Metodologia de análise dos critérios de sustentabilidade ambiental em licitações públicas federais

Abstract

In Brazil, government purchases represent about 15% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and have a direct and indirect impact on the fundamental sectors of the economy. Among them are the Sustainable Purchases. These are not just based on the search for the lowest price when contracting by the public administration, but on the integration of this condition with certain parameters, which consider social welfare and the rational use of environmental resources, striving to improve the living conditions of the population. The study aimed to identify and describe the criteria and analyze the legal requirements for environmental sustainability adopted by the federal public administration for the acquisition of engineering works and services, explaining the relation between criteria and indicators in face of the evaluation and control actions exercised by managers, agents and tax in the various stages of the projects, in addition to proposing suggestions for improvement. Through bibliographic, documentary and exploratory research, 50 processes were analyzed over ten years (2010-2019) of the application of Normative Instruction No. 02/2010, divided into two categories (general and projects). There was a growth in the application of the sustainability criteria mentioned, as well as a progressive maturation in their use, through internal actions. A difference between the categories analyzed was found, as well as factors that were absent from results control, data collection and the formation of local indicators. As a proposal for improvement, a model for the collection, evaluation and formation of performance indicators was presented. The results obtained assist the public administration in improving the current models of acquisition of these works and services, based on the criteria of environmental sustainability.