Calçadas permeáveis como alternativa para minimizar os problemas das enchentes na cidade de São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo

Abstract

Large urban centers have been suffering over the years with flooding problems due to the rampant urbanization accompanied by inadequate infrastructure and consequent soil impermeability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the actions carried out in the city of São Bernardo do Campo to prevent the occurrence of floods with a view to minimizing the impact on the population and the environment. A bibliographic study of related research in different municipalities similar to this work, and data survey was conducted on urban legislation, works and strategic planning, the municipal code, estimate of the population and water-source conservation areas and the existing drainage measures. Based on the results, an amendment to article 79 of the municipal code was proposed for the use of permeable floors to be mandatory. About 98.3% of the population of the municipality resides in urban areas and 1.7% in rural areas, with 25.7% living in of water-source protection and recovery areas of and 16.7% in areas at risk of natural disasters. In the months of November to March, there is an increase in precipitation rates, with the occurrence of floods and landslides concentrating in this period. The municipal code does not provide for the use of permeable sidewalks. With the conclusion of this research, it was shown that the city of São Bernardo do Campo has recurrent flooding problems due to the high rate of urbanization and occupation of watersource conservation areas. However, as a way to minimize floods, the municipality acts on macro- and micro-drainage works, without the use of permeable sidewalks. The approval of the regulation for the mandatory use of these sidewalks will bring advantages to the municipality in terms of coping with floods, providing benefits to public coffers, the population and the environment.