Avaliação do efeito do extrato aquoso da casca do caule de “Ximenia Americana L.” incorporado à hidrogel à base de gelatina metacrilato (gelma) no processo de reparo ósseo induzido em ratos

Abstract

Several physiotherapeutic modalities have been studied with the aim of promoting bone repair. In the biomedical context, the use of Biomaterials has been studied to stimulate this process. The present work aims to produce, characterize and evaluate the effect of the stem bark extract of “Ximenia americana L.” incorporated into gelatin methacrylate hydrogel (GelMA) associated or not with photobiomodulation (LED) therapy in the bone repair process induced in rats. To this end, the materials GelMA and GelMA + stem bark extract of “Ximenia americana L.” that were used in in vivo experiments. Animal tests were carried out using 50 male Wistar rats distributed into 5 distinct groups called: control group (CG), GelMA group (GG), Gelma + LED group (GLED), GelMA group + Ximenia americana extract ( GE) and GelMA + Ximenia americana extract _ LED (GELED) group, which were subjected to the induced fracture protocol in the diaphyseal region of the right tibia and treated with light by emission diode 858 nm and energy dose 6J in an established period of 15 and 30 days, being euthanized throughout the same cycle. To verify the effects of the therapies, histological analyzes and Raman spectroscopy were carried out. The results showed that 15 days after inducing injury in the tibia of rats, in the GE group, bone neoformation was higher than in the control group and between the GG and GE groups. In 30 days of the experiment, there was also a difference in bone neoformation between the GELED group and the control group between the GE and control group. There was also a difference between the GG and GE and GELED groups. Given the results, it can be stated that the stem extract of “Ximenia americana L” incorporated into GelMA associated with photobiomodulation from LED is a potentiator of bone repair in an animal model.