Efeitos da indução de estresse mental na variabilidade da frequência cardíaca em atletas de Badminton
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Data
2021
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Universidade Brasil
Resumo
The objective of the study was to analyze the effects of mental stress induction on
heart rate variability in Badminton athletes. The study is direct, descriptive,
experimental, cross-sectional and quantitative, carried out with the 15 highest ranked
in the State of Piauí, by the Brazilian Confederation of Badminton, in January 2019.
The sample consisted of 8 women and 7 men, with the average age of 19 years-old
(+2.85), where the majority belonged to the main category (53.33%), participated in
international competitions (66.66%) in all modalities (80%). The athletes were
submitted to a previous anamnesis, measurement of blood pressure (BP), evaluation
of HRV and Computerized Stroop Test. The procedures started with the placement of
the Polar® H10 transmitter for the evaluation of the HRV in the participants, who went
through a 5 min adaptation moment, when their BP was measured. After another 5
minutes of rest and BP measurement again, the Stroop Test of TESTIPACS® was then
applied and the HRV evaluation was completed. For the analysis of HRV, the intervals
were fragmented into 1 min, so that possible changes in the signals could be observed
and only the resting moment and application of the Stroop Test were considered. All
procedures were approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of Centro
Universitário Uninovafapi (PI) (#3147702). It can be observed that the stressful
stimulus promoted an increase in the mean HR and a decrease in the mean of the RR
intervals, which suggests a physiological response that reflects the activation of the
cardiac autonomic function, also perceived in the reduction of the SDNN, RMSSD,
NN50 and pNN50 components. The high stress index during the time of application of
the Stroop Test corroborates the values of the increased SNS index. The components
of the frequency domain showed an increase in LF and LF/HF and maintenance of HF,
while in the results of the Poincaré graph, the values of SD1 and SD2 reduced and the
SD2/SD1 ratio increased. In the correlation analyses, it is possible to notice that the
performance regarding the reaction time of the Stroop test is directly proportional to
the components RMSSD, NN50, pNN50 and to the PNS index, while the stress index
is inversely proportional. The other components did not show statistical significance. It
is possible to verify that the Stroop Test was able to generate physiological changes
with important responses in HRV, but further studies are needed on the stressful effect
on athletes, as they are frequently subjected to both physical and mental stress, and
that this frequency can lead to long-term cardiac overload.
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Palavras-chave
Estresse psicológico, Atletas, Teste de Stroop, Exercício físico, Sistema nervoso autônomo