PROSPERO CRD42021238280.Item Atividade antibiofilme de nanofibras de policaprolactona/polietilenoglicol/gelatinametacrilamida(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Soares, Nara Silva; Marciano, Fernanda Roberta; Lobo, Anderson de OliveiraOne of the biggest challenges in relation to the healing of chronic wounds is the microbial infection caused by biofilms resistant to antibiotics that can increase the cost in public health. In this study we report the antibacterial effect of the union of the three polymeric biomaterials such as polycaprolactone (PCL), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and gelatin-methacrylamide (GelMA), by electrospinning. PCL:PEG:GelMA was first modified with glycidyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (GTMAC) in an attempt to add a quaternary amine group. We characterize the morphology and chemical structure of the fibers. The biofilms of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis evaluated the antibacterial activity of scaffolds. The addition of this group of quaternary amines increased the positive charge available to react with the negatively charged bacterial cells, causing further disruption in the bacterial cells and therefore increasing their antibacterial activity.Item Caracterização e padronização bioquímica de bactérias (ATCC) de interesse clínico para dermatite atópica: espectrocospia Raman(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Oliveira, Rogério Philippov de; Martin, Airton Abrahão; Téllez-Soto, Cláudio Alberto; Khouri, SoniaThe present work deals with the analysis and characterization of the most important microorganisms related to intact skin and in patients affected by atopic dermatitis (AD). During the course of this research, it was proposed to observe the behavior and mechanisms of action of colonizing microorganisms involved in skin tissue damaged by AD and the consequent loss of philagrin with changes in the skin barrier. The analyzes were performed by collection with a disposable loop directly from the colonies in the cultures in Petri dishes. Four microorganisms were analyzed by Raman spectroscopy, namely ATCC (American Type Culture Collection) strains of Staphylococcus aureus-25923, Staphylococcus epidermidis-12228, Streptococcus pyogenes-19615 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 10145. Through 2nd derivatives, the Raman spectra showed different characteristics in relation to the protein and lipid content among the four bacteria analyzed. Statistical methods such as spectral mean and standard deviation, PCA (Principal Component Analysis) and Ward's Dendogram were also applied, in which all showed low dispersion and discrepancy in their data. The methodology employed can show the efficacy of Raman spectroscopy applied to biological samples as a tool for determining the skin barriers integrity and presenting paths for the future development of new drugs, lotions or ointments in helping the treatment of patients affected by atopic dermatitis resulting from microbial biofilms.Item Sífilis em gestantes: uma análise espacial no território Vale do Rio Guaribas/PI(Universidade Brasil, 2020) Leal, Antonia Lucimary de Sousa; Marciano, Fernanda Roberta; Navarro, Ricardo ScarparoSyphilis is a Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) that is easy to diagnose. Its treatment is carried out in a simple and freeway, guaranteed by the Unified Health System (SUS), however, it still presents itself as a public health problem, due to its high incidence, associated comorbidities and, above all, due to its magnitude, mainly when presented in pregnant women, gestational syphilis (SG). Therefore, conducting a spatial analysis of this condition becomes relevant because it allows the exact determination of the geographic space where SG has a smaller and greater distribution within the studied territory, for this the compulsory notification acts as a thermometer indicating where there is a need for disease control, since the pregnant woman with syphilis not treated properly and in a timely manner can transmit the disease vertically to the fetus: Congenital Syphilis (SC), which can cause spontaneous abortion, premature birth, fetal and neonatal death, fetal malformation, deafness , blindness and mental disability. This research aims to analyze the distribution of cases of SG in the territory of Vale do Rio Guaribas/PI, from 2008 to 2018. It is an epidemiological survey with a spatial approach to the cases notified in the Information System for Notifiable Diseases ( SINAN). The data found were tabulated in the Excel program and presented in tables, graphs and a map was designed to view the SG scenario in the Vale do Rio Guaribas / PI Territory. The survey included all SG notifications. In the graphs, tables and map presented, it is feasible to observe the current scenario of SG distribution in the various municipalities that make up the Vale do Rio Guaribas/PI territory and to score a larger cluster of SG cases in the municipality of Picos, with high rates of detection proving efficient in the notification of the disease. However, many municipalities did not present any notification of the disease, suggesting, therefore, underreporting of cases. In several municipalities, there is a lower number of SG notifications than that of congenital syphilis (SC), evidencing the underreporting of SG. The study showed that municipalities have priority in their work, as they are at risk for the occurrence of the disease, making it necessary to raise the awareness of managers, training and health education of this population and health professionals