Monografias, Dissertações e Teses
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorioacademico.universidadebrasil.edu.br/handle/123456789/1
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Produção e utilização de membranas à base de quitosana e cúrcuma no processo de reparação tecidual(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Pacheco, Karoline Maria Lopes; Costa, Adriana Pavinatto daTissue repair is a complex and dynamic pathophysiological process that involves distinct overlapping phases. In this context, biopolymers and natural extracts have been widely used in the development of new materials that favor the repair process. Chitosan and turmeric appear as an interesting alternative, as they have repair and antimicrobial properties, respectively. In the present work, membranes based on chitosan and turmeric were produced, characterized, and used for in vivo experiments with potential application for skin repair. The membranes were produced through the casting technique (evaporation of the solvent) of film formation, being produced membranes of chitosan 1% (m/v), chitosan mixed with glycerol 30% (m/m in relation to the mass of chitosan) and chitosan mixed with 30% glycerol + 1.5% turmeric (m/m in relation to chitosan mass). The characterizations of the physicochemical and mechanical properties of the membranes were made through measurements of absorption spectroscopy in the infrared region (FTIR), contact angle, thickness measurements and mechanical tests. Sustainable, homogeneous, and flexible membranes were obtained from all materials tested. The FTIR spectra show the main vibrational bands for chitosan and glycerol chemical groups, no band referring to turmeric was seen. Mechanical tests have shown that membranes containing glycerol are more flexible than those formed with pure chitosan. Membranes formed with glycerol and glycerol + turmeric are more hydrophilic compared to the membrane formed by pure chitosan. The results of the in vivo experiments show that the group that received the membrane of chitosan/glycerol 30%/turmeric 1.5% showed a statistically greater reduction in the injured area, as well as better results in the histological analysis, compared to the other experimental groups. The material developed here, from a natural source, low cost and easy to apply, capable of accelerating the process of repairing skin lesions, constitutes a contribution in the current literature.Item Atividade bactericida e reparação tecidual de arcabouços à base de Policaprolactona: uma revisão sistemática(Universidade Brasil, 2022) Teixeira, Augusto Celso Fraga da Silva; Marciano, Fernanda RobertaThe structure and function of the skin is often damaged by factors such as chronic wounds, ulcers, surgical incisions, ruptures, and burns. Depending on the severity and size of the lesion, there is loss of water, blood, and bacterial infections, requiring the use of antibiotics to treat these lesions, but it can result in increasing drug resistance in bacterial populations. Therefore, the development of polycaprolactone-based materials to reduce the use of antibiotics and avoid resistance, the application of this biodegradable polymer is attractive. Thus, the objective of this study was to review the literature on the use of PCL-based nanofibers in tissue engineering, to evaluate their bactericidal and tissue repair activity. Randomized clinical trials published between 2016 and 2021 were included, in English and Portuguese on tissue engineering, using a PCL-based framework alone or in combination with other material where the databases used were: PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciELO and LILASCS, where it resulted in 15 articles selected after the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results found indicated that Polycaprolactone (PCL) was used as a base in all scaffolds, being associated with other biomaterials (chitosan, collagen, silver ions, gelatin, among others), in which it was observed that in all of them a good repair was obtained. tissue, but not all biomaterials had a bactericidal action. It is concluded that, despite all the studies showing good tissue repair, it was observed that the bactericidal action did not happen or was not the focus of the selected research, however an observed characteristic is that the tests in humans are rarely performed, therefore, a study aimed at human applications is necessary to observe the bactericidal activity in these PCL based scaffolds.Item Avaliação do efeito do extrato aquoso da casca do caule de “Ximenia Americana L.” incorporado à hidrogel à base de gelatina metacrilato (gelma) no processo de reparo ósseo induzido em ratos(Universidade Brasil, 2023) Leal, Seânia Santos; Costa, Adriana Pavinatto da; Oliveira, Rauirys Alencar deSeveral physiotherapeutic modalities have been studied with the aim of promoting bone repair. In the biomedical context, the use of Biomaterials has been studied to stimulate this process. The present work aims to produce, characterize and evaluate the effect of the stem bark extract of “Ximenia americana L.” incorporated into gelatin methacrylate hydrogel (GelMA) associated or not with photobiomodulation (LED) therapy in the bone repair process induced in rats. To this end, the materials GelMA and GelMA + stem bark extract of “Ximenia americana L.” that were used in in vivo experiments. Animal tests were carried out using 50 male Wistar rats distributed into 5 distinct groups called: control group (CG), GelMA group (GG), Gelma + LED group (GLED), GelMA group + Ximenia americana extract ( GE) and GelMA + Ximenia americana extract _ LED (GELED) group, which were subjected to the induced fracture protocol in the diaphyseal region of the right tibia and treated with light by emission diode 858 nm and energy dose 6J in an established period of 15 and 30 days, being euthanized throughout the same cycle. To verify the effects of the therapies, histological analyzes and Raman spectroscopy were carried out. The results showed that 15 days after inducing injury in the tibia of rats, in the GE group, bone neoformation was higher than in the control group and between the GG and GE groups. In 30 days of the experiment, there was also a difference in bone neoformation between the GELED group and the control group between the GE and control group. There was also a difference between the GG and GE and GELED groups. Given the results, it can be stated that the stem extract of “Ximenia americana L” incorporated into GelMA associated with photobiomodulation from LED is a potentiator of bone repair in an animal model.