Vírus da Imunodeficiência Felina (FIV) e Vírus da Leucemia Felina (FeLV)

Abstract

Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) are among the most common causes of infectious disease in cats and are found worldwide. FeLV is transmitted through close contact between cats. Commonly, it is spread vertically and horizontally from infected cats to their kittens and horizontally between cats living together or fighting. The main mode of FIV transmission is through bite wounds that introduce saliva containing FIV-infected virus and white blood cells. Transmission of FIV from infected queens to their kittens has been demonstrated experimentally but appears to be uncommon in naturally infected cats. Transmission is also uncommon among cats living together in a house without fighting; however, some degree of risk remains. Based on the aforementioned information the aim of the present paper is through an integrative review to describe the importance of vaccination of felines for FIV/FELV pathologies. The present work was based on literature review by searching the Virtual Health Library (VHL), the Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library (SCIELO) and Google Scholar databases using the descriptors: "FIV", "FELV", "feline health" and "vaccine". that veterinarians will treat each FeLV-positive cat individually, depending on the signs they develop. Unfortunately, the prospects are likely to be poor. Keeping infected cats indoors and ensuring they are fully vaccinated will help protect them from further infection, as well as prevent the spread of FeLV to other cats. Any recurrent secondary infections can be treated with antibiotics and/or anti-inflammatory medications as needed. Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) although once considered a death sentence in many shelter facilities, it is now more widely accepted that cats infected with the virus, spread primarily through bite wounds, can live long and happy lives with good nutritional and medical care. The risk of disease transmission is low among friendly animals and can be greatly reduced through reproductive sterilization.